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Topic of Presentation: Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS
in Agriculture
ByREHANA KHALIQ
Lucian Blaga University Sibiu
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Geographic Information System A GIS is a computer system capable of capturing,
storing, analyzing, and displaying geographically referenced information; that is, data identified according to location.
Practitioners also define a GIS as including the procedures, operating personnel, and spatial data that go into the system.
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A GIS makes it possible to link, or integrate, information that is difficult to associate through any other means.
Thus, a GIS can use combinations of mapped variables to build and analyze new variables.
GIS is most useful when used to perform data analysis
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First developed in North America, particularly the U.S. and Canada in the mid-1960s
Previously been used in natural resources and environmental research
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GIS: OLD AND NEWGIS: OLD AND NEW
Traditional GIS
MAP TYPEWRITERMANUAL DRAFING TOOLS
New GIS
COMPUTER PLOTTER CD-ROM
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the real world has a lot of spatial data◦ manipulation, analysis and modeling can be effective
and efficiently carried out with a GIS the neighborhood of the intended purchase of house the route for fire-fighting vehicles to the fire area location of historical sites to visit the earth surface for purposes of army
the earth surface is a limited resource rational decisions on space utilization fast and quality information in decision making
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complexity of management◦ due to the need to combine and process many sets of data,
in addition to judge as many as possible, situation that might happen.
intense competition◦ the need to use technology in making decisions and
strategy in the world of intense competition.
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GIS
USES
VARIOUS DATASOURCES
VARIOUS DATAFORMATS
AND
MAPS IMAGEDIGITAL
PRODUCTSGPS
TEXTDATA
TABULARDATA
MAPS
DATABASE
REPORTS
1
2
4 43
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•Data Acquisition and prepossessing•Database Management and Retrieval•Spatial Measurement and Analysis•Graphic output and Visualization
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• Maximize the efficiency of planning and decision making
• Provide efficient means for data distribution and handling
• Elimination of redundant data base - minimize duplication
• Capacity to integrate information from many sources
• Complex analysis/query involving geographical referenced data to generate
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Geospatial data are better maintained in a standard format.
Revision and updating are easier. Geospatial data and information are easier to search,
analysis and represent. More value added product. Geospatial data can be shared and exchanged freely. Productivity of the staff improved and more efficient. Time and money are saved. Better decision can be made.
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Facilities Management: Locating underground pipes & cables, planning facility
maintenance, telecommunication network services Environmental and Natural Resources
Management: Environmental impact analysis, disaster management and mitigation
Street Network: Locating houses and streets, car navigation,
transportation planning Planning and Engineering: Urban planning, regional planning, development of
public facilities Land Information: Taxation, zoning of land use, land acquisition
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Remote Sensing:◦ The art and science of obtaining information about an
object without physically contact between the object and sensor
◦ The processes of collecting information about Earth surfaces and phenomena using sensors not in physical contact with the surfaces and phenomena of interest.
◦ There is a medium of transmission involved i.e. Earth’s Atmosphere.
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Energy Source or Illumination (A)
Radiation and the Atmosphere (B)
Interaction with the Target (C)
Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D)
Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E)
Interpretation and Analysis (F)
Application (G) Source: Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing
Remote Sensing Process Components
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Agriculture Forestry Geology Hydrology Sea Ice Land Cover & Land Use Mapping Oceans & Coastal Monitoring
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Source: Jensen (2000)
Application DomainApplication Domain
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Use of Remote Sensing and GIS technology in these areas of sustainable agricultural management.
Cropping system map generated through integrated use of temporal digital satellite data and GIS
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Urbanization & Transportation◦ Updating road maps◦ Asphalt conditions◦ Wetland delineation
Agriculture◦ Crop health analysis◦ Precision agriculture◦ Compliance mapping◦ Yield estimation
Natural Resource Management◦ Habitat analysis◦ Environmental assessment◦ Pest/disease outbreaks◦ Impervious surface mapping◦ Lake monitoring◦ Hydrology◦ Landuse-Landcover monitoring◦ Mineral province◦ Geomorphology
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AgricultureAgriculture
• Crop acreage estimation
• Crop modeling for yield &
production forecast / estimation
• Crop & Orchard monitoring
Scope
• Timely availability of crop
statistics for decision making &
planning
• Crop growth monitoring
• Soil status monitoring
• Regular reports regarding total
area under cultivation
Benefits
Banana Plantation – Muhammad Pur (Ghotki)Banana Plantation – Muhammad Pur (Ghotki)
FFC Goth Macchi FFC Goth Macchi
Mar 05, 2006, RecoveryJan 12, 2006, DamageDec 16, 2005, Pre-Frost
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ForestryForestry
• Satellite image based forest
resource mapping and updation
• Forest change detection
• Forest resource inventory
• GIS database development
Scope
• Availability of baseline information
• Planning for aforestation strategies
• Futuristic resource planning
• Sustainability of environment
• Wild life conservation & development
for recreation purpose
Benefits Sarhad Reserve Forest (Ghotki)
NausharoFiroz
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Landuse / Landcover MappingLanduse / Landcover Mapping
• Monitoring dynamic changes
• Urban/Rural infrastructure
• Waterlogging & salinity
Scope
• Assessment of spatial distribution of
land resources
• Infrastructure monitoring
• Availability of usable land
• Future planning for better land
management for socio-economic
development
Benefits
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Urban & Regional PlanningUrban & Regional Planning
• Mapping & updation of
city/town maps
• Urban sprawl monitoring
• Town planning
• Facility management
• GIS database development
Scope
Lyari Express Way – Section (Essa Nagri)Lyari Express Way – Section (Essa Nagri)
• Better decision support, planning
& management
• Rapid information updation
• Infrastructure development
monitoring
• Spatial information analysis
Benefits
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Expensive to build and operate!!!! Measurement uncertainty can be large Data interpretation can be difficult
need to understand theoretically how the instrument is making the measurements
need to understand measurement uncertainties
need to have some knowledge of the phenomena you are sampling
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Recent developments in remote sensing and GIS hold much promise to enhance integrated management of all available information and the extraction of desired information to promote sustainable agriculture and development.
GIS is considered one of the important tools for decision making in problem solving environment dealing with geo-information.
Remotely sensed images can be used to identify nutrient deficiencies, diseases, water deficiency or surplus, weed infestations, insect damage, hail damage, wind damage, herbicide damage, and plant populations.
Remote Sensing and GIS technology is very effective tool for suggesting action plans /management strategies for agricultural sustainability of any region.
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thanks!!!
The end