Download - Advances in Gyroscope Technologies
BASIC CONCEPTS OF FLIGHT MECHANICS.
Advances in Gyroscope TechnologiesMr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD081st Semester M. Tech in Machine Design
Guided byDr. B. N. RAVIKUMARProfessor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangalore Institute of Technology Bangalore
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
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The device for measuring or maintaining orientationClassification based on working principle
The GyroscopeTypePrincipleSpinning mass Gyro Conservation of angular momentumVibrating gyro Coriolis effectOptical Gyro Sagnac effectSuperfluid gyro Quantum PrincipleNuclear Magnetic Resonance Gyro Magnetic effect
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Spinning mass gyroscopeThe spinning mass tend to resist any change in its angular momentum and hence orientation. LimitationsSize, weight, priceBearing Friction and wearShock and vibration sensitiveHigher initialization timeHigher power consumption
Fig.1: Spinning mass gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Vibrating gyroscopesIt works on the principle that a vibrating mass remains in the same plane even though the base is movedThe frequency is chosen close to resonance such that large amplitudes of vibration are observedAnim.1: Halteres in some two winged insectsact as gyroscope
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
MEMS GyroMicro-mass connected to housing through springsThe housing connected to fixed circuit board by set of secondary orthogonal springsThe motion is measured as a change in capacitanceMEMS commercially available and inexpensive and small in size
Fig.2: MEMs Gyro Construction
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Bosch MEMs Gyro Sensor
Anim.2: Bosch Vehicle stability control system utilizing MEMS Gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Hemispherical Resonator GyroDriven by electrostatic forces generated by electrodesRequire very high Q-FactorIt is not sensitive external environmental perturbations & vibrations, accelerations and shocksIt requires sophisticated manufacturing tools. Fig.3: Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope or wine-glass gyroscope or mushroom gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Optical GyroInterferometry techniquesPrinciple constancy of speed of lightStationary source and moving source path difference Sagnac effectThe path phase difference angular velocity
Fig.4: Principle of Optical Gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Ring Laser Gyro (RLG)It is active (laser is resonator) gyroLaser is guided by mirrorsCommonly used is He-Ne LaserNotable ApplicationsAgni III, Shaurya missile, HAL Tejas, Boeing 777, Airbus A320Limitationslarge size and weight Fabrication and cost
Anim.3: Principle of Laser Ring Gyroscope
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Optic Fiber Gyroscope (FOG)AdvantagesPropagation medium doesn't have any effectInsensitive to vibration, noise and shockLong Life No moving partsLimitationsEnvironmental effects (Temperature)Length Vs. Sagnac effect
Fig.5: Principle of Optic fiber gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Superfluid Gyro
Fig.6: Principle of superfluid Gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance GyroIsotopes Nuclei non-zero overall spin angular moment & magnetic moment parallel to it. Exposure to external magnetic field not parallel to the magnetic moment precession of spin axis about external field
Fig.7: Construction of NMR Gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
TypePerformanceCostSizeMechanical*****ExpensiveLargeOptical*****ModerateModerateVibration***CheapSmall
Comparison of GyroscopesOptical Gyro are suited for Higher Performance applications such as in Inertial NavigationVibrating Gyroscopes are suite for low cost applications such as in Smartphones where performance is not a major factor
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
ApplicationsConsumer ElectronicsGamingSports trackingToysSmartphonesInertial Navigation SystemsStability controlIndustrial Robotics and Precision MachineryOptical Image stabilization
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Inertial Navigation systemsAnim.4: Applications to Submarine, Ships and Space Vehicles
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Optical Image Stabilization
Anim.5: Gyro Controlled helicopter for Photography. Anim.6: Manually handled Camera for Photography
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Robotics and MachineryUsed in machinery for precise motion controlsAnim.7: Robots without (Left) and with(right) gyro
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
Stability Control
Anim.10: Ryno Motors MonocycleAnim 11: The McLean Wheel
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
THANK YOU
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Post Graduate Studies
M. Tech in MACHINE DESIGNBatch-2014-2016Mr. PRUTHVIRAJ A1BI14MMD08May -June- 2015
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