Download - AGENDA - European Biogas
AGENDA
10:00 Welcome and introduction10:05 EU Methane Strategy and follow-up legislation
Malcom McDowell, DG ENERGY, European Commission10:20 Measurements results and mitigation strategy to reduce emissions
Viktoria Wechselberger, BOKU University10:35 Q&A10:50 Voluntary monitoring systems and benefits
Mieke Decorte, European Biogas Association11:05 Best practices: the Swedish system and its achievements
Johan Yngvesson, RISE11:20 State of the art of training concepts developed
Johan Yngvesson, RISE11:30 Q&A and closing remarks
Malcolm McDowell has been working at theEuropean Commission in DG Energy for 10 years. Heis Team Leader responsible for the methane strategy.He was previously responsible for renewable gases inthe renewables unit and before that, he wasresponsible for the oil refining sector and worked asoil and gas analyst.
EU Methane Strategy and follow-up legislationMalcom McDowell, DG ENERGY, European Commission
• Overview on EU Methane legislation
• Role of biogas and biomethane sectors in reducing methane emissions
EU Methane Strategy and follow-up legislationMalcom McDowell, DG ENERGY, European Commission
Dipl.-Ing. Viktoria Wechselberger is a researchassociate at the Institute of Waste Management(University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,Vienna) focusing on the quantification of methaneemissions from biogas plants. Previously, she hasworked in R&D in the field of steam explosionpretreatment of ligneous agricultural residues forthe production of biogas.
Methane emissions at biogas plants: measurement results & emission reductionsViktoria Wechselberger, BOKU University
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna
Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment
Institute of Waste Management
Methane emissions at biogas plants:
measurement results &
emission reduction
Viktoria Wechselberger, Torsten Reinelt, Tina Clauß, Angela Vesenmaier, Johan Yngvesson,
Katharina Meixner, Marcel Bühler, Deborah Scharfy, Lukas Knoll, Marion Huber-Humer,
Marlies Hrad
EVEMBI Workshop, January 26th, 2021
The project EvEmBi
19.02.2021 7
Evaluation of different technologies
based on harmonized methods 1
Evaluation of measures
for emission reductionVoluntary systems &
Operator workshops
EvEmBi
Evaluation and reduction of methane
emissions from different European biogas
plant concepts
(2018-2021)
36 biogas plants
investigated
1. Identification of emission sources (leak detection)
2. Quantification of single sources 1-6
• CHP/BUU (methane slip)
• Not-gastight digestate storage
• Leakages
• Double membrane
• Ventilation air (processing halls, etc.)
• Pressure relief valves
→ Component emissions
→ Deduction of measures for emission reduction
Source: DBFZ
Methods on-site approach
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Source: DBFZ
Source: DBFZSource: DBFZ
Source: DBFZ
Source: DBFZ
Results on-site approach
Component emissions
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Sources: 7-13, EvEmBi
BUU... Biogas upgrading unit
CHP… Combined heat and power plant
Results on-site approach
Component emissions
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Methane slip CHP units: 1.6 % (median)
repair/maintenance
after revision
thermal post-combustion
Sources: 10-13, EvEmBi
Methods remote sensing approach
Investigation of overall plant emissions
Inverse dispersion modelling method (IDMM) 1, 14-16
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Measurement of methane concentration Meteorological
measurementsDispersion model
Biogas plant
Methods: remote sensing approach
Investigation of overall plant emissions
Tracer gas dispersion method (TDM) 1, 17-18
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Source: 1 Source: 1
Gas concentrations measurements (methane, tracer gas)
Controlled release of tracer gas
Results remote sensing approach
Overall plant emissions
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Methane loss: 0.4 % (±0.3) - 8.6 % (±0.5) of methane production
Sources: 18, Klimoneff, MetHarmo, EvEmBi
Conclusions
Recommendations for the mitigation of methane emissions
o implementation of best technology options when
constructing new plants, i.e.:
• gas-tight cover for digestate storage and hydrolysis-
mixing tanks
• chemical scrubber or exhaust gas treatment for biogas
upgrading
o prevention/elimination of OTNOC (other than normal
operating conditions) events, i.e. by:
• regular leak detection (self- and external inspection)
• gas storage - pressure relief valves:
− accurate measurement of filling level
− adjustment of operational parameters (i.e. target value
for filling level = 50%) if necessary
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References (1)
1. Clauß, T. et al. Recommendations for reliable methane emission rate quantification at biogas plants. Report No. 33, 102 (DBFZ, Leipzig, 2019).
2. Reinelt, T. et al. Comparative use of different emission measurement approaches to determine methane emissions from a biogas plant. Waste Manage 68,
173-185, doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.053 (2017).
3. Reinelt, T., Liebetrau, J. & Nelles, M. Analysis of operational methane emissions from pressure relief valves from biogas storages of biogas plants. Bioresource
Technol 217, 257-264, doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.073 (2016).
4. Daniel-Gromke, J., Liebetrau, J., Denysenko, V. & Krebs, C. Digestion of bio-waste - GHG emissions and mitigation potential. Energy, Sustainability and Society
5, 1-12, doi:10.1186/s13705-014-0032-6 (2015).
5. Liebetrau, J. et al. Methane emissions from biogas-producing facilities within the agricultural sector. Eng Life Sci 10, 595-599, doi:10.1002/elsc.201000070
(2010).
6. Westerkamp, T., Reinelt, T., Oehmichen, K., Ponitka, J. & Naumann, K. KlimaCH4 - Klimaeffekte von Biomethan. Report No. 20, 167 (DBFZ, Leipzig, 2014).
7. Schories, G.; Cordes, C.; Winterberg, R. (2018): Schlussbericht zum Vorhaben Thema: AcEta (effiziente Hydrolyse und Acidogenese): Bioprozesstechnische
Optimierung zweistufiger landwirtschaftlicher Biogasanlagen.
8. Kvist, T.; Aryal, N. (2019): Methane loss from commercially operating biogas upgrading plants. Waste Management 87: 295-300.
9. Lozanovski, A.; Brandstetter, C. P. (2015): Monitoring des Biomethanproduktionsprozesses MONA. Für das Bundesministerium für Ernährung und
Landwirtschaft BMEL. AP7 Ökologische Bewertung – Abschlussbericht.
10. Liebetrau, J. et al. Analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from 10 biogas plants within the agricultural sector. Water Sci Technol 67, 1370-1379,
doi:10.2166/wst.2013.005 (2013).
11. Aschmann, V. (2014), Einflussfaktoren auf die Kohlenwasserstoffkonzentration im Abgas biogasbetriebener Blockheizkraftwerke (BHKW) (Influences on the
concentration of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas of biogas-driven combined heat and power units (CHPU)), in: VDI Berichte 2214 - Emiss. 2014 Stand -
Konzepte - Fortschritte, VDI Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf, pp. 193 – 201.
19.02.2021 16
References (2)
12. Kretschmann, R., Rothe, F., Poppitz, W., Moczigemba, T. (2012), Ermittlung der Standzeiten von Abgasreinigungseinrichtungen an BHKW-Motoren hinsichtlich
der Minderung von Formaldehyd, Methan, Kohlenmonoxid, Stickoxiden und Geruch. URL: http://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/luft/28554.htm (abgerufen
am 30.11.2020).
13. Van Dijk, G.H.J. (2012) Hydrocarbon emissions from gas engine CHP-units 2011 measurement program, KEMA Nederland B.V., Utrecht.
14. Hrad, M., Piringer, M. & Huber-Humer, M. Determining methane emissions from biogas plants – Operational and meteorological aspects. Bioresource Technol
191, 234-243, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.016 (2015).
15. Flesch, T. K., Desjardins, R. L. & Worth, D. Fugitive methane emissions from an agricultural biodigester. Biomass Bioenerg 35, 3927-3935,
doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.009 (2011).
16. Flesch, T. K., Wilson, J. D., Harper, L. A. & Crenna, B. P. Estimating gas emissions from a farm with an inverse-dispersion technique. Atmospheric Environment
39, 4863-4874, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.04.032 (2005).
17. Yoshida, H.; Mønster, J.; Scheutz, C. (2014): Plant-integrated measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Water
Research 61: 108-118.
18. Scheutz, C.; Fredenslund, A. M. (2019): Total methane emission rates and losses from 23 biogas plants. Waste Management 97: 38-46.
19. Sax, M., Schick,M., Bolli, S., Soltermann-Pasca, A., Van Caenegem, L. (2013) Methanverluste bei landwirtschaftlichen Biogasanlagen. Bundesamt für Energie BFE,
Bern. URL: https://www.aramis.admin.ch/Default.aspx?DocumentID=62225&Load=true (abgerufen am 30.11.2020).
20. Clemens, Joachim (2014): Erfahrungen bei der Untersuchung von Biogasanlagen auf Gasdichtheit. In: gwf-Gas|Erdgas(03/2014), 128–130. URL:
http://www.bonalytic.de/cps/bonalytic/ds_doc/GE_03_2014_Clemens.pdf (abgerufen am 30.11.2020).
21. Schreier, Wolfgang (2011): Untersuchung von Gasleckagen bei Biogasanlagen. Hg. v. Landesamt für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie. URL.
https://publikationen.sachsen.de/bdb/artikel/15246 (abgerufen am 30.11.2020).
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University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna
Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment
Institute of Waste Management
E-Mail: [email protected] \ Webpage: www.wau.boku.ac.at/abf.html
Tel.: +43 (0)1 318 99 00 \ Fax: +43 (0)1 318 99 00 350
Muthgasse 107/3, A-1190 Vienna
Viktoria [email protected]
+43 (0)1 476 54 - 81317
Time for questions!
Mieke Decorte is a technical expert on the analysis of biogas and biomethane markets.
She also works on the study and valorization of the positive externalities of biogas and biomethane, including the reduction of GHG emissions.
She coordinates EBA’s involvement in EU projects.
Voluntary monitoring systems and benefitsMieke Decorte, EBA Technical and Project Officer
European Biogas Association
Voluntary monitoring systems and benefits
Mieke DecorteEvEmBi workshop
26/01/2021
AD plays a major role in preventing methane emissions
... nevetheless, occoring emissions must be avoided
Benefits of avoiding methane emissions at biogas plants
• Abatement of climatechange
• Increased income
• Safety aspects
• Avoidance of odourproblems
Voluntary monitoring systems – 2 mainparts
1. Leak detection and remedying of found leaksplant‘s own personnel
2. Quantification of emissions and loses
external and independed consultant
Voluntary monitoring systems – step bystep
Step 1: Checklist for regular rounds
• Plant description with critical control points
• Requires no equipment
• E.g. plant operator checks if all safety valves areclosed
• High frequency
• Low cost
Voluntary monitoring systems – step bystep
Step 2: Performing leak detections
• The focus is self-control
• Third-party revision for credibility
• High frequency
• Medium cost
Voluntary monitoring systems – step bystep
Step 3: Remedying of found leaks
• Leakages must me remedied with reasonableresources within a reasonable amount of time
• Inclusion in the plant maintenance program
• High frequency
• Medium cost
Voluntary monitoring systems – step bystep
Step 4: Quantifying and reporting of methane emissions
• Third-party measurement consultant
• Measurment data gathered by a central party toenable reporting
• Frequency depended on the plant size
• Medium frequency
• High cost
Voluntary monitoring systems – step bystep
Step 5: Short-term (2025) and long-term (2040) reductiontargets
• Aiming at driving down the emission to a certain level
• Can be set at national and/or European level
• Low frequency
Preparatory work
• Follow-up of the EvEmBi project
• Investigate BAT especially on quantitative measurements
• Further synchronise the already existing (national) voluntary schemes
• Expected 2-3 years
Conclusion
Voluntary monitoring systems will:
• Further improve the environmental performance of biogassystems by indentifying and reducing methane emissions
• Support plant owners in performing structured inventory of theirplant to detect possible methane emmissions
• Help build-up knowledge and awareness of operators
• Provide better knowledge about methane emissions for the biogasand industry and thereby create greater credibility.
• Assure the societal value of biogas production with regard to GHG mitigation
EvEmBi deliverables
• Methane emission mitigation strategies – information sheet for biogas industry
• Minimum requirements for European voluntary systems
Thank you!
Renewable Energy House
Rue d'Arlon 63-65
B - 1040 Brussels
Mieke [email protected]
European Biogas Association
Project manager and expert on methaneemissions. Measuring emissions on biogasplants since 2013. Benchmarking studies,methodology development and researchwithin biogas and waste management.Background from working with quality,inspection, and maintenance.
Best practices: the Swedish system and its achievementsJohan Yngvesson, RISE
Self inspection ofmethane emissions
A Swedish voluntary system since 2007
EBA Webinar 2021-01-26
Johan Yngvesson
RISE – Research Institutes of Sweden
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
Biogas production in Sweden
• Co-digestion plants 36 (963 GWh)
• WWT plants 138 (727 GWh)
• Farm plants 44 (56 GWh)
• Industrial plants 6 (143 GWh)
• Land fil 55 (141 GWh)
• Producing in total ≈2 TWh biogas
• Upgrading plants 70 plants in total
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement39
Co-digestion plants
Wastewater treatment
plants
Upgrading plant
Source: Energigas Sverige
How the biogas is being used:
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement40
Source: ER 2019:23 Production and use of biogas and biofertiliser 2018
Substrates for biogas production, 2018(kilo tonnes wet weight)
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement41
Wastewater
treatment
Co-digestion plants
Farm plants
Industry
Gasification
Source: ER 2019:23 Production and use of biogas and biofertiliser 2018
Food Sewage Industry Manure Waste from Slaughter Crops Otherwaste sludge sludge food industry houses
The Swedish voluntary system
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement42
Background to “EgMet”
Foto: Johan Yngvesson
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement43
• It started in 2007 by the Swedish
Waste Management Association
and their members
• Since 2019 co-owned by
Swedish Water
• >200 measurements performed
• about 25 production plants and
30 upgrading plants participated
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
Organisation
Biogas industry
Project execution team
Reference team
Steering comittee
Joint administrative office
System description published
The Swedish Waste Management Association
The Swedish Water and Wastewater Association
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
https://www.avfallsverige.se/fileadmin/user_upload/3_avfallsh
antering/Egenkontroll_metanemissioner_2019_eng.pdf
Four good reasons
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement45
Environment
Safety
Health
Economy
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
System set-up
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement46
❑ Participation form
❑ Annual fee (app. €500)
❑ Training, skill development
❑ (System development)
❑ The system consists of two main parts:
✓ “detection” (of leaks)
✓ “quantification”
1. Emission detection
❑ Self-control, involving leak
detection & documentation
❑ Consider detection equipment,
intervals and competence
❑ Should involve operators
❑ Increases knowledge &
engagement
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement47
Photo by Daniel Bäckström
Emission quantification
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement48
❑ Measurements every three
years by a third party
❑ Provides data for
prioritization, benchmarking
and credibility
❑ Incentive for setting
reduction targets
❑ Methodology described in a
measurement guide
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
What is the purpose?
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement49
❑ Provide a structure for
inventorying possible methane
emissions
❑ Give better knowledge about the
size of the emissions
❑ Further improve the environmental
performance of the biogas system
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
Main targets
• further improve the environmental performance of the biogas system
• give plant owners help in performing a structured inventorying of their plant to detect emissions
• give plant owners better knowledge about the size of the emissions from theirplant
• identify and reduce any emissions
• give the biogas industry better information and thereby greater credibility in relation to emissions.
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement50
Biogas plant
Liquid waste
Digestate
Recieving tank
Hygienisation
Mixing tank
Digester
Torch
Bolier/Gas motor/ Upgrading plant
Pretreatment
unit
Digestate
tank
Dewatering
Digestate
storage
Solid waste
System bounderies in the Swedish system
Receiving building
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement51
Achivements
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Participating plants
production upgrading
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement52
Production & emissions, between 2007 - 2018
0
10
20
30
40
50
0,00
0,50
1,00
1,50
2,00
2,50
(1st) 2nd 3rd 4th(M
ton
nes)
% o
f p
rod
uct
ion
ef annual production
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement53
Photo by Johan Yngvesson
Emissions in upgrading
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement54
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
% o
f p
rod
uct
ion
Chemical scrubber Water Scrubber
PSA BUU + "RTO"
Correlation between methane emissions and plant size
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement55
Default values for sustainability criteria in Sweden
configuration
EF
(%)Waste water sludge, excl. digestate 0,95
Waste water sludge incl. digestate 2,9
Municipal / industrial food waste, excl. digestate 0,22
Municipal / Industrial food waste, incl. digestate 1,4
Upgrading BAT (amin scrubber or upgrading with RTO) 0,19
Upgrading other 2,0
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement56
Volontary
System
Detection
QuantificationReduction
Bench-marking
EgMet benefits
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement57
CH4
Some of the success factors!
✓ Relevance for the industry
✓ Low threshold to take part
✓ Simple to understand
✓ Useful for operators
Foto: Johan Yngvesson
RISE — Swedish Voluntary Agreement58
Research Institutes of Sweden AB · 010-516 50 00 · [email protected] · ri.se
Besöksadress: Lindholmspiren 7 A, 417 56 Göteborg · Postadress: Box 857, 501 15 Borås
Johan Yngvesson
+46 703 82 55 26
Project manager and expert on
methane emissions. Measuring
emissions on biogas plants since
2013. Benchmarking studies,
methodology development and research
within biogas and waste management.
Background from working with quality,
inspection, and maintenance.
Best practices: the Swedish system and its achievements
Johan Yngvesson, RISE
Training concepts for minimizing methane emissions from biogas plants
RISE — Methane emissions from biogas production61
Germany• Course: 23.09.2020 in Stadtroda Germany
– Basic training "Biogas production for plant
operators”
• Course: 05.11.2020 in Dresden Germany
– Refresher training operator qualification, ”Plant
safety on biogas plants, incl. TRGS 529 and TRAS
120”
• Course: 23.11.2020, Pilot-online-course
– Refresher training operator qualification, “Plant
safety on biogas plants, incl. TRGS 529 and TRAS
120”
RISE — Methane emissions from biogas production62
• Organized by Schulungsverbund Biogas -with the aim to uniform national education and training of biogas plant operators
• But also for biogas companies (planning, construction and maintenance/service)
• It was included in existing operator trainings
• About 16-18 participants / course
• Feedback: Not concluded yet. But methane avoidance is an important issue for operators.
• Operators already do a lot, however, since the mandatory requirements in Germany.
• Therefore little interest in a voluntary system
Swedish training day
• the 12th March 2020
• Co-organised by the “Swedish Waste Management Association” and “Swedish Water”
• Invitations was sent mainly to their members (biogas plant operators).
• Lectures by experts in methane emissions, representative for “EgMet”, and a
representative from the industry.
• 57 participants registered for the event, well above expectations.
• Feedback: much appreciated, some ideas for future trainings.
• A follow up webinar is planned to the 27 january 2021, that will focus on examples on
mitigation activities from the Evembi project. (+100 registered)
RISE — Methane emissions from biogas production63
Agenda of training day
• European outlook
• Self inspection of methane emissions –
EgMet (the Swedish voluntary system)
• Emission objects
• Methods measuring methane slip
• Calculation methods for methane
emissions
• Experiences from an biogas operator
point of view
RISE — Methane emissions from biogas production64
Austrian operator workshop• Organized by Kompost & Biogas Verband Österreich
• Three workshops in the scope of existing operator meetings/workshops
• 37 participants
• Feedback: very positive!
RISE — Methane emissions from biogas production65
On the agenda
• Overview of relevant Austrian
regulations
• Presentation of the Evembi
project
• Measurement results
• Emissions mitigation measures
• Presentation of Volontary
system
• Biogas plant visit
• Discussion
RISE — Methane emissions from biogas production66
SchweizNo specific training day organized yet. Plan to do this in summer 2021.
• Ökostrom Schweiz
• Individual talks and site visits and emission measurements with our biogas operators
• 2019: 3 biogas plant operators
• 2020: 18 biogas plant operators
• Content: We checked together with the operators for leakages with the on-site
equipment and talked about emissions and how to avoid or reduce them.
• Feedback: Positive! The leakage detection was especially valued.
• (Some operators prefer the use of m3 biogas, or methane, in explanations. Other units
are difficult to relate to. )RISE — Methane emissions from biogas production67
Research Institutes of Sweden AB · 010-516 50 00 · [email protected] · ri.se
Besöksadress: Lindholmspiren 7 A, 417 56 Göteborg · Postadress: Box 857, 501 15 Borås
Thank you!
Johan Yngvesson
070-382 55 26
Time for
questions!
Thank you!
More info
• Technical questions:
Mieke Decorte [email protected]
• Communication and dissemination:
Angela Sainz Arnau [email protected]