Download - Asian Theater
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Asian Theater
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Indian Theater Presents the epic poem of Ramayana
and Mahabharata
Performances include dance plays
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Ramayana
Mahabharata
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Thailand theaterThe drama is based on formalized
dances, presenting stories from Hindu literature.
Grotesque masks and jeweled costumes are used
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Chinese TheaterShows many battles and long journeys
of characters
Movements, properties and make-up are highly symbolic
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Japanese TheaterThe forms of drama in Japan are
the Noh, Kabuki and the Doll theater
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NohAlso called “Nogaku”Derived from the Japanese word for
"skill" or "talent“Major form of classical Japanese
musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century.
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Many characters are masked, with men playing male and female roles.
They use fans to depict emotions.
Noh became the aristocratic entertainment in Japan in 1650.
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KabukiThe individual kanji characters, from left to right,
mean sing (歌 ), dance (舞 ), and skill (伎 ). Kabuki is therefore sometimes translated as “the art of singing and dancing.“
Kabuki plays are about historical events, moral conflicts, love relationships and the like. The actors use an old fashioned language which is difficult to understand even for some Japanese people. Actors speak in somewhat monotonous voices accompanied by traditional Japanese instruments.
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Kabuki takes place on a rotating stage (kabuki no butai). The stage is further equipped with several gadgets like trapdoors through which the actors can appear and disappear. Another specialty of the kabuki stage is a footbridge (hanamichi) that leads through the audience.
In the early years, both men and women acted in kabuki plays. Later during the Edo Period, the Tokugawa Shogunate forbade women from acting, a restriction that survives to the present day. Several male kabuki actors are therefore specialists in playing female roles (onnagata).
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The Doll theaterUses magnificent gowned marionettes
about four feet high.
Each doll is manipulated by three attendants who wear black clothes and gauze mask to symbolize their invisibility
The lines are spoken and sung by narrators.
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The theater in the Philippines
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Pre-spanish periodDuplo and KaragatanA game of wit expressed through
riddles.
To be played during a wake and a death anniversary commemoration.
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Carillo
A shadow playProjected cardboard figures on a
makeshift screen were manipulated so as to appear moving and acting.
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Spanish PeriodCenaculo
A dramatic presentation held during holy week commemorating the passion of Jesus Christ.
Moro-moro
A presentation depicting the battle between Christians and Moro.
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Zarzuela
A perpetuation consist of short pieces of songs, music and dialogues.
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American PeriodZarzuela continued to be a vehicle
used to vent propagation of nationalism against the spanish and americans.
Patriotic Zarzuelas:Tanikalang Ginto by Juan AbadHindi Ako Patay by Juan Matapang CruzKahapon, Ngayon at Bukas by Aurelio
Tolentino
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The Americans banned nationalistic zarzuelas.
Zarzuela presentation deals with more accepted themes as love, sufferings and death.
Vaudeville and Hollywood replaced Zarzuela
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Japanese periodBanned of local and foreign films
except those about Japanese propaganda.
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New era in Philippine theater
Theater groups were organized in 1953Dr. Severino Montano organized the Arena
Theater in the Philippine Normal College.
In 1960s, the theater started to use venacular, focusing on societal issues and concerns.
Examples are:Paul Dumol’s Ang paglilitis ni Mang Serapio
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Theater companies establisged:
Philippine Educational Theater Association (PETA) founded by Cecile Guidote
Teatro Pilipino founded in 1976 by Rolando Tolentino
CCP’s Tanghalang Pilipino headed by Fernando C. Josef
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Thank You!