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APES 11.13 and 11.16Prepare for a warm-up in your lab book!
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Warm-Up 11/13 and 16Copy and fill in the this table!
# offspring
Type of pop. growth
Limiting factors
Factors are biotic or abiotic
R-strategists
K-strategists
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Learning Targets
I can create and analyze survivorship curves for type I, II and III species
I can relate survivorship curves to r and K-selected species
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Life Tables and Insurance
http://www.ispot.tv/ad/7IhP/prudential-age-stickers
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Survivorship Curve Relationship
between death & age for different species
Type I Death = old age
Type II same mortality rate in every age group
Type III Death = young age
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Survivorship Curves Lab
You need: A group of 3 Bubbles A cardboard frame A timer Graph paper
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Ecosystem Roles
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The Niche
Niche = an organism’s role in an ecosystem Ex: mushrooms are decomposers living on
tree stumps Analogy: baseball players
can be pitchers, catchers,
shortstops, etc.
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Niche VIPs
Indicator species = provide an early warning that damage to an ecosystem is occurring Very sensitive to abiotic factors i.e. amphibians (dependent on water and land-
exposure to pesticides, etc.) Keystone species = have a disproportionate
negative effect when they go extinct i.e. pollinators like bees, predators like alligators
that keep lower level consumer pops in check
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Competition
Competition = fighting for limited resources
Intraspecific Competition = within a species Ex: songbirds
competing for nesting sites
Looks like this one lost the battle!
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More Competition
Interspecific Competition = between two or more species Ex.: douglas fir,
western hemlock, cedar and alder all compete for water and sunlight
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Competitive Exclusion Principle
Competitive Exclusion Principle = no two species can occupy the same niche in the same place
One species will out-compete the other, leading to evolution or extinction
Natural E. coli out-competes foreign bacteria in your stomach, keeping you healthy…unless the foreign bacteria wins!
Then you get food poisoning
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Range of Tolerance
A range of tolerance is an optimal range of abiotic conditions where a species can survive Conditions = temperature, salinity, pressure, light, Decides which organisms survive where
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Range of Tolerance
• Ex.: salmon can only live in cool, fast-running water. When dams are built, water becomes stagnant and warm, killing salmon
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Due Next Time
November Current Event! (directions online) Yellowstone Park’s Grey Wolf FRQ on
separate paper
FYI: Thursday 11/19: smallish unit test Modules 14, 19, 21 and any notes (AP level) Modules 15, 16, 18, 20 (definitions only)