Download - Austroads developments in skid resistance
www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions2
Outline
• Introduce Austroads
• 3 Austroads projects
– 1. New policy guidelines for the management of skid resistance
– 2. Review of measurement methods
– 3. Reference stone for the Australian PAFV test
• The PAFV/PSV test and today's traffic?
www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions3
Austroads
Comprises
• All Australian state and territory road transport and traffic authorities
• Commonwealth department of infrastructure and transport
• Australian local government association
• NZ transport agency
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Austroads
Purpose
• Provide expert advice
• Facilitate collaboration
• Promote harmonisation, consistency and uniformity
• Undertake strategic research
• Promote improved and consistent practices
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Austroads
Typical process for research work
• Various committees identify research needs
• Project scoped and approved
• Workshop held for stakeholder views
• Project group established - nominations from each state
• ARRB undertakes research with input from the project group
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Recent Austroads skid publications
• 2005 Guidelines
• 2009 Skid resistance
• 2009 Texture
• 2011 Policy
•All downloadable from www.austroads.com.au publications
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2011 Guide for development of policy
Skid monitoring programs and investigatory limits
• Are based on UK systems
• Australian climate, traffic intensity, road network different
• A single approach does not fit all Australia
‘Zones of Regional similarities’ developed
• Rainfall
• Population
• Topography
• Traffic
• Climate
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Zones of regional similarity
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Zones of regional similarity
Generic zone Minimum level of testing required
1 – low skid resistance demand
Process monitoring. (e.g. network laser texture surveys or visual analysis as minimum)
2 – medium skid resistance demand
Targeted testing. (e.g. portable and towed devices such as British Pendulum, GripTester, as a minimum)
3 – high skid resistance demand
Network Monitoring. (e.g. SCRIM where cost effective)
4 – High Density Urban (Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne)
SCRIM, or GripTester for inaccessible sites
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Review of measurement methods
Literature review (in publication)
Factors
• Slip ratio
• Slip speed
• Water film thickness
• Test tyre
• Temperature
• Etc…..
• Every device varies!
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www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
Review of measurement methods
Correlation and harmonisation exercises
• Australian & New Zealand, 2000, 2003, 2005
• PIARC in 1990s– 47 measurement devices– 16 countries– 67 parameters– IFI
• HERMES in 2000s– 15 measurement devices– 5 countries– EFI
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www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
Review of measurement methods
Correlation and harmonisation exercises cont.
• TYROSAFE in 2007– European consortium– Reviewed previous projects– Concluded there is no scale or system that can harmonise– Standardisation is the ultimate degree of harmonisation
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www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
Review of measurement methods
What now for Australia?
• Harmonisation trials abandoned
• Jurisdictions to carefully choose their testing device
• Then retain its use over a long period of time
• Different testing devices are appropriate for different zones
• Monitored calibration exercises for all– SCRIMs– GripTesters– British pendulum testers
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www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
PSV test and PAFV test
• Quirky Australian history of 1960s
( see Appendix A of Austroads (2011) Guidance for the Development of Policy to Manage Skid Resistance)
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www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
PSV and PAFV tests• Australian PAFV test ≈ rest of
world’s PSV test• British stone, grit and tyres
were to expensive to procure in Aust
• PAFV developed mid 1970s as a surrogate for PSV
• Different reference stone, grit and tyres → PAFV
• Designed to closely replicate PSV
• Most states use vertical wheel• One state uses a horizontal
bed
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Photo: AS 1141.41 – 1984 (superseded)
Photo: R. Yeo
www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
Reference stone for PAFV test
• Australian PAFV test ≈ rest of world’s PSV test
• Not only a different test, but also a different reference stone.
• Stockpiles of reference stone developed 30 years ago are now depleted
• Austroads has decided to re-adopt the UK reference stone.
• PAFV/PSV test still has a number of years remaining
• Austroads running proficiency studies, correlation, etc
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www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
The PSV test and today's traffic• PSV test developed about 65 years ago
• Questions:– Different traffic stresses now?– Many questions on relationship with road on-site performance!– Relationship to crashes?
• Alternatives?
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Wehner Schulze test?
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Photos: K Neaylon
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Micro-Deval with aggregate imaging?
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Photos: Robert Myers Associates Photos: Pine instruments
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NCAT three wheel polisher with CTM?
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Photo: NCAT Photo: D Wilson
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Any other alternatives to PSV?
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?
www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
Conclusion: “partnerships in practice”
• Skid resistance in Australia relies on partnerships– Stakeholders – Jurisdictions– Working groups are used extensively– Draw on world wide activities
• Australia believes it has a variety of local conditions– International solutions adapted, before they are adopted.
• Australia needs to participate within the international community
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www.arrb.com.au Trusted advisor to road authorities for technical input and solutions
For more information
Contact:
Kym Neaylon
National Technical Leader
Sustainable Infrastructure Science
ARRB Group
Melbourne, Australia
Telephone: +61 (3) 9881 1629
Mobile: +61 (4) 3043 7172