Download - April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice
![Page 1: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
April 27, 2012Presented by: Andy Justice
SWEDE Southwest Electric Distribution Exchange
“The Evolution of Distribution Switchgear”
![Page 2: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
B1
Switchgear 1
NC NCS2
NC
NO
S3S4B2
Breaker
• WHY USE SWITCHES ?
Loop system with sectionalizing switches
3-wayUnit
Switching & Manual Sectionalizing
Reliability Basics
![Page 3: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3-wayUnit
B1
Switchgear 1
NC NCS2
NC
NO
S3S4B2
BreakerLocks Out
Switching & Manual Sectionalizing• WHY USE SWITCHES ?
Reliability Basics
![Page 4: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• WHY USE IT?
3-wayUnit
B1
Switchgear 1
OPEN NCS2
NC
CLOSE
S3S4B2
Manual Sectionalizing Allows Faster Restoration of Power to Unfaulted Portions of the Underground Loop
Switching & Manual Sectionalizing
BreakerLocks Out
Reliability Basics
![Page 5: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Common Interrupting Mediums:– Oil– Air– SF6– Vacuum
• Insulation Mediums:– Air Insulated (AIS)– Oil– Combination Air and Gas– Gas (SF6)– Solid Dielectric
Switchgear Design Overview
Switchgear Design Overview
![Page 6: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Air Switchgear Concerns
• Outages due to Corrosion, Animals, Dirt, Flashovers, Lack of Maintenance and Moisture
• Longer outage times to replace and upgrade
• Larger Equipment Footprint
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 7: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Oil Switchgear Concerns
• Oil is vaporized and gas extinguishes arc
• Old technology – Outages due to lack of maintenance and loss of insulation
• Environmental issue of Oil Spill
• Safety Concern/Risk associated with Fires
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 8: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SF6 Switchgear Concerns
• Outages due to loss of insulation, low gas pressure levels, low temperature and lack of maintenance.
• Environmental concerns – green house gases
• Difficult to fit into confined spaces
• Gas Disposal Issues
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 9: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Air, SF6 and Oil Switchgear Summary
• Larger Footprints• Sensitive to Environment and Contaminates• Frequent maintenance/monitoring Required• Higher Risk of Failure• Higher Risk of Fire• Higher Costs for Maintenance Staff & Switching• Longer Outages to Repair/Replace
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 10: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Desire for alternate mediums after WWII due to unavailability of Porcelain and Glass Insulators
• Epoxy Resin Current & Voltage Transformers were introduced in Europe in the 1947
• In 1952 Polymer insulation casting was introduced in USA• GE began a material study in 1954 & from there insulator trials began• Ethylene-Propylene introduced in 1962• In 1965, Cycloaliphatic Epoxy was applied in outdoor applications • In 1966, first few air-blast breaker insulators were made out of
fiberglass reinforced Epoxy• Since the 1960’s, EPDM rubber experienced rapid growth• In 1996 Elastimold introduced the first Solid Dielectric Switchgear
Design
Solid Dielectric Insulation Background
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 11: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Dielectric strength• Mechanical strength• Impact strength• Light weight• Thermal shock resistance• Tracking resistance• Inertness to contamination & weathering• Consistent and easy manufacturing processing• Economic• Reliability
Solid Dielectric Desirable Properties
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 12: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
0.5
3
3
11
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Vacuum
EPDM Rubber
SF6 Gas
Oil
Air
Vacuum = ~1/2”Dielectric in Inches
HIGH DIELECTRIC STRENGTH
Example:38kV
150 kV BIL
0.5
0.5
3
3
11
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Vacuum
EPDM Rubber
SF6 Gas
Oil
Air
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 13: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1. SAFETY
2. RELIABILITY
3. OPERATIONAL FLEXIBILITY
4. ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY
Overall Design Principles
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 14: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1. Increased Safety– Dead-Front Construction – Insulated and shielded product with not
high-voltage exposed components– Not dependent on oil, gases or air for proper isolation from high
voltage
2. Reliability– Utilizes Maintenance-Free Vacuum and EPDM Molded Insulation
Technology which has over 50 years of field proven performance– Fewer Outages and significantly Lower Outage Durations– All Switchgear Components are Sealed and Fully Submersible
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 15: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
3. Operational Flexibility – Compact and Lightweight Design allows installation in tight spaces– Modular Design allows combining with other devices
• Interchangeable, Upgradeable, Customer Configurable• Less Inventory (Stock Common Components)
– Non-Position Sensitive so it can be installed anywhere & in any orientation
– Overall Lower Cost of Ownership
4. Environmentally Friendly– No oils or gases to monitor, maintain or dispose of – EPDM Rubber is a GREEN solution; Contains no greenhouse
gases, such as SF6
Solid Dielectric Design Principles
![Page 16: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Switchgear Applications & Configurations
![Page 17: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Typical Configurations
Padmount Subsurface
Riser Pole Vault
Switchgear Applications & Configurations
![Page 18: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
New Modular Design Switchgear
![Page 19: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
• New Modular Design Switchgear will provide solutions to:– Installations with confined vault spaces– Modular Design Retrofits– Ease of installation– Unlimited number of ways– Configuration flexibility– Upgradable– Provide Overall installation cost savings
New Modular Switchgear
![Page 20: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• Up to 35 kV rating for both Load-Break Switches and Fault Interrupting Devices
New Modular Switchgear
Interrupters Load Switches
Standard Buses Bar Connection
![Page 21: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
New Modular Switchgear
Unlimited number of ways and configurations
![Page 22: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Modular Design Retrofits
New Modular Switchgear
![Page 23: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
New Modular Switchgear
![Page 24: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Motor Operator Control
![Page 25: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Motor Control System – Motor Installation
Motor Operator Control
![Page 26: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Motor Control System Overview
Motor Operator Control
![Page 27: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Control and Automation Advances
![Page 28: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Stand Alone Controls
Automation Controls
Auto-Transfer Controls
Control and Automation Advances
Protection & Automation Controls
![Page 29: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Switchgear Accessories
![Page 30: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Voltage Sensors Components
200A Source Input ElbowsBushing Extenders for
other phases w/o PT Cable Connection
Voltage Sensor
Note:No angle correction (offset) with Elastimold resistive style Voltage Sensors making them compatible with SEL Control Voltage Inputs.
Automation Controls
![Page 31: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Start Up Connections:1. Insert the Voltage Sensors into
the 600A Elbow and tighten using a 600ATM Assembly Tool (See IS-1127).
2. Connect all the Voltage Sensors to the corresponding marked cables from the Switch Motor Box.
Note: Connections are based on Motor
Operator being supplied as a system. If Motor Operators are not packaged as a system, the Voltage Sensors will plug directly into the Control.
Voltage Sensors
Voltage Sensor Cables
Cables From Control
Cables From Control
Cables From Motor Box
Automation Controls
![Page 32: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Voltage Sensors View
Automation Controls
![Page 33: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Solid Dielectric Deadfront
Control Power Transformer
Transformer 7000 -7620/116 127V
(60:1 Ratio)
Automation Controls
![Page 34: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
• Select State-of-the-art technology and suppliers with strong commitment to customer support.
• Utilize Solid Dielectric insulation and vacuum switching/ interruption which translate into small footprint and maintenance free Equipment.
• Specify that the Switchgear be fully submersible and feature deadfront construction for increased safety of operation.
• Supplier needs to provide a wide range of configurations that fits multiple application needs and contributes to improve the reliability and operating performance of underground distribution systems.
• Look for Modular Platforms and Designs in order to Maximum Flexibility and allow Future Expansion.
Summary of Switchgear Selection Considerations
![Page 35: April 27, 2012 Presented by: Andy Justice](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062323/568165d7550346895dd8e6fe/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Questions?
Advances in Underground System Automation
SWEDE Southwest Electric Distribution Exchange