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American Political Parties (1860 – Today)
• When Abe Lincoln wins the election of 1860– ALL HELL
BREAKS LOOSE!
– CIVIL WAR!
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Civil War…what changed?
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What’s next for America? • Industrial Revolution
– Begins around 1870’s
• Why does this matter? – North becomes
industrialized• Factories• Railroads• Big business
– South stays rural• Business = farms
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What does the I.R. mean for politics?
• Republican party – Led by politicians from the North
– Supported by • newly freed African Americans• Antislavery democrats• Wanted huge government to help rebuild nation
• Democrats– Supported by
• Slavery supporters in South• Farmers• Wanted small government to keep out of South
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And then came William Jennings Bryan• Democratic Congressman from
Nebraska– Ran for POTUS
• 1896• 1900• 1904• 1908
– Called for a “conservative America”• Go back to Christian fundamentals
• This began the transition of ‘democrats’ to modern day “republicans” – Wanted to go back to TJ’s
Democratic-Republic days.
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After 1908
• Republicans are today’s republicans– Conservative
– Small business
– Based in• South• Bible Belt
– Rugged Individualism
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And the Democrats….
• When W.J. Bryan changed Democrats to Republican beliefs– Democrats became
the liberals• Help big business• High taxes to help poor
population in big cities• Based in big city states
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So here they are….
• Democrats– Focus on social issues
• Gay rights• Help for elderly and sick• Education for all
– Foreign policy• Work with other nations to
secure world peace
– Government role• Federal government should
help all states equally
• Republicans– Social Issues
• Against gay rights• Privatized insurance• Education for those who can pay for
it.
– Foreign Policy• Isolationism• Only do what helps USA
– Government Role• Small federal government that lets
states do what they want
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Famous Republican Presidents since Abe Lincoln
• Herbert Hoover (1928-1932)– Built the Hoover Dam
• Gave electricity to 1/3 of America.
• Dwight D. Eisenhower (1952-1960)– General during WWII
• Richard Nixon (1968-1975)– Vietnam– Watergate
• George Bush I and II (1988-1992) and (2000-2008)– War in Iraq I– War in Iraq II
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Famous Democrat Presidents• Woodrow Wilson (1912-1920)
– President during WWI• Helped with the Treaty of Versailles
• FDR (1932-1945)– President during WWII
• New Deal– Social Security
• JFK (1960-1963)– Started Civil Rights movement
• Bill Clinton (1992-2000)– Pays off government deficit for first time in almost 100 years
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So what about third parties?
• Third Parties– Any political party that runs
against the main 2 in a two party system
– Led by an independent• Candidate not associated with
anyone.
– Most recent:• (2008) Green Party: Ron Paul• (1996) Reform Party: Ross Perot
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Splinter Parties
• Parties that break from within a major political party– Democrats
• Socialist Party
– Republicans• Prohibition Party• Union Party • Tea Party?
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Homework…..
• Pg. 409 1,2,3
• Pg. 415 1,2,3,4