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Animal Husbandry
Giacomini MattiaInglese
3˚A
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What is it ?It is the branch of agriculture concerned
with the breeding of farm animals:
CattlePigs
SheepHorsesPoultry
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History of Husbandry
Domestication of wild animals started in the Prehistoric period, and they were:
Sheep (northern Iraq)Goats (same region)
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Modern Development
Selective breedingAdvances in animal nutritionVet medicineArtificial insemination Embryo transfer
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Farm Specialists Breeders Milkers
Feeders Health specialists
Vets
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Cattle Raising
Cattle have been domesticated since the Neolithic period
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Breeds of CattleA breed is a group of animals of common
descent, possessing distinctive characteristics that distinguish them from
other groups within the same species
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The Cattle FamilyCow
Milking cowHeiferMilkerCalfOx
Steer Bull
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Cattle raising It is divided into two types
Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Beef CattleBeef Cattle
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Breeds of CattleDairy cattle Dairy cattle
Holstein Black/White
Pezzata rossa
Brown Swiss
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Breeds of CattleBeef cattle Beef cattle
Chianina Limousine
Simmenthal Charolais
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Cows are Ruminants They have a digestive system that allows them to regurgitate and rechew food
The cud is digested by specialized microorganisms that live in the rumen
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StomachRumen (fermentation vat)
Reticulum (rumen’s “assistant”)
Omasum (dehydrator)
Abomasum (true stomach)
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Cows’ Life Gestation period is 9 months Newborn calf weighs 35-40 kg
Dairy cows are slaughtered when they are 5 years old
Dairy cows provide 90% of world’s milk production
Farmers use machines to milk 100 cows for 1 hour