Download - Ardi Book first few pages
Schizophonic Retreats 1/1
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 2/3
Energy / Sound / Environmental Concern
by Ardi RexhepiTHE SCHIZOPHONIC RETREATS
Diploma 18
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 4/5
00. Introduction - Energy Attack Unit
Phase 1 - Research and Analysis
01. Case Studies
02. Masters of Music
03. Sound and Architecture
04. Discovery
Phase 2 - Experiments and Instruments
05. Introduction
06. Experiment 1 - The Sonic Shadows
07. Experiment 2 - The Venturi Formations
08. Experiment 3 - The Acapella City
09. Experiment 4 - The Arctic Symphony
10. Experiment 5 - The Galapagos Sway
Phase 3 - Compositions
11. Composition 1 - The Sonic Shadows
Composition 2 - The Venturi Formations
Composition 3 - The Acapella City
Composition 4 - The Arctic Symphony
Composition 5 - The Galapagos Sway
Phase 4 - Performance
12. Performance 1 - The Sonic Shadows
Performance 2 - The Venturi Formations
Performance 3 - The Acapella City
Performance 5 - The Galapagos Sway
13. Conclusion
7
8-21
22 - 35
36 - 41
42 - 43
44 - 47
48 - 77
78 - 91
92 - 105
106 - 119
120 - 127
130 - 131
132 - 133
134 - 135
136 - 137
138 - 139
142 - 143
144 - 145
146 - 147
148 - 149
150 - 151
INDEX
Diploma 18
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 6/7
The unit methodology is driven by research. To-
day research is not about a linear progression where
A leads to B leads to C and eventually ends up at
E; instead it is a multi-directional process where A,
B,C,D,E develop simultaneously to each other.
As a result, the unit is rooted in deep self-suffi-
cient research comprised of independent research
“silos”. The silos employ diverse research tools such
as literature review, empirical physical testing or par-
ticle simulation. Thus the conclusion of each silo gets
presented in different media from printed graphics
to theatrical performance to digital animation. The
knowledge collected in the silos leads to the develop-
ment of an individual portfolio proposal.
Diploma 18 continues its exploration on terri-
tories affected by global warming by focusing on
the natural patrimony of the Galápagos Islands. It
is within this isolated archipelago that Darwin en-
countered the complex biodiversity that enabled
him to complete his taxonomies and construct his
theory of evolution. These islands are still used as
a ‘live laboratory’ to investigate and understand
microevolution and speciation. However, this frag-
ile environment (on UNESCO’s list of Endangered
World Heritage sites) is highly threatened by invad-
ing species, pollution, over-exploitation and, most
importantly, climate change, and can be seen as a
microcosm of the changes occuring in our world.
This year we will start in Barcelona, exploring
on lightness, space, structure and geometry, as
well as physical and climatic phenomena, through
an investigation of soap films. We will run a series
of seminars on generative design methodologies
through the application of algorithmic techniques
in processing. Students will analyse the archipelago,
using a taxonomy of resources such as recursion,
branching, swarm behaviour, cellular automata and
fractals.
The design projects will be initiated by a unit
trip to the Galápagos. From there, each student will
select a specific theme of analysis related to climate
change that will ultimately unfold into a design the-
sis addressing social, political, economic and eco-
logical matters.
The unit proposes a research-based agenda that
will compel students to take an independent posi-
tion towards the role of the architect in a world af-
fected by global warming, with empathy, leading to
a new environmental consciousness in architecture.
Green politics is a political ideology that aims to create an ecologically
sustainable society rooted in environmentalism, social justice, and grassroots
democracy. It began taking shape in the western world in the 1970s; since then
Green parties have developed and established themselves in many countries.
00.1ENERGY ATTACK UNIT
Diploma 18
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 8/9
Like the Beijing National Stadium, Allianz was designed by Swiss architecture
firm Herzog & de Meuron, which created a stadium with 2874 inflated ETFE
plastic panels, giving it a billowy, cloud-like form.
01.1CASE STUDY - THE ALLIANZ ARENA
Case Studies
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
EXTERNAL MEMBRANE
ETFE Cushions
SECONDARY STRUCTURE
120X220 Steel RHS
PRIMARY STRUCTURE
Pre-cast spun concrete
Schizophonic Retreats 10/11
The arena facade is constructed of 2,874 ET-
FE-foil air panels that are kept inflated with dry air
to a differential pressure of 0.038 hPa. The panels ap-
pear white from far away but when examined closely,
there are little dots on the panels.
The stadium construction began on 21 October
2002 and was officially opened on 30 May 2005. The
primary designers are architects Herzog & de Meu-
ron. The stadium is designed so that the main en-
trance to the stadium would be from an elevated es-
planade separated from the parking space consisting
of Europe’s biggest underground car park.[6] The roof
of the stadium has in-built roller blinds which may
be drawn back and forth during games to provide
protection from the sun.
Those translucent panels also allowed the architects to change the appearance
of the stadium by adjusting illumination. Allianz “accentuated what we can do
with light technology,” Niemuth says, “to completely transform these buildings
with the color of lighting instead of just hanging a sign on it.”
01.1aCASE STUDY - THE ALLIANZ ARENA
Case Studies
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
SECONDARY STRUCTURE
120X220 Steel RHS
PRIMARY STRUCTURE
Pre-cast spun concrete
EXTERNAL MEMBRANE
ETFE Cushions
Schizophonic Retreats 12/13
Approximately 120,000 cubic meters of concrete were used to construct the
stadium and 85,000 m³ for the parking lots. We used 22,000 tons of steel for
the construction of the stadium and 14,000 tonnes for the construction of
parking lots, whose area is approximately 270,000 sq meters.
01.1bCASE STUDY - THE ALLIANZ ARENA
available. If the blower fails and water collects during
the resulting cooling process, a type of valve opens at
the lowest point so that the moisture can flow away
before the mass of water overloads the roof construc-
tion.
The roof of the Allianz Arena consists of 2,874
air cushions and has a total surface area of 64,000
square meters. This is the world’s biggest roof made
of foil. The foil is only 0.2 mm thick and up to 98%
UV-permeable. Each cushion has a surface area of
approximately 35 square meters, although none of
the honeycombs made of ethylene tetrafluoroeth-
ylene has precisely the same shape. Giant fans un-
derneath the stadium pump up the cushions and
ensure that there is always an adequate supply of air
Case Studies
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 14/15
The artistry of kinetic sculpture is varied and beautiful. Wind causes these
sculptures to twist and turn, and their counterbalances and carefully weighted
components require only the slightest nudge to begin a random and undulating
movement.
01.2CASE STUDIES - ART INSTALLATIONS
Case Studies
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic RetreatsSound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 16/17
The Singing Ringing Tree is a wind powered sound sculpture resembling a tree
set in the landscape of the Pennine mountain range overlooking Burnley, in
Lancashire, England.
01.2CASE STUDY - THE SINGING RINGING TREE
to erect a series of 21st-century landmarks, or Pano-
pticons (structures providing a comprehensive view),
across East Lancashire as symbols of the renaissance
of the area.
The Singing Ringing Tree is a sound powered
sculpture resembling a tree set in the landscape of
the Pennine mountain range overlooking Burnley,
Lancashire. Designed by architects Mike Tonkin and
Anna Liu of Tonkin Liu, the tree is a 3 metre tall con-
struction with comprising pipes of galvanised steel
which harness the energy of the wind to produce a
slightly discordant and penetrating choral sound
covering a range of several octaves.
The Singing Ringing Tree is a musical structure
found in Lancashire, England, which makes beautiful
tones whenever a light breeze sweeps by its exposed
tubes. With the effect of blowing over the open neck
of a bottle, times a thousand, this structure fills the
air with music. The Singing Ringing Tree makes wind
chimes seem like child toys; its music and organic
shape reawakens a passion for the natural world
that’s unexpected from something constructed out
of such industrial materials.
The Singing Ringing Tree is a wind powered sound
sculpture resembling a tree set in the landscape of
the Pennine mountain range overlooking Burnley, in
Lancashire, England.
Completed in 2006, it is part of the series of four
sculptures within the Panopticons arts and regener-
ation project created by the East Lancashire Environ-
mental Arts Network (ELEAN). The project was set up
The artistry of kinetic sculpture is varied and
beautiful. Wind causes these sculptures to twist
and turn, and their counterbalances and careful-
ly weighted components require only the slightest
nudge to begin a random and undulating movement.
Wind powered art is no longer just a fake wind mill
sitting on your lawn, it now makes up exhibition
pieces in some of the most famous museums the
world over.
It’s interesting how many artists like to empha-
size the combination of natural forces and man
made materials by creating wind powered sculptures
in the shape of trees or organic looking structures.
Some artists go an entirely different direction, how-
ever, by creating sculptures that look entirely alien
and disconnected from nature, until the whistle of
wind through their tubes reveal them to be just as
connected as the rest of us.
Case Studies 16/17
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic RetreatsSound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 18/19
Oceans teem with microscopic organisms that are constantly drifting down
towards the sea bed, attaching to and colonising on the way any hard secure
surface, such as rock outcrops, and thereby creating the basis of a natural reef.
01.3CASE STUDY - UNDERWATER SCULPTURE
modelled after local residents. This will also include
the world’s first kinetic underwater sculpture using
living fan coral.
Apart from this, some of the sculptors are made
with live coral cuttings rescued from areas of the reef
system that have been damaged either from human
activity or from storms. This technique plays a vital
role in reef conservation. Moreover, to ensure the
safety of marine life, Taylor made use of inert pH
neutral environmentally friendly marine cement to
construct the sculptors.
types of sponges, hydroids, corals and thereby cause
overall increase in the reef biomass. This, in turn, can
support an entire marine ecosystem.
The location of the sculptors also allows the re-
covery of the natural reefs in the region as it draws
the visitors away from them thereby providing the
required space for natural rejuvenation.
It was in the year 2006 that Taylor created the
world’s first underwater sculpture park off the coast
of Grenada in the West Indies. Works in the park in-
cludes the Lost Correspondent, Grace Reef and the
Unstill Life.
The Grenada Park was followed by the creation of
the monumental MUSA (Museo Subaquatico de Arte)
museum in Cancun having over 400 unique sculp-
tural works. An additional 60 sculptors will be added
to the museum in July, 2012, many of which will be
Mysterious, attractive and ephemeral; over 400
submerged life-size statues created by Mexico-based
English sculptor Jason deCaires Taylor, off the coast
of Cancún has become the hotspot for tourists and
vacation divers from across the world.
Every year, close to 750,000 visitors travel to the
Cancun Marine Park, situated close to the coast of
Isla Mujeres in Mexico to get a glimpse of these fasci-
nating underwater sculptors.
The exclusive marine park is however not merely
an underwater attraction providing scuba divers an
exciting “subaquatic” experience but is also a haven
for fish and other forms of marine life.
By creating these permanent sculptors, deCaires
Taylor aims to establish a balance between man and
nature by increasing marine biomass and attracting
various fish species to the region. These artificial
reefs becomes a source of attractions for various
Case Studies 18/19
Sound Explorations The Schizophonic Retreats
Schizophonic Retreats 20/21
‘Take the stairs instead of the escalator or elevator and feel better” is some-
thing we often hear or read in the Sunday papers. Few people actually follow
that advice. Can we get more people to take the stairs over the escalator by
making it fun to do?’
01.4CASE STUDY - PIANO STAIRCASE
Volkswagen will soon be launching a website
called thefuntheory.com, which will show various
ways they have attempted to change their behaviour
for the better. Presumably this won’t include driving
less.
Commuters soon opted for the intriguing new
stairway and enjoyed making musical movements as
they ascended up and down the scale.
The car company found 66 per cent more people
than normal chose the musical stairs over the esca-
lator.
A video of the innovation has since become an in-
ternet hit, as the concept resonated with thousands
of web users. A number of people have posted their
own videos on YouTube showing their attempts to be-
come top-flight musicians.
Apart from the fighting fit, most of us struggle
taking the stairs during the morning commute to
work, especially if there is an escalator right next to
them.
Now Volkswagen has come up with a nifty way
of encouraging people to exercise more... by making
climbing the stairs a note-worthy experience.
Overnight, a team transformed the stairs leading
out of the Odenplan subway in Stockholm, Sweden,
into a giant functioning piano keyboard - much like
the piano made famous in the Tom Hanks movie Big.
Applying pressure on each step played a musical
note.
Case Studies