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Cody J. Gray, Ph.D.Field Development, Aquatics Specialist
United Phosphorus, Inc.
Approval of New Labels for Aquathol and Hydrothol
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Label Updates
• No fishing restrictions
• No swimming restrictions
• No restrictions on irrigating food crops
• No restrictions on irrigating non-food crops (lawns, landscaped areas, golf courses, etc.)
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Irrigation Restrictions
• No supplemental label will be issued addressing the removal of the irrigation restrictions.
• Must have new product with the new labels!!!
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New 2010 Products
• Introducing two new products for use in irrigation canals…
– Cascade Aquatic Herbicide
– Teton Aquatic Algicide and Herbicide
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The Difference
• Cascade– Vascular plant herbicide– Will not directly control algae, but will have
an indirect effect
• Teton– Vascular plant herbicide and algicide– Will control algae at 0.15-0.3 ppm
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Laboratory Studies Conducted
Results:
- Sago Pondweed susceptible to endothall
1.0 ppm / 24 hrs2.0 ppm / 12 hrs3.0 ppm / 8 hrs
- Effective in cool water temperatures 55 to 65o F
Can vary water quality
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Common Symptomology
4 WAT 8 WAT
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5 DAT0 DAT
14 DAT 35 DAT
2007 & 2008 Small-Scale Research Canals
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Treated: June 10, 2008 2 ppm for 8 hrs
28 Days After Treatment
Jerome, ID 2008
Canal was weed-free for 16 WAT
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2009 Greeley, CO
0 DAT 17 DAT40 cfs treated at 3 ppm for 8 hrs
9 miles from application site
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Twin Falls, ID – Section 18 Endothall Application 6/16/09
• Planned an 8 hour injection at 3 ppm endothall in the main canal ~ 1900 CFS– 12 hour injection closer to 2 ppm
• Research questions:– How far will phytotoxic residues move?– Will the treatment move through the system in a large
block or will it become too diluted?– Does endothall penetrate dense plant beds?
• Channels?– Efficacy
• Water temperatures ranged from 56 to 64o F
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Application Equipment
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Initial SamplingInjection site – 0700 – 2000 hrs (13 hr)Forks 9 miles
Measured between 2 and 3 ppm at Forks (1500 to 0500 hrs)
-No appreciable loss of product
-At forks – canal splitInto hi-line & lo-line
Day 1 – Target residues ~15 mi. downsteam
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Day 2 - Additional Drip Stations• Due to uncertainties with this first large-scale
treatment– Additional treatment stations were placed on the
Hi Line & Lo Line to add 1.0 ppm endothall from 0100 to 1300 hrs
• Result: Downstream residues ranged from 2.6 to 3.4 ppm up to 25 miles from the forks– 34 miles from the original drip station– Extra stations increased the conc. by ~1.0 ppm– Concentrations in laterals = main canals
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Additional application sites
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Day 2 Sampling
• Complete clearance of endothall at ~18 miles past the injection site (0800 hrs)
• Fairly distinct head and tail of the treatment plume was noted– ~18 mile area with endothall between 2 & 3.7 ppm– A leading edge of ~1 mile with lower endothall
residues was detected (0.3 to 1.2 ppm)
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Endothall levels heldsteady at 35 miles past the injection site.
No loss of endothall as water passed through the power stations
Endothall penetrated dense Sago beds
Day 2 Summary
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Day 3 Sampling• Detected endothall at
tail end of Lateral 2– 3.0 ppm at 63 miles from
the initial injection point• Detected endothall at
tail end of Lateral 5A– 2.4 ppm at 67 miles from
the initial injection point• Very limited
degradation and the treatment block remained largely intact– No large head or tail
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Lateral 17 Canal13 Miles from Initial Injection
Day of Treatment
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Lateral 17 Canal13 Miles from Initial Injection
21 Days After Treatment
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Low-Line Canal45 Miles from Initial Injection
Day of Treatment
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Low-Line Canal45 Miles from Initial Injection
7 Days After Treatment
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Low-Line Canal45 Miles from Initial Injection
14 Days After Treatment
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Low-Line Canal45 Miles from Initial Injection
21 Days After Treatment
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Detweiler Pond28 Miles from Initial Injection
Day of Treatment
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Detweiler Pond28 Miles from Initial Injection
8 Weeks After Treatment
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Efficacy Summary
• 8-10 weeks after treatment (WAT)– control was >90-95% throughout system
• 12-13 WAT– control was 80-85% throughout system
• 15-16 WAT (season-long)– control was 70-75% throughout system
• Did notice horned pondweed emergence about 8-10 WAT, but did not interfere with flow
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Cascade Results• Some locations may require 2 apps/yr
• No crop or fish complaints because of treatment
• Greater than 1,000 total miles of canal controlled
• Some minor touch ups were needed in shallow water (1-3 ft)
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Summary• The endothall injection resulted in treatment
of essentially the entire TFCC system
• Cooler water limited degradation of endothall
• Product remained in a fairly defined treatment block (no significant head or tail)
• Endothall penetrated dense plant beds and saw no degradation through power plants
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Teton Application
11 Weeks after Treatment
2 ppm a.e. Teton @ 8 hrs
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Cascade + Teton Application0.85 ppm a.i. Cascade + 0.15 ppm a.e. Teton
11 Weeks after Treatment
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AcknowledgmentsU.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Dr. Mike Netherland Jeremy Slade
Twin Falls Canal CompanyBrian Olmstead
North Side Canal CompanyLarry Pennington
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Questions?