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RAW
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OR
DICTIONARYOF THE
SANSKRIT LANGUAGEBY
and With an English InterpretationAnnotations.BY
H. T.
COLEBROOKE* ESQTHIRD EDITION.
Service. Late of (he Bengal Civil
RAKSHIT. PUBLISHED BY HARAGOBINDA
Ka 14,
lasuB Mill's Lakh.
BANERJEB & CO., PRINTED BY NUNDO MOHUNWOBKB, AT THB FULL MOON FRIWnNa Bbadon Street, E. C. 24,1891.
Digitized by
VjOOQ IC
f
\
PK.A*8|89\
Digitized by
ns-f-^VPUBLISHER'S NOTICE.
The value of Colebrooke's Umura Kosha has neverbeen under-rated andSanskrit Scholars.Itis
well
known
to
all
%
Anglo-
is
a book which appears to be
indispensably necessary to the students of the Calcutta
University and indeed to all English-knowing studentsofSanskrit,
as
furnishing
English
synonyms
for
Sanskrit words and very valuable notes on the text Butas the book has long been out of printavailable except at
and
is
not
now
a great cost,
it is
hoped that theit
publication of the present edition will bring
within
the reach of the general public and the students of the
Calcuttasincerely
University
in
particular.
The
publisher
hopes that the undertaking will meet the
support of those for
whom it
is
intended.
Januaryf
f
HARAGOBINDA RAKSHIT
1891
J
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Digitized by
/
PREFACE.
THEWilliam,it
compilation of a Sanskrit Dictionary having been
undertaken early after the institution of the College of Fort
was at the same time thought advisable
to print, in
Sanskrit and English, the work which has been chosen for thebasis of that compilationoriginal authority to;
as well for the sake of exhibitingwill
an
which reference
be frequently neces-
sary, as with the view of furnishing
an useful vocabulary which
might servepublished.
until
an ampler dictionary could be prepared andof Sanskrit
The celebrated Umura KSsha, or Vocabularyis,
by
Umura singha, by the unanimous suffrage of the learned, the best guide to the acceptations of nouns in Sanskrit. The workof
Pa n*1ni on etymology
is
rivalled
by other grammars, somebut Umura's vocabularyis
of which
have even obtained the preference in the opinion of:
the learned of particular provinces
has prevailed wherever the Sanskrit languageonly where Umura's
cultivated
;
and
the numerous other vocabularies, which remain, are consultedis
either silent or defective. It has employ-
ed the industry of innumerable commentators, while none of theothers(
with the single exception of
He machandra's
)
have
been interpreted even by one annotator.ference for the
Such decided pre-
Umura Kdsha, and theit,
consequent frequency of
quotations from
determined the selection of this as the basis
of an alphabetical dictionary, and suggested the expediency ofalso publishing the original text with
an English interpretation.is
Like other vocabularies of Sanskrit, that of Umura
in metre;
and a considerable degree of knowledge of the language becomesrequisite to discriminate the words from their interpretations
Digitized by
IV
PREFACE.to separate
and
them from contiguous terms which
affect their
initials
and to adapt the work to the use of the English student, the words, of which the sense isfinals.
and
On
this account,
exhibited, are disjoined from their interpretation
(whichis
is in-
cluded between crotchets); and the close of each word
marked
by a
Italic letter over it indicating
the gender of the noun.
Where a
letter
has been* permuted according to the Sanskritis
system of orthography, a dotthat a letteris
placed under the line to intimateis
there altered or omitted : and a marginal notefinal of
added, exhibiting the radical
the noun, oris so far
its initial, in
every instance where either of them
disguised by per-
mutation as not to be easily recognized upon a slight knowledgeof the rudiments of the language,
and of
its
orthography.
An
explanation in English
is
given in the margin, and completed^
when
necessary, at the foot of the page.
The
different
inter-
pretations proposed by the several commentators, and the variations in orthography
remarked by them, are also specified in
the same place.
According to the original plan of the present publication,the variations in the reading of the textcollation has been(for
which a careful
made
of several
copies
and of numerousintended
commentaries) are noticed only where they affect the interpretation of a
word or
its
orthography.
It
was not at
first
to insert those differences
which are remarked by commentatorsvariautility of indicating
upon other authority, and not upon the ground of anytion in the textitself.
However, the
such
differences was afterwards thought to
counterbalance any in-
convenience attending
it
:
and
after
some progress had been
made
at the press, this*
and other additions to the originalchapters and complete
design
were admitted, which have rendered a supplementfirst
necessary to supply omissions in the
the work upon an uniform plan.
To
avoid too great an increase of the volume,
the variousfully
r 'ndinsrs
and interpretations are rather hinted than
set
These additions are incorporated with the text in the present edition.
Digitized by
PREFACE.forth:
V
it
has been judged sufficient to state the result, as the
notes would have been too
much
lengthened,
if
the ground of
disagreement had been everywhere exhibited and explained.
For the same reason, authorities have not been cited by name.
The mention
of the particular
commentator inlittle
each* instance
would have enlarged the notes, with very
advantage, as the
means of verifying authorities are as effectually furnished by an enumeration of the works which have been employed and consulted. They are as follow:
I.
The
text of the
Umura Kdska
:
This vocabulary comprised in three books,
is
frequently cited
under the title otTrikanda^ometimes under the denominationof Abhid'ha'na (nouns), fromits
subject
;
often under that of
Uviura Ko'sha, from the name of theare indeed unanimous in ascribing
author.to
The comttoentatorssingha.
it
Umura
He
appears to have belonged to the sect of Bwdd'ha,(tho\igh this be
denied by some of his scholiastsin the reign
;)
and;
is
reputed to have lived
is expressly named among the ornaments of the Court of Ra JA'BH