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Age related macular degeneration
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Summary• What is ARMD?• How common is it?• The symptoms• Two types of ARMD
– Dry– Wet
• Tests for ARMD• Treatment and managing vision loss
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What is age-related macular degeneration (ARMD)?Damage or
breakdown
of the macula that
occurs with age
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The macula
• Small area of the retina used for
central vision
• Provides fine, detailed vision
• Used for reading, close work
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ARMD becomes more common with age
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Percent
over 40 over 50 over 65 over 80
Age
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Symptoms of ARMD
• Loss of central vision
• Vision loss is often gradual
• People notice problems reading, even with their glasses on
• Side vision is usually unaffected
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Normal retina
optic nervemacula
retinal blood vessels
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Types of ARMDDry ARMD
• Better visual outcome
• Small deposits called “Drusen” form around the macular area
• No treatment, only regular review
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Types of ARMDWet ARMD
• More serious
• Fluid accumulates underneath retina, causing distortion
• Requires immediate ophthalmological treatment
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Tests for ARMD• Ophthalmoscopy
– instrument which enables an optometrist to see the retina
• The Amsler grid
– can be used at home for self monitoring
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Amsler grid
Tests to see if any
lines are distorted
or missing
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Treatment for ARMD• When new vessels grow on the
retina, surgery is an option
• Surgery is best done early after
serious developments occur
• The aim is to prevent further
vision loss
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Managing vision loss due to ARMD
• Correct, up to date glasses can be prescribed
• Good lighting
• Magnification devices
• An optometrist can advise you
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Regular examinations are vital• Every two years if over forty
• More often if any ARMD is noticed
AND
• If you think there is a change in your vision
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Optometrists• Provide a comprehensive visual
examination
• Detect and diagnose eye health problems
• Prescribe and supply glasses and contact lenses when required
• Diagnose and treat eye coordination and focussing problems
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Optometrists• Are university educated and
undertake continuing professional education
• No referral is required
• Eye tests attract a medicare rebate
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To find an optometrist• Optometry Australia
www.optometry.org.au
• Yellow Pages