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Arthropods
Chapter 28Biology
Auburn High Schoolp. 760 – 783
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28.1: Characteristics of Arthropods
p. 761 – 766
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General Characteristics
Phylum Arthropoda• Meaning – arthron = joint; pod = foot
• Jointed appendages, exoskeleton, varied life cycles, bilateral symmetry, coelomate invertebrate
• Grow by molting (the shedding of old exoskeleton)
Habitat• Land, water or air
Locomotion• Flying, crawling, or swimming
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General Characteristics Reproduction
• Sexually• Internal in land species, external in aquatic species
• Some are hermaphrodites (barnacles)• Some are parthenogenesis (bees, wasp, & ants)
• form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops from an unfertilized egg
Significance• Pollinators (bees)• Scavengers (ants, beetles, etc.)• Parasites (mosquitoes) • Control insect population (spiders)
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28.2: Diversity of Arthropods
p. 767 – 775
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Class Arachnida
Include: spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks
4 pairs of legs No antenna Body regions: chephlothorax and
abdomen
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Class Crustaceans
Aquatic or damp terrestrial locations Exchange gases through feathery gills 2 pairs of antennae Have mandibles for crushing food Compound eye 5 pairs of walking legs 2 or 3 body sections
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Class Crustaceans
Include: crabs, lobsters, shrimp, crawfish, barnacles, water fleas, pill bugs, and sow bugs
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Class Chilopoda Class Diplopoda
Flatten bodies Carnivorous 15 – 181 body segments Include: centipedes
Cylindrical bodies Herbivores; Stink glands 100+ body segments 2 pair of legs per segment Include: millipedes
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Class Merostomata (Horseshoe Crab)
Living fossils Semicircular exoskeleton Long pointed tail 4 pairs of walking legs 5 or 6 pairs of appendages that move
water over gills (swimmerets) Eat sea weed, worms, and mollusks
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Class Insecta
3 body divisions (head, thorax & abdomen) 6 legs attached to thorax Most adults have 1 or 2 pairs of wings Exoskeleton (molt to grow) Undergo metamorphosis (egg – larvae – pupa
– adult or egg – nymph – adult) Habitat
• Found in most places
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Metamorphosis of Insects
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Characteristics of Insects
Feeding• All types
Locomotion• Crawling, flying, jumping or swimming
Reproduction• Eggs fertilized internally (sexually)
Significance• Damage crops, spread diseases, eat other insects,
pollinate
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Characteristics of Insects
Include: dragonflies, fruit flies, butterflies, grasshoppers, ants, bees, wasps, katydids, preying mantis, roaches, beetles, bowel weevil, lice, and etc.
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Pictures of Insects