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An ALFA Presentation
Presented by B Ramalingam
Executive Committee Member
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• A registered society of the alumni of leather technology
program of University of Madras/Anna University
• Established in 1987, the association has over 1000 members,
who meet more than 60% of the requirement of trained
professionals
are
create
nurture
Professionals for leather industry
work for
Prosperity of leather
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• To act as a Global resource hub for information on the world wide consumer
market for leather and leather based products like foot wear, travel ware, party
ware etc. and non-leather supplements to leather.
• To disseminate information on products and technology among technologists,
artisans, designers and retailers through an IT enabled mode.
• To act as a beacon for budding technologists, artisans and designers towards
guiding them to successful career in their chosen field of activity.
• To address societal issues like safe environment, animal care, safety at work and
safe & proper disposal of used leather products & non-leather foot wear.
• To act as an extended arm of the ALMA MATER (viz. A.C.Tech., C.L.R.I. ,Anna
University) in propagating the developments & achievements to the stake holders,
government & society.
• To promote fellowship among the alumni base of the AC Tech Leather and
Footwear technologists and promote professionalism in leather education,
research, industry and market and trade.
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• ALFA identified a need to disseminate knowledge gained by its
members through experience, analysis, case studies, discussions
etc. on current areas of need.
• The need to increase tannery efficiency needs no elaboration.
The mechanism to be adopted needs to be discussed,
deliberated and options available implemented at the earliest
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Need of improvement measures for Tanneries Efficiency.
Discussion Areas considered for Tanneries Improvement
Measures.
Traditional methods & its Pitfalls in the discussion areas.
Scope for Improvements from traditional methods.
Tools for Improvements.
Benefits of Change
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• In a fast changing world we
need to keep evolving
continuously to remain
competitive or else will remain
static/sluggish.
• Need to make our workplace
better for employees and
other stakeholders, Also to
attract and retain talents.
• To grow and to improve
performance
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Tannery automation
Quality Systems
Human Resource
Management
Process & Production
Machinery & Layout
Information Management
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Current Scenario
Managed by
owners/proprietors
Technical and commercial
management based on
experience
Infusion of fresh talent at all
levels not planned
Lack of clarity on career
plan for employees
Pitfalls
• Failure to attract young talent
• Loss of talented managers and skilled workers to other sectors (IT, Chemicals, Automobiles, Electronics)
• Over dependence on individuals
• Lack of training and multiskilling
• Lack of Career plan and motivation results in inferior output
• Lack of pride due to unprofessional HR practices in poorly managed companies
Human Resource Management
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• Professional HR manager
• Recruitment process
• Training and job rotation
system
• Career planning process
• Performance
Management system
• Conduct audits like
OSHAS, SA 8000, etc.
• Define a HR process
• Recruitment
• Job definition (KRA’s)
• Evaluation and
measurement
• Promotion
• Training and multiskilling
• Organization chart
Human Resource Management
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• Setting up a system for HR prepares company for growth and
expansion
• Professional image to suppliers and buyers
• Productivity from individuals will be superior.
• Absence of favoritism/nepotism
Human Resource Management
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Current Scenario
Lack of integrated
management in process/
production
Absence of overall quality
enforcement across
production
Lack of transparent setup
Quality systems are not part
of operations
Existence of Individual
dependency of quality
systems
Pitfalls
• Cost of poor quality not
captured.
• Traceability is difficult
• Scaling of Samples to bulk
• Selection in R/M issue, Semi-
finished vs Finished
• Area gain/loss
• Rejections, rework and causes
• Optimal use of resources not
achieved
• Machinery maintenance
• Machinery parts usage
Quality Systems
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Quality circles - Workers,
supervisors, managers
5 S & Six Sigma
ISO 9001/14001/Kaisen
Business excellence model
/ Malcolm Baldridge
model
Measure at the source of
data
Analyze with previous time
period
Compare with
benchmarked industry
data
Execute improvement
measures
Repeat the process again
Quality Systems
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• Consume right material at right quantity for production
• Reduce wastage, pilferage and obsolescence of materials
• Reduce rejection and rework
• Process optimization for higher yield
• Instituting production processes at every stage
• Culture of learning organization
Quality Systems
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EFFECTIVE PRODUCTION/PROCESS
ENERGY SAVING
MACHINERY & Layout
LABOUR SAVING
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• Average tannery making
upper leathers from skins
• 130 sqft per man day
• Benchmarked tannery
making shoe upper
leathers from skins
• 180 sqft per man day
• Lack of process
optimization/energy
saving /labor saving
measures
• Poor infrastructure
facilities
• Poor productivity labors
• Sub optimal efficiency
level
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• Wet Blue store
• Pneumatic wet blue sorting table
• Use of pallets and fork lifts
• Use rack system to optimize labor and space
• Shaving
• Mechanical shaving dust removal and compact
• Mechanized reloading of shaving blades
• Dye house
• Mechanical loading of leather from mezzanine
• Mechanize unloading trolleys
• Use aqua mix as much as possible
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• Buffing
• Mechanical briquetting of buffing dust
• Finishing
• Auto chemical dispensing system in pigment room
• Water scrubbers to clean auto spray chimneys
• Measuring
• Automatic stamping arrangement
• Above all Operator themselves should handle the leather in
certain operations. Do not provide helpers in operations like
Shaving, Setting, Buffing or in Assortment
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• Plan with high-discharge/high-exhaustive provisions in
processes.
• Clearly earmark operation areas
• Eliminate encroachment of movement areas
• One machine's output to become input of next
• Storage area should be earmarked clearly
• Aqua mix for automating water consumption
• Monitor and control water use
• Improve process efficiency
Labor saving measures
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• Floor level , wind flow, ventilation, lighting profiling of building
• Dye house to be on higher level
• Buffing unit to be placed to avoid dust blowing in
• Use sun light wherever possible for illumination
• Separate channels for collecting different effluents
• Material handling equipments
• Mechanized trolleys
• Electronic weighing systems
• Transportation from stores to dosing systems
• Separate product development cell
• Each machine to be owned by operator
Labor saving measures
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• Use recyclable materials
• Encourage natural illumination
• LED/CFL/MHL lightings, use reflective fittings
• Energy efficient motors
• Soft starters or invertors type of equipment
• User screw compressors instead of reciprocating compressors
• Benchmarked Tannery
• Rs 4.10 per sqft maintenance and
energy costs
• Spares and Consumables Rs 1.93 per
sqft
• Fuel and Power Rs 2.04 per sqft
• Water – Rs 0.13 per sqft
Energy saving measures
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• Maintain and Use auto mode in auto spray
• Use modern drums using less energy and high exhaustion
• Use timer and temperature controls in machines
• Recycle steam condensate
• All steam lines to be insulated
• Employ energy efficient aluminum pipeline for compressed air
• Compressor with pressure regulator and air drier
• Periodical maintenance of compressor
• Pipe selection based on application and capacity
Energy saving measures
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• Boiler
• Air preheating arrangement using flue gases and heat exchanger
• Auto blow down arrangement to reduce heat loss/unspent fuel loss
• Use proper size and grade of goal
• Use High Volume Low Pressure pumps
• Use IR/Gas based drying instead of steam drying
• Ensure complete exhaustion of chrome and other chemicals in
drum
• Assess chrome content in wet blue for input control
• Check quality of incoming chemicals
Energy saving measures
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Traditional
Data collection, collation,
analysis and reporting by
people
Handwritten job card, dc and
process sheets for controls
Information sent by post,
phone calls and fax to
buyers and suppliers
Pitfalls
• Duplication of data resulting
in multiplication of human
errors
• Time and labor intensive
analytical reports
• Wrong and illegible
documents leading to
confusion
• Costly communication (phone,
courier, fax) methods
• Critical information not
available at the right time
for decision making
Information Management Systems
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Integrated Management
Software (ERP, SAP, etc.,)
Computer printed
Job card
Process sheet
Delivery Challan
Invoice, Packing List
Barcode, Radiofrequency ID
Punch cards or finger punch
for employees attendance
Capture data into computer
software only once
Generate documents and
reports automatically from
software
Communicate information
electronically by email, sms
Provide up-to-date
information for decision
making
Information Management Systems
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• Notification on receivables & payables
• Commercial details follow-up for orders
• Import tracking
• Provide up-to-date information to buyers
• Day to day monitoring capacity utilization of each machine
• Accurate and realistic costing of production batch
• Plan and purchase chemicals – avoid over stocking and stock
outs
• Take corrective measures for area yield and up-gradation
Information Management Systems
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Improved traceability of leather, delivery performance by
better planning and monitoring on daily basis
Reduce chemical consumption by comparing actual vs standard
process
Reduce wastage, pilferage and obsolescence
Analyze utilization of a purchase lot from receipt as raw/wet-
blue to shipment as finished leather
Complete and accurate costing of finished leather shipments
Reduce non-moving stock of chemicals
Information Management Systems
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Advanced level
Middle level
Entry level
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Systems/ Level Quality control Human resource Production/
Process/
Machinery
layout
Information
management
Entry level • Quality circles
• 5S
• Suggestion schemes
• Professional HR
manager
• Organization chart
• Employee welfare
activities
• Statutory
compliance
• As per
individual
unit
requirement
• Computers and
servers
• Spreadsheets
and basic
software
• Employee
attendance
punching
machines
Mid level • Kaizen
• ISO 9001/14001
• Recruitment
process
• Job description
• Training and
multiskilling
• PMS
• Job rotation
• Setting
organizational
culture
• As per
individual
unit
requirement
• Non-integrated
ERP
• FOXPRO
• Tally
Advanced
level
• Business excellence
model
• Malcolm Baldridge
model
• Six sigma
• Balance score card
• Career planning
• Succession
planning
• As per
individual
unit
requirement
• Integrated ERP
• SAP
• Oracle
• Barcode readers
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Employing modern
techniques for
operations and
management will
help to reduce
costs, improve
efficiency and stay
competitive