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ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation
Shreshth Nagpal
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OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
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OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
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ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION
Design TeamHouser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group
Integral GroupCommitted to decarbonization & resilience in built environment
Design AnalyticsArchitects, building technologists, data scientists, UX designers
Energy ModelingDeep-knowledge practice supports broad-knowledge practices
Architect of Record
Interior Design: (SBE)
Houser Walker Architecture, LLC
Partner in Charge, Co-Lead Designer,
Overall Project Manager:
Gregory Walker, AIA, LEED AP
Project Architect:
(responsible for sub consultant
coordination, document production)
Tom Butler, LEED AP
Design Architect
Lead Sustainability Designer: (SBE)
McLennan Design
Partner in Charge, Co- Lead Designer,
Lead Sustainability Designer
Jason McLennan, LEED Fellow
Project Manager:
Dale Duncan, AIA LEED AP
Director of Regenerative Design:
(programming lead)
Phaedra Svec, AIA, LEED BD+C
Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing,
Fire Protection Engineering Lighting
Consultant:
Integral Consulting Engineering
the Atlanta practice of Integral Group
Principal in Charge; Mechanical Principal:
Stanton Stafford, PE, LEED BD+C
Net Zero Advisor:
John Andary, PE, LEED AP
Electrical Principal:
Spencer Phillips PE, LEED AP BD+C
Plumbing and Fire Protection Team Lead:
Benjamin Byerson, CPD, CET
Lighting Design:
Kera Lagios, LEED AP BD + C, Assoc. IALD, MIES
Energy Modeling:
Shreshth Nagpal, HBDP, BEMP, CPHD, CEM,
LEED AP BD+C
Building Envelope Consulting:
Niall Byrne, P.Eng., Ph.D. CxA
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10+
110+
18
600+
20+
6+
100+
100+
ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION
Design TeamHouser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group
Integral GroupCommitted to decarbonization & resilience in built environment
Design AnalyticsArchitects, building technologists, data scientists, UX designers
Energy ModelingDeep-knowledge practice supports broad-knowledge practices
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Mechanical
Engineering
Electrical
Engineering
Energy &
Climate Policy
Performance
Engineering
Health &
Wellness
Lighting &
Daylight Design
Sustainability
Consulting
Energy Modeling
& Analysis
Design Analytics
ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION
Design TeamHouser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group
Integral GroupCommitted to decarbonization & resilience in built environment
Design AnalyticsArchitects, building technologists, data scientists, UX designers
Energy ModelingDeep-knowledge practice supports broad-knowledge practices
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ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION
Design TeamHouser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group
Integral GroupCommitted to decarbonization & resilience in built environment
Design AnalyticsArchitects, building technologists, data scientists, UX designers
Energy ModelingDeep-knowledge practice supports broad-knowledge practices
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OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
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CHALLENGE
ASHRAE future global headquartersRenovating a 67,000 ft2 building from 1978 near Atlanta, GA
Demonstrate a replicable processFor retrofitting a mid-century building
Achieve net-zero energy performanceWhile providing an exceptional workplace
Target maximum EUI 24.1 kBtu/ft2/yrBefore renewable energy. Aspirational target 15 kBtu/ft2/yr
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VISION
Showcase for latest technologyDestination venue for industry visitors
Superior efficiencyWhile providing a healthy and comfortable environment
Represent sustainability valuesThat ASHRAE has long held
Have a net-zero energy operationAnd a zero-carbon footprint
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PRINCIPLES
Climate and place inform designEnvelope tailored to task and orientation
Daylight as primary lighting sourceMinimal reliance on electric lighting
Expanded thermal comfort rangeNatural ventilation when appropriate
Low energy use systemsSpaces zoned thermally and acoustically
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36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
rPATH TO NET ZERO ENERGY
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EUI kBTU/ft2 /yr
Target Maximum 24.1 EUI
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OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
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SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
Evaluate a series of envelope measuresTo understand the sensitivity of individual characteristics
X-axes show incremental improvementIn the specific studied parameter over baseline values
Y-axes show associated impactof improvement on annual energy use intensity
R-17 walls, R-35 roof, U-0.4 windowsTargets based in diminishing returns
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PARAMETRIC STUDY
Parallel coordinates plotTo better understand the effect of different parameters
Left axes each represent a parameterAnd the different evaluated properties
Right axis presents energy use intensityResulting from the selected parameter combination(s)
Energy and surrogate model resultsLighter lines are results from statistical surrogate models
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ENERGY USE CHARACTERIZATION
Breakdown of energy by end useTo identify opportunities to improve overall performance
Windows largest heat loss componentHeating ~25% of total energy use
Solar gains largest cooling componentCooling ~25% of total energy use
Fenestration offers largest opportunityBy further reducing conductive losses and solar gains
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PATH TO NET ZERO ENERGY
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
r
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EUI kBTU/f
t2 /yr
Target Maximum 24.1 EUI
25
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OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
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30% - 40% WWR+SHADESBased on Orientation
SOLAR ORIENTATION
Summer: May to SeptemberExtreme hot period: Jul 6-12 | Max Temp 98°F (37°C)
Winter: December to FebruaryExtreme cold period: Jan 6-12 | Min Temp 9°F (-13°C)
Orientations to avoid: East/WestHigh summer solar exposure | Low solar angles
Windows to orient: North/SouthPassive winter gains | Controllable summer exposure
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17%-19%Hrs in Comfort Range
27%-40%Hrs in Comfort Range
Daytime Ventilation / No RH Limit
No Natural Ventilation
Day & Night Ventilation / No RH Limit
42%-56%Hrs in Comfort Range
19%-28%Hrs in Comfort Range
Daytime Ventilation / 60% RH Limit
Indoor Operative Temperature
Indoor Operative Temperature
Indoor Operative Temperature
Indoor Operative Temperature
NATURAL VENTILATION
Natural ventilation alternates Daytime | Night purge | RH limits
605 hours with 60% RH high limit Indoor Air Temp > 70⁰F | Outdoor Air Temp < 81⁰F
1264 hours without RH limitDaytime operation only
3043 hours with night purgeFan assisted nighttime economizer operation
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CUMULATIVE ANNUAL INSOLATION(KWH/M²)
1850
0
15-17kBtu/ft2/yr
EUI Offset
ONSITE RENEWABLES
12,000-14,000 ft2 rooftop PV areaAssuming ~50% of 28,000 ft2 roof available for PV array
210-260 kWp PV system capacityAssuming 19.5% PV module efficiency
290-341 MWh annual energy generationAssuming 15% inverter losses, 4% system losses
15-17 kBtu/ft2/yr potential EUI offsetAssuming 68,000 ft2 floor area for EUI calculations
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PATH TO NET ZERO ENERGY
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
r
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EUI kBTU/f
t2 /yr
NZE Target 17 EUI
Target Maximum 24.1 EUI
25
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OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
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PROGRAM ORGANIZATION
Level 2
Level 1
A B C
First principles approachAdapted to accommodate program criteria flexibility
A - MixedGood inter-department workflow
B - Stratified ✓Best daylight | All staff on one level | Good thermal zoning
C - StackedGood thermal zoning | Better proportion of program areas
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ATRIUM ENCLOSURE
Existing atrium is a greenhouseExample of exactly what not to do
New opaque roof Provide area for additional photovoltaic panels
Deep shading on southFor optimal solar control
Insulated interior glass wallsAtrium to act as a thermal interstitial zone
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OR +
+
75
EXPANDED COMFORT RANGE
Separate sensible load controlHydronic radiant or chilled beam systems
Remove heat using convectionUsing ceiling fans and natural ventilation
Maintain operative temperaturesUse higher air temperature setpoints
Higher chilled water temperatureAllow improved energy efficiency at plant
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PATH TO NET ZERO ENERGY
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
r
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EUI kBTU
/ft2 /yr
NZE Target 17 EUI
25
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OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
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FENESTRATION CONFIGURATION
Several window option studiesLocation and sizes with respect to interior planning
IGUs in aluminum frameStrategically designed to leave existing precast panels in place
Tuned to desired area ratios30% on east and west | 40% on north and south
Exterior shading devicesHorizontal and vertical on east and west | Horizontal on south
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67% Percentage of
regularly occupied
workspaces with
useful daylight
illuminance
(>300 lux)
36% Percentage of
regularly occupied
workspaces with
useful daylight
illuminance
(>300 lux)
Short WindowsNo Skylights
Tall Windows18 Skylights
SKYLIGHTS AND DAYLIGHT
Cloud ceilings over workstationsHost ceiling fans and radiant panels
Skylights over circulation zonesMore ideal than having skylights directly over a workstation
Closed offices to be glass enclosedAllow borrowed light to permeate with little obstruction
Centralized restrooms and storage Opaque areas clustered in the center of floorplate
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WALL AND ROOF INSULATION
Two-dimensional heat transfer modelLBNL THERM platform
Assess options for wall assemblyTarget wall R value | Condensation potential
3.5” XPS added to interior: R-10Thermal bridging | Condensation risk | Not recommended
3.5” XPS added to exterior: R-24Exceeds target| Recommended
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36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
r
25
PATH TO NET ZERO ENERGY
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EUI kB
TU/ft2 /yr
NZE Target EUI 17 kBtu/ft2/yr NZE Target 17 EUI
![Page 33: ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation - nzeb.in · ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION Design Team Houser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group Integral Group Committed to decarbonization](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6ac9f2a8c0c0f03b225/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
![Page 34: ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation - nzeb.in · ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION Design Team Houser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group Integral Group Committed to decarbonization](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6ac9f2a8c0c0f03b225/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
New skylight
Light colored ceiling
to reflect daylight
External shades
Roof monitor
REDUCED LOADS
Insulated Walls and RoofsR-17 Walls | R-35 Roof
Optimized FenestrationU-0.4 | SHGC-0.25 | ~32% WWR | Min 1’ overhangs
Airtight Construction0.1 cfm/ft2 façade infiltration @ 75 pa
Maximized DaylightHigh windows | Skylight monitors | Atrium clerestories
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Mixed Mode SystemOperable windows | Atrium exhaust | Ceiling fans
Night-flush EconomizerPrecool building thermal mass
Effective VentilationEnthalpy heat recovery | Demand controlled ventilation
Optimized Air DistributionOverhead mixed air | Overhead displacement
Packaged Rooftop
Unit
Ceiling fans
(bidirectional)
Overhead air
distribution
Operable
windows
OPTIMIZED CONDITIONING
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DOAS distributionDOAS
Radiant Sails
Ceiling fans
(bidirectional)
FCU
DECOUPLED SYSTEMS
Hydronic Terminal UnitsChilled beams | Radiant ceiling panels | DOAS boxes
Dedicated Outside Air SystemEnthalpy heat recovery | Demand controlled ventilation
High Efficiency PlantAir-to-water heat pumps | Water-to-water heat pumps
Potential Geo/Lake ExchangePotential ground source heat exchange
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36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
r
25
PATH TO NET ZERO ENERGY
36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
r
NZE Target EUI 17 kBtu/ft2/yr NZE Target 17 EUI
![Page 38: ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation - nzeb.in · ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION Design Team Houser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group Integral Group Committed to decarbonization](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6ac9f2a8c0c0f03b225/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
![Page 39: ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation - nzeb.in · ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION Design Team Houser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group Integral Group Committed to decarbonization](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6ac9f2a8c0c0f03b225/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
19.3kBtu/ft2/yr
EUI Offset
20% SAFETY FACTOR
14,000 ft2 rooftop PV areaAssuming ~50% of 28,000 ft2 roof available for PV array
258 kWp PV system capacityAssuming 19.5% PV module efficiency
341 MWh annual energy generationAssuming 15% inverter losses, 4% system losses
17.1 kBtu/ft2/yr potential EUI offsetAssuming 68,000 ft2 floor area for EUI calculations
16,000
292
378
19.3
17.1kBtu/ft2/yr
EUI Offset
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36
30
24
22
19
1716
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
EXISTING BUILDING
CONSTRUCTIONS
ASHRAE PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS
RECOMMENDED
CONSTRUCTIONS
PROGRAM LAYOUT
COMFORT CRITERIA
PROPOSED ENVELOPE
CONFIGURATION
OPTIMIZED
ALL-AIR SYSTEM
DECOUPLED
HYDRONIC SYTEMS
20%
SAFETY FACTOR
FANS PUMPS COOLING HOT WATER HEATING LIGHTING PLUG LOADSANNUAL SITE ENERGY USE
EU
I k
BT
U/f
t2/y
r
25
PATH TO NET ZERO ENERGY
Project16 EUI
PV 19 EUI
![Page 41: ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation - nzeb.in · ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION Design Team Houser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group Integral Group Committed to decarbonization](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6ac9f2a8c0c0f03b225/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
OVERVIEW
01 Intro
02 Project
03 Baseline
04 Climate
05 Program
06 Envelope
07 Systems
08 Summary
09 Questions
![Page 42: ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation - nzeb.in · ASHRAE HQ NZE RENOVATION Design Team Houser Walker Architecture | McLennan Design | Integral Group Integral Group Committed to decarbonization](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6ac9f2a8c0c0f03b225/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
ASHRAE HQ NZE Renovation
Shreshth Nagpalsnagpal@elementaengineer ing.com