Aerial Target Systems UpdateAerial Target Systems Update
NDIAAerial Targets Conference
19 November 2003
CAPT Rick SmithProgram Manager, PMA-208Email: [email protected](301) 757-6129
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OutlineOutline
• Program Mission• Supersonic Targets• Subsonic Targets• Future Development• Target Control Systems• Threat Simulation Miniaturization• Advanced Technology
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US NavyUS NavyAerial Targets & DecoysAerial Targets & Decoys
• Comprehensive threat representation– Aircraft– Missile
• Cost effective mix to support wide range of mission needs– Training– Test & Evaluation
PMA-208 MISSIONPROVIDE THREAT REPRESENTATIVE AERIAL TARGET
SYSTEMS IN SUPPORT OF WEAPON SYSTEM TEST AND FLEET TRAINING
SUBSCALE SUBSONICSUBSCALE SUBSONIC
AERIAL TARGET (SSAT)AERIAL TARGET (SSAT)
AAWAAW
ITALDITALD TALDTALD AQM-37AQM-37QF-4QF-4 MQM-8GMQM-8G MA-31MA-31 GQM-163AGQM-163A
DECOYSDECOYS
FULLFULLSCALESCALE(FSAT)(FSAT)
SUPERSONIC SEASUPERSONIC SEASKIMMING (SSST)SKIMMING (SSST)
SUPERSONICSUPERSONICMISSILEMISSILE
BQM-74EBQM-74E BQM-74FBQM-74FBQM-34BQM-34 TA/ASTA/AS SNTCSNTC
SYSTEMSYSTEMFORFOR
NAVALNAVALTARGETTARGET
CONTROLCONTROL(SNTC)(SNTC)
TARGETTARGETAUXILIARY/AUXILIARY/
AUGMENTATIONAUGMENTATIONSYSTEMSSYSTEMS
(TA/AS)(TA/AS)
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Operating SitesOperating Sites
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Supersonic TargetsSupersonic Targets
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SSSTSSSTOperational RequirementsOperational Requirements
• SSST ORD (#505-86-98) identifies requirements to replicate a family of ASCM Threats A, B, C and D
• Threat A and B exist - mutually exclusive – Vandal meeting Threat A - large, long range, one axis maneuver– MA-31 meeting Threat B - small, short range, two axis maneuver
• Threat C covers requirements for A and B for T&E and Training
– Original threat now not projected to be developed– ORD being revised to match secondary requirement – GQM-163 meeting Threat C - small, long range, two axis maneuver
• Threat D requirement emerged earlier than anticipated– Threat D mutually exclusive of Threat A, B and C class– Two mode profile – subsonic with supersonic endgame
FY00FY00 FY01FY01 FY02FY02 FY03FY03 FY04FY04 FY05FY05 FY06FY06 FY07FY07 FY08FY08 FY09FY09
Threat A (Vandal)Threat A (Vandal)
Threat B (MA-31)Threat B (MA-31)GQM-163 (Threat C capable) ~ 40/yrGQM-163 (Threat C capable) ~ 40/yr
Threat D (No Target) Threat D (No Target)
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VandalVandalPerformance (Threat A)
• Airspeed
Mach 2.1-2.3• Range
>40 nmi• Altitude
<30 ft• Maneuvers
>8 g• Surface Launch• Reliability
74-76%
FY75-78 FY79-82 FY83-86 FY87-90 FY91-94 FY95-98 FY99-02 FY03-06 FY07-10
TALOS Missile Conversion approved
Funded (Begin Development)
Flight Testing
Production ApprovedIOC
E&MDE&MD
Production (Conversion)
Operations & Support Program Completion
INVENTORY8G: ER: 3 EER: 71
FY T&E Training Failures
99 21 5 4
00 11 10 3
01 9 11 3
02 8 10 3
03 5 2 3
Presentations
LPD-17
SDTS / RAM
2 Diver
2 Diver6 SSST
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MA-31MA-31
SSST MNS 6 JUL 92 SSST ORD 27OCT 98
Production Approved
IOC
E&MDE&MD
Production (Conversion)
Operations & Support
INVENTORYMA-31: 2
Performance (Threat B)• Airspeed
– Low Altitude
Mach 2.3-2.6– High Altitude
Mach 3.3• Range
– Low Altitude
16 nmi– High Altitude
45 nmi• Altitude
<30 ft- 48 Kft• Maneuvers
>14 g• Air Launch (QF-4)
FCT Approved 1995
Flight Testing (FCT ) DT
Gap filler pending GQM-163A
FY05FY04FY03FY02FY01FY00FY99FY98FY97FY96
LPD-17
SDTS / RAM
2 Diver
2 Diver6 SSST
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GQM-163AGQM-163A
Performance (Threat C)• Airspeed Mach 2.0- 3.0• Range 45- 55 nmi• Altitude <15 ft• Maneuvers >10 g• Launch: Surface
Background
• Unguided Flight Test #1 Conducted 24 Jan 03
• Unguided Flight Test #2 Conducted 4 Jun 03
• Software Baselined 3 Nov 03
• Contractor / Government Guided Flight Tests planned Jan – Apr 04
Current: 0
INVENTORYLRIP I: 10
LRIP targets available pending test results
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GQM-163A SSST Program Schedule
FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05
Option Option
MS II (funded)
EMD CA MS III
FY06 FY07
Award Option
LRIP I CA
Operations & Support
FY08
Production
E&MDE&MD
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32 30 45 28
Option
Pt. M
ugu
WFF
PMRF
IOC
P3IP3I
• ATLS integration• Booster study• Dive capability study• Air launch study
IOC of activities (dates and order) tentative and will be driven by user requirements
Unguided Flights Flight Test
Resource Enhancement Program• Salvo Launch
• Enhanced Maneuvers E&MD Configuration
Targets
2 CVN-76 6 SDTS / RAM
ORD 505-86-98
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No MA-31 Deliveries
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10
VANDAL SOY Inventory MA-31 SOY InventoryGQM SOY Inventory Requirements met
SSST Inventory ProjectionSSST Inventory ProjectionSta
rt o
f Year
Invento
ry
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MA-31 Deliveries
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10
VANDAL SOY Inventory MA-31 SOY InventoryGQM SOY Inventory Requirements met
SSST Inventory ProjectionSSST Inventory ProjectionSta
rt o
f Year
Invento
ry
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AQM-37AQM-37Performance (Threat A)• Airspeed
Mach 3.0-4.0• Range
98-105 nmi• Altitude
80-100 Kft• Endurance
4 min @ M3.0• Air Launch (QF-4, TA-4, F-16)
FY60-65 FY66-71 FY72-77 FY78-83 FY84-89 FY90-95 FY96-01 FY02-07 FY08-13
Requirement approved
Funded (Begin Development)
Production Approved
IOC
E&MDE&MD
Production (Conversion)
Program Completion
INVENTORYAQM-37: 231
• Divestiture to be re-evaluated annually• Current Operations: 4 Flight profiles No software upgrades No contract with Raytheon Minimum safe team
Operations & SupportOperations & Support
FY T&E Training
01 6 11
02 8 13
03 7 7
Presentations
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QF-4QF-4Performance (Threat A)• Airspeed
Mach 2.0• Altitude
50ft-54Kft• Maneuvers
4.5g Sustained• Endurance
1.5 HoursFY89-91 FY92-94 FY95-97 FY98-00 FY01-03 FY04-06 FY07-09 FY10-12 FY13-15
QF-4S Initiated & Funded
Production ApprovedIOC
E&MDE&MD
USN Production Conversion
AST
INVENTORY
QF-4: 16
USN Operations & Support
USAF Operations & Support
USAF Production ConversionProgram Completion
FY T&E
01 7
02 7
03 18
Presentations
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QF-4 Requirements QF-4 Requirements
FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11PMA-259 3 3 3 4 2 2 2
AIM-9X DT & FOT&E - 1 - 1 -AMRAAM DT & FOT&E 3 3 3 3 2 1 2
JSF Wpns Integ IPT Office 0 0 4 4 4 4 4JSF - - 4 4 4 4 4
OPTEVFOR 7 1 12 1 6 2 6AIM-9X - 1 - 2 - 2AMRAAM 5 0 9 0 2 1 2F/A-18E/F 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
TOTAL # OF FIRINGS (Presentations) 10 4 19 9 12 8 12
ANTICIPATED EXPENDITURES 3 2 11 5 7 5 6FUNDED Procurement 3 2 2 2 2
Beginning Inventory 5 7 9* 0 (3) (8) (11)End of Year Inventory 2 5 (2) (5) (10) (13) (17)
REQUIRED Procurement 3 7 7 5 6 5 4Beginning Inventory 5 7 9* 5 7 5 6End of Year Inventory 2 5 (2) 0 0 0 0
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1 1
1
7
1
111 1
1
11
1
1
1
1
Note: * Denotes payback of one QF-4 KA from USAF - 2 year lead time (procurement to delivery) - Kill Authorizations for AMRAAM (PH IV) in FY07 and beyond is function of increased Lethality - JSF requirements were updated since previous submissions. Requirements are split between AF and Navy - Negative inventory in FY07 assumes Kill Authorization requirements pushed to FY08
1 2
1
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Subsonic TargetsSubsonic Targets
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BQM-34SBQM-34SPerformance• Airspeed
600 KTAS• Range
351 nmi• Altitude
10ft-60Kft• Endurance
131 min• Surface and Air Launch (DC-130)FY58-64 FY65-71 FY72-78 FY79-85 FY86-92 FY93-99 FY00-06 FY07-12 FY13-19
Requirement approved
BQM-34A Funded
IOC
E&MDE&MD
BQM-34S Production
BQM-34S Operations & Support
INVENTORYBQM-34S:
226
2 CVN-76
12 LPD-17BQM-34A Production
BQM-34A Operations & Support
E&MDE&MDBQM-34SProgram Completion
FY T&E Training
01 12 58
02 41 24
03 28 13
Presentations
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BQM-74EBQM-74EPerformance• Airspeed
Mach 0.82• Range
342 nmi• Altitude
7ft-40Kft• Endurance
68 min• Surface and Air Launch ( F-16,
DC-130, G-1)
FY64-68 FY69-73 FY74-78 FY79-83 FY84-88 FY89-93 FY94-98 FY99-03 FY04-08
MQM-74A requirement
Production Approved
IOC
E&MDE&MDBQM-74E Production
BQM-74E Operations & Support
INVENTORY
BQM74E:1722 CVN-76
2 SDTS / RAM
MQM-74A Operations & Support
BQM-74C Funded BQM-74C Operations & Support
BQM-74E Funded
FY T&E Training
01 109 238
02 135 248
03 94 235
Presentations
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• Low Altitude Control Enhancement (LACE) Phase I in use– 7 ft Low Altitude Cruise (LAC)– 5 in-flight selectable maneuvers
• 2 Serpentine (flat)• 3 Corkscrew
– Escape left or right
• LACE Phase II ECP Implemented April 03– Provides programmable weave maneuver capability (5G limit)– Incorporate in future production deliveries
• Steerable Antenna System (STEERAN)– Simulates active threat seeker– Improvement developed to maintain RF pointed at ship during
target maneuvers– Feb 04 production delivery
BQM-74E ImprovementsBQM-74E ImprovementsSubsonic, Radiating, Maneuvering ThreatSubsonic, Radiating, Maneuvering Threat
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BQM-74FBQM-74FPerformance• Airspeed
Mach 0.92• Range
500 nmi• Altitude
7ft-40Kft• Endurance
115 min• Surface LaunchFY00-01 FY02-03 FY04-05 FY06-07 FY08-09 FY10-11 FY12-13 FY14-15 FY16-17
Requirement Approved
Production Approval
E&MDE&MD
Production
Operations & Support
INVENTORY
BQM74F:02 SDTS / RAMFunded
Program Completion
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Upgraded Engine3D Maneuver
M 0.86
M 0.8174E
Streamlined Fuselage
Increased SpeedM 0.92
Swept WingIncreased Speed
Endurance
BQM-74BQM-74TransformationTransformation
M 0.76
74C
2D Maneuver
Straight & Level
74F
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• BQM-34S– Incorporating the BQM-74 Autopilot (upgraded IAU)– Integration, installation and flight test scheduled to be complete
by April 2005– Will provide a maneuver capability
• BQM-74F– Will provide greater IR signature– Plan to conduct IR measurements on 1st article production units
in FY07
• OSD is funding IR signature augmentation work through the Target Management Initiative (TMI) program– Both hardbody and plume signature enhancements
Subsonic Targets EnhancementsSubsonic Targets Enhancements
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Future DevelopmentFuture Development
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SSST Threat DSSST Threat D
• Feasibility Study funded via FY00/01 Targets Management Initiative – Johns Hopkins University / Applied Physics Lab (JHU/APL) study
lead– Determine feasibility of solution from combination of existing
available missile/target systems with only minor modification– Two potential solutions identified from list of over 50 missile
systems
Hawk + Tomahawk SM + Tomahawk
• Initiated risk reduction efforts at JHU/APL to evaluate above configurations (FY03/04)– FY03 complete adapter, engine and inlet modeling and analysis– FY04 wind tunnel and design refinement
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Target Control SystemsTarget Control Systems(Training Ranges)(Training Ranges)
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Navy Control System Problem
ITCS
Montage
MAGIC2
PRTCS
UHF-AFC
NAVY CONTROL SYSTEMS
NAVY ACQ MGT
PMS-325
PMA-208
AIR 5.0
PMA-248
PMS-400
FLEET
NAVY SPONSORS
NAVY TARGETS
BQM-34
BQM-74
MQM-8
QF-4
QST-33
QST-35
MST
HSMST
Target Ship
MA-31
AQM-37
New Targets
N764
N780
N912
N763
N789
OSDBQM-74F
GQM-163A
T21
4 Variants4 Xponders
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Navy Control SystemTransformation
ITCS
Montage
MAGIC2
PRTCS
UHF-AFC
NAVY CONTROL SYSTEMS
NAVY TARGETS
BQM-34
BQM-74
MQM-8
QF-4
QST-33
QST-35
MST
HSMST
Target Ship
BQM-74F
MA-31
AQM-37
T21
NAVY SPONSORS
SNTC
NAVY ACQ MGT
PMA-208
T&E Ranges Only
Supersonic Targets
GQM-163A
N764
N780
N912
N763
N789
OSD
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Training Range Control SystemTraining Range Control SystemObjectivesObjectives
• Short Term Strategy– Continue to support PMA-208 legacy control systems in the Fleet
• Vega PRTCS, ITCS, ITCS-KA, MAGICC
– Field System for Naval Target Control (SNTC) at the Training Ranges/Open Ocean
• Maintain common baseline configuration
• Long Term Strategy– Phase out legacy Target Control Systems from the field (ITCS,
ITCS-Keep Alive, PRTCS, Montage, MAGICC)– Execute a Pre-Planned Product Improvement (P3I) program to
upgrade SNTC to meet future User requirements• Surface Targets• BQM-74 LACE II
– Investigate Satellite Control For Target Operations• Successful Iridium and Globalstar demos summer 03
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Threat SimulationThreat Simulation
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MiniaturizationMiniaturization
• Reduction of the Threat Seeker and Electronic Attack (EA) capacity requirements for compatibility with:
−BQM-74−MQM-107 (Internal)−T-21
• Retain/enhance affordability
• Retain the ability for hardware and software modifications and upgrades to maintain the ability to simulate the advancing threat capabilities
• Retain modular system approach– Minimum hardware put at risk for live fire missions– Enhanced flexibility (ease of upgrade as the threat grows)– Lower procurement costs
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Threat System MiniaturizationThreat System Miniaturization(Phase 1)(Phase 1)
Initial Miniaturization(BQM-34S / Full Scale Aircraft Compatible)
•Size » 94 % Reduction•Weight » 82 % Reduction•Power » +28 VDC / 50A
•Performance » Validated “High Fidelity” simulation
•Status » In production
Threat Simulator
Threat System
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Threat System MiniaturizationThreat System Miniaturization(Phase 2)(Phase 2)
ThreatSimulator
•Size » 55% / 98% Reduction•Weight » 73% / 95% Reduction•Prime Power » 28% Reduction
•Performance » No degradation, will be validated•Status » FY-01/04 development•Cost » Projected equivalent or lower
MiniaturizedThreat Simulator
(Model)
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Transitioning TechnologyTransitioning TechnologyTo Aerial Target SystemsTo Aerial Target Systems
Stand-alonePrototypes/Demo (SBIR)
InitialIntegration
Upgraded InertialAvionics Unit (UIAU)
Challenges:Cultural resistance to change.Loose Coupling vs. Tight IntegrationStand-alone vs. Integrated Product?
Fleet/OperatorFeedback
Production“Low Risk,
Quick Kill”
The Development Team
WeaponsWeaponsDivisionDivision
China Lake, CAPoint Mugu, CA
AircraftAircraftDivisionDivision
Patuxent River, MDLakehurst, NJOrlando, FL
SurfaceSurfaceWarfareWarfareCenterCenter
Indian Head, MD
More typicalIntegration Path
INDUSTRY PARTNERS
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BQM-74 & 34 Aerial TargetBQM-74 & 34 Aerial TargetSystem EvolutionSystem Evolution
Increment 1
FY04-05UIAU
Increment 2
FY04-05AWN
Increment 3
FY06-07SAT C2
Increment 4FY07-08
CDA
Current Production
Configuration
Upgraded Integrated Avionics
Unit
AutonomousWaypoint Navigation/Mission Planning (PFPS/JMPS)
SatelliteCommand& Control
• Common “plug & play” payloads• Common SE
CommonDigital
Architecture
BQM-74/34
FY 02-03
FIELDING CHALLENGES• Cultural Issue of “Tight” Target Control
• Configuration Management•Manning & Training
• Obsolescence
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ContinuousGlobal
PositioningSystem (GPS)
Updates
Repeat Attack
LACE
LAC
No GroundControl
Station (GCS)Needed
Return toRecovery
Area
Recovery
ContinuousSatellite
Link
• Flexible Communications Capability (Satellite Control)• Autonomous Waypoint Navigation (Preprogrammed Flight)• OTH Command and Control
Advanced Technology forAdvanced Technology forAerial TargetsAerial Targets
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Advanced Technology BenefitsAdvanced Technology BenefitsAerial TargetsAerial Targets
• Provides More Realistic Training
• Supports Open Ocean Exercises
• Supports Full Spectrum of On-Range Training and Tests
• Reduced Operational Losses and Increased Recovery Rate
• Reduced Cost of Future Upgrades− Common Digital Architecture
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CAN ArchitectureCAN Architecture
Plug and Play
Autonomous Waypoint,
Satellite Control
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CAN ArchitectureCAN Architecture
Functional Block DiagramFunctional Block Diagram
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SummarySummary
• Supersonic Targets
− SSST limited inventory issues continue
− Divestiture of AQM-37 re-evaluated annually− Develop Threat “D”
•Subsonic Targets
− BQM-34 upgraded IAU effort
− BQM-74E improvements to meet near term requirements (carryover to BQM-74F)− BQM-74F development progressing
• Provides future subsonic target capabilities for T&E
• Other
− Power Dive
− IR Signature