Download - Ap 11 invertebrates
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Inve
rtebr
ates
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Porifera• Fw & m• Suspension feeders• Lack true tissue• Asymmetrical • Sequential
hermaphrodites – (1 then other)
• Produce antibiotics & other defensive cmpds – (Pettit @ AzSU cribostatin – can kill penicillin
resistant strains of Strep & looking for anticancer cmpds)
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Cnidarians
• True tissue• Gastrovascular cavity
(mouth = anus)• 2 forms: polyp &
medusa• Cnidocytes • Nematocysts
(stinging cells)
4 classes:
Hydroz
oa
Cubozo
a
Antho
zoa
Scypho
zoa
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Hydrozoa
• Most m, few fw• Polyp & medusa stages
in most sp• Polyp stage often
colonial
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Scyphozoa
• All m• Polyp reduced• Free swimming medusa • Up to 2m in d
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Cubozoa
• All m• Box-shaped medusa• Highly toxic cnidocytes– Sea wasp (Chironex
fleckeri) n Australia• Intense pain• Respiratory failure• Cardiac arrest• Death w/in min• Amt of poison in 1 org can
kill 60 people
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Anthozoa
• All m• Medusa absent• Most sessile• Many colonial
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Platyhelminthes
• Bilateral symmetry• Free living &
parasitic• Microscopic -20m• Triploblastic• Acoelomate
4 classes:
Turbel
laria
Trema
toda
Cestod
a
Monoge
nea
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Turbellaria
• Mostly m, some fw, few terr
• Predators & scavengers• Body surface ciliated
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Monogenea
• M & fw parasites• Most infect surfaces of
fishes• Simple life history• Ciliated larva starts host
infection
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Trematoda
• Parasites of mainly verts• 2 suckers attach to host• Most life cycles include
intermediate hosts
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Cestoda• Parasites of verts• Scolex attaches to
host• Proglottids prod eggs
and break off after fert
• No head of digestive system
• Lc with 1 or more intmdt host
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Rotifers
• Specialized organ systems• Alimentary canal
(digestive tube w/2 openings)
• Psuedocoelomate• Parthenogenesis (only
females – make only females from unfert eggs)
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Lophophorates
• Lophophore – horseshoe-shaped or circular crown of ciliated tentacles that surround mouth
• Coelomates
Ectoprocts - bryozoans
Phoronids – tube-dwelling marine worms
Brachiopods – lamp shells – dorsal /ventral shells instead of bivalve lateral
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Nermeteans
• Proboscis & ribbon worms
• Acoelomate• 1mm-sev m• Some toxic• Motly m• Swim or burrow• Closed circulatory
system, no heart
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Molluscs
• Mostly m, some fw, some terr• Soft bodied• Most protected by CaCO3 shell, some have
reduced, internal shell or no shell• Muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle, radula• Trochophore (ciliated larval stage)• 4 classes:
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Chitons
• Polyplacophora• M• Shell w/8 plates• Foot for locomotion• Radula• No head
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Gastropods
• Torsion• Asymmetrical body• Foot for locomotion• Radula
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Bivalves
• M & fw• Flattened shell w/2 halves• Head reduced• No radula• Paired gills• Most suspension feeders• Mantle forms siphons
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Cephalopods
• Head surrounded by grasping tentacles• Locomotion by jet propulsion using siphon
made from foot• Only mollusc w/ closed circ sys
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Annelids
• Segmented worms, fw & damp soil• Length <1mm-3m• 3groups:
Oligochaeta Polychaeta HirudineaReduced headNo parapodiachaeta
Well developed headEach segment has parapodia w/chaetaTube dwelling & free living
Body flattenedReduced coelom and segChaetae abSuckers @ ant & post endsParasites, predators & scavengers
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Nematodes
• Roundworms• most widespread of all animals• Cuticle – tough outer coat• Alimentary canal• No circ sys, nut spread thru fluid in psd-c• Soil• Trichinosis
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Arthropods
• Hard exoskeleton (protein + chitin)– Molting/ecdysis
• Jointed appendages• Open circ sys• 4 groups:
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Cheliceriformes
• 1-2 main body parts• 6 prs of appendages• Mostly terr or m
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• Herbivorous• 2 prs walking legs/segment
•Distinct head w/antenna •Chewing mouth parts•Terr
Myriapoda
Millipedes Centipedes• Carnivorous• 1 pr walking legs/segment• Poison claws on first body
segment
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Hexapoda• 3 body segments• Antenna present• Mouthparts modified
for chewing, sucking or lapping
• 3 prs of legs• Us. 2 prs of wings• Mostly terr
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Crustacea
• Body 2-3 parts• Antenna pres• Chewing mouthparts• 3+ prs of legs• Mostly m & fw
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Deuterostomes
Echinoderms• Spiny skin• Slow moving or sessile• Water vascular sys• Tube feet• Radial (adult) bilateral
(larvae)• 6 groups
Chordates• Doral hollow nerve cord• Notochord• Post anal tail• Pharyngeal slits