Mooring Line Monitoring to Reduce the Risk ofReduce the Risk of Line Failure20th February 2014
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AgendaAgenda
• Introduction – Facts & Figures
• Mooring monitoring• Case study• Conclusion
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Mooring Line Integrity ManagementMooring Line Integrity Management
Number of FPUs
Introduction
• Number of FPUs increasing
• Deeper water harsher• Deeper water-harsher environments-climate changeg
• 20+ mooring incidents since 2001
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Mooring Line Integrity ManagementMooring Line Integrity Management
Mooring failures versus installed FPUs5400
4300
acili
ties
3
200
ng fa
ilure
s
rodu
ctio
n Fa
1
2
100
Moo
ri
Floa
ting
Pr
002000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
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Floating Production Facilities Mooring Failures Linear (Mooring Failures)
Mooring Line Integrity ManagementMooring Line Integrity Management
Wear: Damage
Mechanisms contributing to failure
• Wear:– Component rubbing
• Fatigue:
• Damage• Strength
E i T i• Fatigue:– Axial and bending stress
• Abrasion:
• Excessive Tension:– Severe environmental
conditionsAbrasion:– Contact with sediment
• Corrosion:
conditions• Operational:
Various i eCo os o– Common in splash zone
– Various, i.eDisconnect failure
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Mooring Line Integrity ManagementMooring Line Integrity Management
Fairlead/ hawse pipe
Typical failure locations
• Fairlead/ hawse pipe• Shackles/ H-links
B l i ht t i l t• Buoys, clump weights, tri-plates• Thrash zone
Wh li d d i t• Where line descends into seabed 2006- Noble Denton Europe Limited- “FPS Mooring
Integrity”
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Mooring Line Integrity ManagementMooring Line Integrity Management
Location of mooring integrity incidents
5%5%
Chain
C t ( h kl H
47%19%
Connector(shackle, H-link, Triplate etc)Wire Rope
24%
Polyester Rope
Yoke Column24%
www.pulse-monitoring.com2013- Kai-Tung Ma et al- “Historical Review on Integrity Issues of Permanent Mooring Systems”
Mooring Line Integrity ManagementMooring Line Integrity Management
Vessel drift
Consequences of mooring failure
• Vessel drift• Riser rupture
P d ti h td• Production shutdown• Hydrocarbon release
C t f i i• Cost of repairing damaged lines
2006- Noble Denton Europe Limited- “FPS Mooring Integrity”
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Mooring Line Integrity ManagementMooring Line Integrity ManagementRecent mooring failures in APAC
HYSY 113
Liuhua
Rubicon VantageNan Hai Fa Xian
Rubicon Vantage
FPSO Kikeh
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SO e
Cyclones in AustraliaCyclones in Australia
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FPSOs in AustraliaFPSOs in AustraliaGlas Dowr
Northern Endeavour
Montara Venture
Ichthys
Prelude
Maersk Ngujima-Yin
Modec Venture 11
Armada ClaireNganhurraOhka
StybarrowMaersk Ngujima Yin
NingalooVision
Pyrenees Venture
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InspectionInspection
Main focus is on inspection and
Overview
• Main focus is on inspection and maintenance
• Visual ROV & 3D camera• Visual, ROV & 3D camera inspection– Marine growth, Missing stud, Mud g , g ,
line– Change in Geometry, Line
length Damagelength, Damage
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InspectionInspection
Pros:
Pros & cons
• Pros: – Immediate Results– Non-Invasive– Non-Invasive – Limited Interruption to
Production
• Cons:– Not Quantitative– Hidden Defects – Not Instant Warning
N d f T i Hi t
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– No record of Tension History
Mooring Line MonitoringMooring Line Monitoring
Benefits
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Mooring Line MonitoringMooring Line Monitoring
• Instrumented chain stopper (load cell)
Monitoring Options
• Instrumented chain stopper (load cell)• In-line tension (strain gauge on chain link)• Line inclination• Line inclination• Sonar • GPS Position Monitoring• GPS Position Monitoring
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Mooring Line MonitoringMooring Line Monitoring
• Fewer design requirements
Inclination monitoring
• Fewer design requirements• Inclinometers• Measure angle• Measure angle• Calculate tension using look-
up tablesup tables• Acoustic communication• RetrofittableRetrofittable
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Case study: FPSO in South ChinaCase study: FPSO in South China Sea
• Region of frequent typhoons-
Overview
• Region of frequent typhoons-number of recent failures
• STP buoySTP buoy• 9 mooring lines (3 sets of 3)• Retrofitted to FPSO inRetrofitted to FPSO in
operation• First ever diver installable
inclination system
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Case study: FPSO in South ChinaCase study: FPSO in South China Sea
Magnetic holderSystem overview Magnetic holder for acoustic DAU
Acoustic receiverMagnetic clamps attach cable to vessel
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Case study: FPSO in South ChinaCase study: FPSO in South China Sea
• 9 Acoustic loggers
Data loggers
• 9 Acoustic loggers• Attached using diver
installable holdersinstallable holders• Typically 5 years battery
life
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Case study: FPSO in South ChinaCase study: FPSO in South China Sea
• 2 DAUs mounted on
Data acquisition units
• 2 DAUs mounted on underside of hull
• Specially designedSpecially designed magnetic holders
• Ensure constant communication with loggers
• No cables along mooring line
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Case study: FPSO in South ChinaCase study: FPSO in South China Sea
• Cables required to transfer
Cable
• Cables required to transfer data from DAU to control room
• Magnetic clamps attach cable to vessel hull
• On vessel- 2 x cables from turret to control room
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Case study: FPSO in South ChinaCase study: FPSO in South China Sea
Diver team and support vessel
Installation
• Diver team and support vessel• Mooring lines/ hull cleaned of
marine growthmarine growth • System has been installed 1
year resisting currents andyear resisting currents and typhoons
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Case study: FPSO in South ChinaCase study: FPSO in South China SeaSoftware
• Adjustable loggingAdjustable logging frequency
• Angle/Tension Conversion• Historical Tension Data• Alarm if over tension or
failure
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Mooring Line MonitoringMooring Line Monitoring
• Indirect tension
Limitations of inclination monitoring
• Indirect tension measurement
• Tension must be inferredTension must be inferred from angle
• Some accuracy losty• Slight delay with acoustic
communication
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Mooring Line MonitoringMooring Line Monitoring
• Mooring failures are a real
Conclusion
threat with significant cost implications if not dealt with
i klquickly• Mooring line monitoring
provides reliable data onprovides reliable data on mooring integrity– Warning of line failureWarning of line failure– Record of tension history
• Allows informed decisions to
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be made
Mooring Line MonitoringMooring Line Monitoring
D ’t it f f il t h it i
Conclusion
• Don’t wait for a failure to happen; monitoring systems can be installed without affecting
tioperations
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Thank You
AnyAnyQuestions ?Questions ?
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