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ELECTRICAL ARC FLASH
HAZARD STUDY
APRIL 2008
Industry Division
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ArcFlash
Estudio de Riesgos
VIDEO LIBERATION OF ENERGY
Study of Risks
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ArcFlash
Estudio de Riesgos
Electrical Arch
We are exposed?
Applicable Regulations
Risks
Incidents
Arc Flash Study
AGENDA
Topics to Covering:
Study of Risks
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ArcFlash
Estudio de Riesgos
ArcFlash
Whats this?
Electrical
Accident
Traffic of current
across the body for
ArcFlash
Direct contact
Indirectcontact
It is a short circuit across the air, produced when :
The insulation between two energized drivers collapses
The same between a wire and earth, provoking an explosion for theliberation of energy
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ArcFlash
Estudio de Riesgos
VIDEO II ARC in 500 kV
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
Accidents of ArcFlashWhere they can happen ?
Distributions
Panels
MV / LV
CenterCenter
Control ofControl of
EnginesEngines
ElectricalElectrical
EnginesEnginesAreasAreas withwith
highhigh
temperaturestemperatures
Areas with HighHigh
Risk of OccurrenceRisk of Occurrence
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
Our Offer
His Purpose .
To minimize the ocurrence and consequence of accidents
for ArcFlash
To determine reliable procedures of operation
To define levels of appropiate PPE
To normalize a program of permanent training
The PurposePurpose of
Our StudyOur Study
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
WE ARE EXPOSED?
WE AREEXPOSED?Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
WE ARE EXPOSED?
Isnt this a common situation in your plant?
Study of Risks
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Divisin Industria
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
WE ARE EXPOSED?
Isnt this a common situation in your plant?
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
WE ARE EXPOSED?
Isnt this a common situation in your plant?
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
ARC FLASH REASONS
The contact with parts under voltage for fall of tools
Insulations fault
Overvoltage
Dirt
Corrosion
Condensation
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
NORMS
NORMSStudy of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
ARCFLASHApplicable Regulations
Applicable Regulations :
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
ARCFLASHApplicable Regulations
Applicable Regulations :
NFPA 70E Part II Articles 110 and 130
require a flash hazard analysis be performed
to protect qualified electrical personnel
National Electrical Code NFPA 70 Article
110.16 requires equipment be marked to warnpersonnel of arc flash hazards
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
OSHA 29CFR1910.269(I)(6) discussesappropriate PPE apparel to protect against
arc flash hazards
The 2004 s version of IEEE 1584a
provides precise methods for ArcFlash 's
calculation.
Procedures and safeties measurements specified
by each company
ARCFLASHApplicable Regulations
Applicable Regulations :
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
RISKS
RISKSStudy of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
Produce thermal energy that is released during a faultand is a function of:
Available fault current and system voltage
Distance from fault
Clearing time of protective device
May generate higher energy at lower system voltages
(due to longer time arc fault current duration)
Electrical Arc Flash Hazards
Study of Risks
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TYPES OF RISKS FOR ARC FLASH
There are principally five ways in which an electrical
ArcFlash can to cause damage and even the death:
Thermal Risk
Risk of Pressure
Risk of Hearing
Risk for Missiles
Risk for Inhalation
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
ARCO ELECTRICO
Waves of Pressure
Steam of Copper:
Occurred to
Steam It expandsto factor of
67.000 times
Molten Metal
Intense Light
Warm air
Rapid expansion
20.000C
Missil
Waves of sound
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
INCIDENTS of ARCFLASH
INCIDENTSStudy of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
INCIDENTES POR ARCFLASH
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
INCIDENT for ARCFLASH
ArcFlash s Incident
System of 480Volt
22,600 Amper Symmetrical Current
Panel of Motors Control
It comes out of 6 cycles (0.1 sec)
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
RESULT OF AN ACCIDENT FORARCFLASH
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
INCIDENT for ARCFLASH
480 Volt System
22,600 22,600A Symmetrical Current
Panel of Motors Control
Limiter equipment with < cycle of operation (.0083 sec).
To notice that the exhaust will have to be kept in the range
of limit of current
INCIDENT for ARCFLASH
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
VIDEO
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
VIDEO
ARC FLASH s INCIDENTStudy of Risks
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VIDEO
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
VIDEO
Study of Risks
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AGENDA
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
AGENDA
ARC FLASHSTUDY
Study of Risks
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WHAT IS A STUDY OF RISK FOR ARC FLASH?
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
WHAT IS A STUDY OF RISK FOR ARC FLASH?
Definition:
The NFPA 70E defines a study ofrisks for ArcFlash as :
A study where is investigated the potential exhibition
of a workman to the energy caused by an electrical
arch
To anticipate injuries ,
With the aim of:
To determine sure procedures of operation ,
Levels of appropriate PPE .
Study of Risks
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WHAT IS THE MINIMAL DISTANCE OF
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
PROTECTION ?
Definition:
The NFPA 70E defines a minimal distance of protection as:
Distance, from the critical point, inside which aDistance, from the critical point, inside which a
person can suffer burns of second degree due toperson can suffer burns of second degree due to
an accident for Arc Flashan accident for Arc Flash ..
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PPE as cal/cm2
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PPE as cal/cm2
PPE Selection
Range of Calculated Incident
Energy (cal/cm)
Clothing
Class No. Clothing Description, (No. of Layers)
Total Weight
(oz/yd)
0 2 0 Untreated Cotton (1) 4.5 7
2 - 5 1 FR Shirt and Pants (1) 4.5 - 8
5 - 8 2A Cotton Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants (2) 9 - 12
5 - 16 2B FR Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants (2) 10 - 14
8 - 25 3
Cotton Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants plus
FR Coverall (3) 16 - 20
25 - 40 4Cotton Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants plus
Double Layer Switching Coat (4)24 - 30
Protective Clothing Guidelines, from Predicting Incident Energy to Better Manage the Electric Arc Hazard on 600-
V Power Distribution Systems,Table III, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, J an./Feb. 2000
Proposed Protective Clothing Classes FR Clothing System
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
(one per analysis point)
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
Customer to Provide:
One line diagram of power delivery
system
Current copy of power system short
circuit study and coordination study
Single point of contact to establish each
analysis point with our power systems
engineer
Input on typical working distances
desired for each location or default toapplicable standards
Purchase order authorizing Siemens to
proceed
Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study
Study of Risks
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SUMMARY
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SUMMARY
Siemens Solutions :
Step #2: The short circuit study of the energy system.
Step #3: Analysis of the current state of the protection system
Step #4: Coordination study of the protection system.
Step #1: Generation/Review of unifilar complete of the plant
Step #5: Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study.
Step #6: Identify equipment locations that exceed available
PPE ratings
Step #7: Presentation of the Program of Electrical Security
Step #8: Annual maintenance
Your success is our aimYour success is our aim
Study of Risks
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
Sample of Customer Deliverable :
Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study
Arc Energy calculations
Example Customer Summary of Incident Energy CalculationsIncident Energy in cal/cm2 and Working Distance
Marzo 18, 2004Voltage
Normal
Operation
Normal
Operation
Working
Distance
Arc Flash
Boundary
Location kV J/cm2 cal/cm2 inches feet
12.47 kV Main Switchgear 12,47 129,2 30,9 36,0 84
Unit Sub #1 480 V Main Breaker 0,48 474,4 113,4 24,0 43
Unit Sub #1 480 V Bus 0,48 55,3 13,2 24,0 10MCC A 0,48 84,1 20,1 12,0 5
MCC B 0,48 64,5 15,4 12,0 4
Panel 16 0,48 52,5 12,5 12,0 4
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study
Study of Risks
Customer Benefits
Reduced risk of employee injury or death due to arc flashhazards
Possible revisions to customer system protection to limit
equipment damage Provides critical safety information for subcontractorsentering facility
Possible reduction in workers compensation andinsurance claims
Demonstrates company effort to satisfy OSHA and NFPAregulations
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
A BENEFICIAL RELATION
Thank you very much for your attention.
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ENERGY CONTACTS inARGENTINA Arc Flash
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ArcFlashEstudio de Riesgos
ARGENTINA Arc Flash
Pablo Donajger
0054 - 011 - 4738 7333
Pablo David
0054 011 - 4738 7209Study of Risks
Industry Division
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mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]