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© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Automation, integration and coupling of UAVs calculation workflows
using ANSYS ACT
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Classification of UAVs
Depending on the UAV type various calculation approaches can be used during
UAV designing process.
Light UAVs (flying weight up to 50 kg):
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Light UAVs
Airplane-like UAVs:
Helicopter-like UAVs:
Multirotor UAVs:
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Multirotor UAV
• Payload
• Range
• Height
• Flight time
Frame
• Strength
• Weight
Propeller
• Thrust
• Velocity
• Efficiency
• Weight
Motor
• Power unit
• Torque
• Efficiency
• Weight
Battery
• Capacity
• MaxCurrent
• Weight
Electronics
• Flight control
• Weight
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Airplane UAV
• Payload
• Range
• Height
• Flight time
Fuselage
• Strength
• Weight
Propeller
• Thrust
• Velocity
• Efficiency
• Weight
Motor/Engine
• Power unit
• Torque
• Efficiency
• Weight
Battery/Fuel
• Capacity
• MaxCurrent
• Weight
Electronics
• Flight control
• Weight
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Simplified UAV design workflow
Low fidelity calculation tools
Aerodynamics Structural Electromagnetics
UAV specification
CAD model
High fidelity CAE simulation
Flight dynamics calculation
Aerodynamics Structural Electromagnetics
Prototype flight test
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Simplified description of low fidelity calculation approach
UAV specification:
Payload
Range
Height
Velocity
Lift ratio
Flight time
Propeller:Diameter
Power Unit:Number of drives
Propeller
aerodynamics:Thrust curve
Power curve
Weight estimation:Frame/Fuselage
Motor/Engine
Propeller
Electronics
Battery/Fuel
Battery/Fuel:Capacity
Weight
Motor/Engine:RPM/KV,
Voltage
Power/Torque
Weight
Aerodynamical
calculation
Structural
calculation
Electromagnetic
calculation
Data for initial iteration
Does the initial weight of
battery/fuel correlate to
calculated weight? If NO –
revision of weight estimation
should be performed and
new calculation iteration until
the convergence.
YES
Basic strength theory
from engineer
handbook
Panel and vortex methods
Empirical expressions for EM
powerdrives from engineer
handbook
Power unit
operational
conditions:RPM
Thrust
Power
Velocity/Prop pitch
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
ANSYS as a platform for calculation workflows automation
• Evaluation of virtual prototype
performance
• Flight dynamics simulation
including flight control system
debugging and optimization
Prototyping
CAD design
Preliminary
design
• Automated typical pre and post
operations in accordance with
guidelines
• Extension of solver capabilities
• Result evaluation in accordance
with guidelines
• Preliminary design using
analytical/empirical expressions
from handbooks or special
engineering software
• Estimation of performance,
optimal operational conditions.
• Fast and reliable ‘What if study’
System modeling
Low fidelity calculation tools
High fidelity CAE simulations
Prototype performance evaluation
Requirements
ANSYS SCADE
ANSYS Simplorer
ANSYS
Workbench
ANSYS EKM
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Unified Calculation Environment based on ANSYS platform
PitchRate
2
2
Kpitch
3
3
Kpitchrate
Elev atorCommand
<If Block1>
AltitudeMeasured < AltitudeMinAltitudeMeasured < AltitudeMin
PitchRef erence
3
(-15.0) 15.0L H
pitchsaf e
pitchsaf ePitchRef erence
2
0.0 15.0L H
pitchsaf e
1
IntegrFwd
T L H
false Ts (-18... 180.0
R
Customized GUI for
data input (UAV
specification)
Low fidelity calculation
tools for preliminary
design
Preliminary design
estimation, ‘what if’
study’
CAD modeling basing
on results of low fidelity
calculation tools
Development of math
model based on high
fidelity CAE tools
Debugging of
controlling algorithms
Virtual testbed for
performance evaluation
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Classification of UAVs
Depending on the UAV type various calculation approaches can be used
during UAV designing process.
Heavy UAVs (flying weight up to 1000 kg):
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
ANSYS as a platform for coupling of parallel calculation workflows
•
Power unit
performance
Aerodynamical and
structural performance
Aerodynamical
interference
Расчет фюзеляжа на
прочность с учетом
его компоновки
EM compatibility, HF
direction diagram,
electrical components
thermal behavior
Flight control
simulation
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
• ANSYS can be considered as platform with coupled modules performing calculations of various
UAV components and tasks.
• The automated tool for UAV calculation can be implemented using ANSYS ACTs and ANSYS EKM.
ANSYS as a platform for coupling of parallel calculation workflows
‘Geometry’ module
‘Power unit’ module
‘Aerodynamical’ module ‘Structural’ module
‘Weight’ module
‘Electronics’ modules‘Flight dynamics‘
module
…
© CADFEM CIS, SimuLabs, 2016–2017
Conclusion
Why do we need automation of the workflows, coupling and integration
of various calculation approaches into Unified Calculation Environment
based on ANSYS platform?
• To reduce calculation time and improve robustness coupling CAE tools with low fidelity calculation
tools at preliminary design stage.
• To accumulate all the workflows, guidelines, software in a ‘single window’ system – customized
ANSYS platform.
• To extend capability of various tools by each other.
• To reduce significantly total calculation time due to automation of typical pre post actions in
ANSYS.
• To increase overall simulation efficiency by using system modeling approach for ‘virtual prototype
simulation’.