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American Colonial History
A New Country
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© North Carolina Community College System
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We know King George III of England
angered the colonists.
• He required the colonists to keep British soldiers in their homes for free.
• He required the colonists to pay high taxes.
• He did not let the colonists have self-government.
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So the colonists declared their independence.
The men who led the country to
independence are called
Founding Fathers.
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Thomas Jefferson is a Founding Father.
He wrote the Declaration of Independence.
The colonies adopted it on July 4, 1776.
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George Washington is a Founding Father.
• Washington led the American army fighting the British.
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• Washington was also the first President of the United States.
• He is called the “Father of Our Country.”
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The Founding Fathers wrote the U.S. Constitution in 1787 at the
Constitutional Convention.
As free people, Americans had to set up a government.
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To encourage people to vote for (ratify) the Constitution, New York newspapers
printed a series of 85 essays.
We call these essays the
Federalist Papers.
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Nobody knew who was writing the Federalist Papers. The essays had the
signature “Publius.”http://www.foundingfathers.info/
(“Publius” is a senator in Shakepeare’s play “Julius Caesar.”)
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Today we know that “Publius” was three Founding Fathers:
• Alexander Hamilton (First United States Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton wrote 52 of the essays.)
• James Madison (Fourth President of the United States, Madison wrote 28 of the essays.)
• John Jay (President of the Continental Congress and first Chief Justice of the United States, Jay wrote 5 of the essays.)
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Benjamin Franklin is one of the most amazing Founding
Fathers.
• Franklin was the oldest member of the Constitutional Convention.
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• He was the first Postmaster General of the United States.
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• He was the first American Diplomat.
He went to France.
He got France to support America in her fight for independence from Britain.
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• He wrote “Poor Richard’s Almanac.” His almanac had a calendar, weather predictions, Franklin’s own wise sayings, and astrological signs.
Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. -Benjamin Franklin
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• He started the first free libraries.
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The Founding Fathers established the important principles of American
democracy in
• the Declaration of Independence,
• the Constitution, and
• the Bill of Rights.
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In the next lesson, we will see how the United States faced new problems
in the 1800s.