![Page 1: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
American Imperialism & Expansionism
1890-1915
![Page 2: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
World Powers
The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world
1
![Page 3: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Expansionism
A nation’s desire to expand beyond its borders and acquire more territory
2
![Page 4: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Imperialism
Stronger nations create empires by dominating
nations that are economically, politically,
culturally or militarily weaker.
3
![Page 5: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Four Factors Fostering Imperialism
•Economic•Nationalistic•Military•Humanitarian
4
![Page 6: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Economic Factors•Industrialized nations
needed new sources of natural resources, such as rubber and petroleum.
•They also wanted new markets in which to sell their manufactured goods.
5
![Page 7: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Nationalism• Devotion to one’s own nation.• A belief that one’s own people
and culture is superior to others.• Causes nations to compete with
others for new territory as a matter of pride and power.
6
![Page 8: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Military Factors•European and American
military technology was much more advanced than Asia and Africa.
•We needed naval bases around the world for fuel and supplies.
7
![Page 9: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Humanitarian Factors•Western doctors and missionaries believed they had a duty to bring medicine and Christianity to “heathen” Africans and Asians.
8
![Page 10: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
People Who Promoted
Imperialism
![Page 11: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Rudyard Kipling
British author of the poem, “The White
Man’s Burden”
9
![Page 12: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
“The White Man’s Burden”
•Belief in the racial superiority of Germanic and Anglo Saxon peoples.
•The “white man” has the responsibility of improving the lives of less advanced cultures.
10
![Page 13: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Excerpt from “The White Man’s Burden”
Take up the White Man’s burden— Send forth the best ye breed— Go send your sons to exile To serve your captives' need To wait in heavy harness On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half devil and half child
![Page 14: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan
11
![Page 15: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Alfred T. Mahan• Navy Captain (eventually Admiral).• 1890 - Wrote The Influence of Sea
Power Upon History. • Argued that the greatest nation was
the one with strongest navy.• Pushed for expansion of the U.S.
Navy and the need for new territories.
12continued
![Page 16: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Mahan’s book influenced
Congress to appropriate money to
build up the U.S. Navy
12
![Page 17: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
William McKinley• President from 1896 – 1901• Supported the annexation
of Hawaii.
• Demanded that Spain grant Cuba independence.
• Ordered the attack of the Spanish fleet in the Philippines.
13
![Page 18: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Henry Cabot Lodge
• Powerful U.S. Senator from Massachusetts.
• Major supporter of imperialism.
14
![Page 19: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
William Randolph
Hearst
15
![Page 20: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
William Randolph Hearst
•Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist.
•Newspaper publisher.•Changed American
journalism by reporting sensational stories (crimes, murders, scandals, etc.)15
![Page 21: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Spanish-American War
1898A “splendid little war” fought
between Spain and America for territorial control in the Caribbean and Pacific.
16
![Page 22: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cuban Rebellion 1895• Small island 90 miles from Florida –
colony of Spain.• Cubans rebelled against Spain.• General Valeriano Weyler and 150,000
troops were sent to stop revolt.• Weyler forced 100’s of thousands of
Cubans into “re-concentration” camps.• Over 200,000 died of disease and
starvation.16
![Page 23: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Cuba – 90 Miles from Florida Keys
![Page 24: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Havana, Cuba Florida Keys
![Page 25: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The “Butcher Weyler”
![Page 26: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
“Reconcentration” Victims in Cuba
![Page 27: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Caption: The duty of the hour . . . To save her not only from Spain but from a worse fate.
![Page 28: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The de Lôme Letter, Feb.
1898• Written by the Spanish ambassador, Written by the Spanish ambassador,
de Lômede Lôme• De Lôme insulted President McKinleyDe Lôme insulted President McKinley• Intercepted by Cuban rebelsIntercepted by Cuban rebels• Published by W. R. HearstPublished by W. R. Hearst• Intensified anti-Spanish feelings in Intensified anti-Spanish feelings in
U.S.U.S.
17
![Page 29: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Dupuy de Lôme
Spanish Ambassad
or to Washingto
n
![Page 30: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
The Ambassador had said that McKinley was . . .
““weak and a bidder for the admiration weak and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd, besides being a would-of the crowd, besides being a would-be politician who tries to leave a door be politician who tries to leave a door open behind himself while keeping open behind himself while keeping on good terms with the jingoes of his on good terms with the jingoes of his party”party”
![Page 31: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Jingoism
An intense burst of national pride and the desire for an aggressive expansionist foreign policy in the 1890’s.
18
![Page 32: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
U.S.S. Maine• U.S. battleship• Jan. 1898 - President McKinley sends
it to Havana, the capital of Cuba, to protect American citizens and property during rioting.
• Mysteriously explodes on Feb. 15.• 260 American sailors killed.
19
![Page 33: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
U.S.S. Maine
![Page 34: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Painting of the Sinking of the U.S.S Maine
![Page 35: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
The U.S.S. Maine Sinks
![Page 36: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
The U.S.S. Maine Sinks
![Page 37: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Fire Crew and Coal Passers on the U.S.S. Maine, 1896
![Page 38: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Funeral for the Victims of the Maine
![Page 39: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
U.S.S. Maine Mast Monument at Arlington
National Cemetery in Virginia
![Page 40: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
U.S.S. Maine Mast
Monument,
surrounded by graves of
the dead
![Page 41: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Graves of Unknown Sailors Who Died on the U.S.S. Maine
![Page 42: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
McKinley’s War Message• March 1898 – McKinley sends Spain a list
of 4 demands (including Cuban independence).
• Spain refuses to grant Cubans freedom.• April 11 – McKinley asks Congress to
declare war against Spain.• Americans demand war –
• “Remember the Maine!” • “To hell with Spain!” 20
![Page 43: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Teddy Roosevelt
as Assistant Secretary
of the Navy
![Page 44: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Battle of Manila Bay• In February, 1898 TR, Asst. Sec. of the
Navy, had ordered the navy to attack Manila Bay if war were declared.
• May 1, 1898• Admiral Dewey launches a surprise attack
on Spanish ships anchored in Manila Bay.• Destroys Spain’s entire Pacific fleet.• Battle takes 7 hours. • Philippines were a prime location for a
naval base and for trading with Asia.
21
![Page 45: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
The Philippines
![Page 46: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Dewey’s Route to the Philippines
![Page 47: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Dewey’s Route to Manila
![Page 48: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Admiral Dewey’s Ship, The Olympia
![Page 49: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Manila Bay, The Philippines
![Page 50: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Admiral George Dewey,
Liberator of the
Philippines
![Page 51: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Admiral Dewey
William McKinley
![Page 52: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
22
The Rough Riders
• TR resigns as Asst. Sec. of the Navy.• Begins a volunteer regiment - the
First Volunteer Cavalry. • A diverse group of firemen,
policemen, miners, cowboys and athletes recruited by TR.
![Page 53: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
TR and the Rough Riders
![Page 54: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Battle of San Juan Hill
• July 1, 1898• The Rough Riders led an
invasion of Cuba by charging up San Juan Hill and capturing it within minutes.
23
![Page 55: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Fredric Remington’s Rough Riders’ Charge up
San Juan Hill
![Page 56: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Hey Bro, did you bring the Powerade?
No, Dude. I thought you did.TR Takes a
Break
![Page 57: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Treaty of Paris• Signed in December 1898. • U.S. paid Spain $20 million.• Spain recognized Cuban independence.• Spain gave the U.S. the Philippines,
Puerto Rico, and Guam.• These islands became “unincorporated”
territories of U.S. – not to become states.• Acquisition of new territory hotly debated
by anti-imperialists in the Senate.
23
![Page 59: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Territorial Acquisitions
from the Spanish- American War
![Page 60: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
The Pacific Ocean
The Caribbean Sea
Cuba
![Page 61: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Cuba• Cuba became independent nation.• McKinley installed a military
government for 3 years.• Set up school system and restored
economic stability.• 1900 – Cubans allowed to draft
their own constitution – modeled on U.S.
24
continued
![Page 62: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Cuba• U.S. required Cuba to include
provisions of the Platt Amendment– Cuban govt could not enter any
foreign agreements. – U.S. was allowed to establish
naval bases in Cuba as needed.– U.S. had right to intervene
when necessary.24
![Page 63: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Puerto Rico• Did not become independent.• U.S. Military government until 1900.• 1917 – Puerto Ricans granted U.S.
citizenship.• Could elect their local legislators, but
send no reps to U.S. Congress.• U.S. kept power to appoint key
officials, such as the governor. 25
![Page 64: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Puerto Rico
![Page 65: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Puerto Rico
![Page 66: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Philippines
Guam
Pacific Islands Acquired
![Page 67: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
The Philippines• January 1899 –
Rebel leader Emilio Aguinaldo declared the Philippines to be a republic.
• America ignores this.• February 1899 – War
erupts between rebel forces and American soldiers.
26
![Page 68: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
President McKinley justifies his policy toward the Philippines:
“We could not leave them to themselves – they were unfit for self-government, and they would soon have anarchy and misrule worse than Spain’s was . . . There was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them. . .”
![Page 69: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Filipino Soldiers
![Page 70: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Why do you shed all this blood; why do you spend all this energy, all these millions of dollars? Is it for our good or for your own? Sixto Lopez, Filipino leader, in letter to U.S. General Wheeler
A Filipino viewpoint of the war:
![Page 71: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Filipino-American War
• Lasted 3 years• 4,000 Americans killed• 3,000 Americans wounded• Cost U.S. $160 million• 16,000 Filipino soldiers killed• 200,000 Filipino civilians killed
27
![Page 72: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Filipino Casualties
![Page 73: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Filipino casualties
![Page 74: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Surrender of Filipino Insurgents - 1902
![Page 75: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Filipino Flag
![Page 76: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Filipino Coat of Arms
![Page 77: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
How some saw the new U.S. role in
the Philippines
![Page 78: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Guam – Island in
the South Pacific –
east of the Philippines
![Page 79: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Philippines
Guam
Pacific Islands Acquired
![Page 80: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Other Territories Acquired
![Page 81: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Hawaii• 1887
– Trade treaty allowed Hawaii to export sugar to U.S. duty (tariff) free
– Pearl Harbor leased to the U.S. as a fueling station
• 1891 – King Kalakaua dies– Queen Liliuokalani takes throne
28 continued
![Page 82: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Hawaii• 1893
– U.S. Marines help pineapple planter Sanford B. Dole to remove Queen Liliuokalani from power.
– Dole proclaims Hawaii to be a republic, and himself President.
• 1898– Congress approves the annexation
of Hawaii against the protest of Liliuokalani.
28
![Page 83: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Hawaii“We need Hawaii just as much and a good deal more than we did California. It is Manifest Destiny.”
President William McKinley, 1898
![Page 84: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
The Importance of Hawaii in U.S. Trade
![Page 85: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii
![Page 86: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Sanford Balland Dole
Pineapple Planter & President of Republic
of Hawaii
![Page 87: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Samoa• Pacific Island• Pago Pago Harbor• 1889 - Became a protectorate of
Germany, Britain, & U.S.• 1899 – annexed by the U.S. as a base
for trade with Asian countries
29
![Page 88: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Samoa
![Page 89: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Pago Pago, Samoa
![Page 90: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Pago Pago Harbor
![Page 91: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
One More Imperialistic Gain:
The Panama Canal
![Page 92: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Isthmus
A narrow strip of land joining two larger areas of land.
30
![Page 93: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
The Isthmus of Panama
![Page 94: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Panama Canal• Panama – a province of Colombia• 1879 – a French company buys a 25
year land concession from Colombia to build a canal across the Isthmus of Panama
• 1889 - Project fails
31continued
![Page 95: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Panama Canal• French company offers to sell its
rights to U.S. $100 million• 1902 – price lowered to $40 million• U.S. tries to work out a treaty with
Colombia• Colombia stalls, hoping for a higher
offer on the land 114cont31
continued
![Page 96: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Panama Canal
• 1902 – TR secretly promises American support of a Panamanian revolt against Colombia.
• 1903 – TR sends U.S. warships to wait offshore.
• U.S. immediately recognizes Panama’s independence.
31continued
![Page 97: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Panama Canal• U.S. signed a treaty with Panama
giving us a 10-mile wide canal zone.
• U.S. would have complete sovereignty over area.
• U.S. paid Panama $10 million.
31continued
![Page 98: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Panama Canal• Building was difficult due to
untrained workers.• Diseases - Malaria and yellow
fever spread by mosquitoes killed many workers.
• Canal was completed in 1914 ahead of schedule and under budget.
31
![Page 99: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
TR Visits the Canal
Zone
![Page 100: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Why Important?
The Panama Canal provides a faster route from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean
![Page 101: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Imperialistic Foreign Policy
1890 -1915
![Page 102: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Spheres of
Influence
![Page 103: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Spheres of Influence
• Areas of economic and political control in a region.
• The Pacific and Caribbean had become spheres of influence for the U.S.
• European and Asian countries had exclusive control and trading rights in different areas of China.
32
![Page 104: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
America’s Spheres of Influence
Pacific and Caribbean
![Page 105: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Spheres of Influence in
China
![Page 106: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Open Door Policy
• McKinley wanted an “open door” to China.
• All countries, including the U.S., would be allowed to trade freely with China.
33
![Page 107: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
How Europeans Saw the “Open Door”
![Page 108: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Diplomacy
• TR - “Speak softly, and carry a big stick; you will go far.”
• The big stick = U.S. Navy • The threat of American military force
and intervention in other nations’ problems would strengthen our position as a world power.
34
![Page 109: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
The Great White Fleet
• December 1907• Roosevelt sends part of the
U.S. Navy fleet on a cruise around the world.
• Purpose was to demonstrate our impressive naval power.
35
![Page 110: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Roosevelt’s Great White Fleet Sails Around the Globe
![Page 111: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Big Stick Diplomacy
![Page 112: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Roosevelt Corollary• 1904 - An informal addition to the
Monroe Doctrine.• The U.S. would not intervene in
other countries’ affairs, unless they negatively affected U.S. interests.
• The U.S would not allow Europeans to intervene in the western hemisphere.
36
![Page 113: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
When Santo Domingo goes bankrupt, Roosevelt Corollary is used to protect the island from European nations
![Page 114: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy
• Taft wanted to “substitute dollars for bullets.”
• U.S. investment in foreign nations would help to maintain orderly societies.
• Creates enemies in the Caribbean who hated U.S. influence.
37
![Page 115: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
U.S. Interventions in Latin America
![Page 116: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy
• The U. S. shouldThe U. S. should– be the consciencebe the conscience
of the world.of the world.– spread democracy.spread democracy.– promote peace.promote peace.– condemn condemn
colonialism.colonialism.
38
![Page 117: American Imperialism & Expansionism 1890-1915. World Powers The most economically and militarily strong countries in the world 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062423/5697bf821a28abf838c860d4/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Wilson Teaches a Lesson in
Moral Diplomacy