Download - Activity 10-vessels-circulation
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Activity #10:Vessels and Circulation
Chapter 23 – McKinley et al., Human Anatomy, 4e.
Objectives:• Observe and sketch histology slide of an artery and a vein
and identify structures on each.• Identify structures and vessels involved in pulmonary
circulation on cadavers and classroom models.• Identify structures and vessels involved in systemic
circulation (by region) on cadavers and classroom models.
1Compilation: Lisa Radmall
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Vessels: Layers of Vessel Wall
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• Tunica intima• Thin, innermost layer of vessel wall.
• Endothelium and thin layer of areolar connective tissue.
• Tunica media• Middle layer of vessel wall, thickest layer in arteries.
• Smooth muscle cells, circular arrangement for vasoconstriction
when contracted and vasodilation when relaxed.
• Tunica externa• Outermost layer of vessel wall, thickest layer in veins.
• Areolar connective tissue, helps to anchor vessels to other
structures.
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Vessels: Layers of Vessel Wall
3Fig. 23.1
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Vessels: System Comparison
4Fig. 23.3
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Vessels: Histology
5Fig. 23.2
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Vessels: Histology
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Vessels: Identification on Cadavers
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• Arteries• Round shape
• Collapse when ‘pinched’ (hollow lumen)
• Rebounds to round shape
• Veins• Flat shape
• Usually collapsed
• Often dark in color
• Nerves• Round shape
• Does not collapse when ‘pinched’ (contains nerve fibers)
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Circulation: Overview
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Pulmonary Circulation carries
deoxygenated blood from right
ventricle through pulmonary trunk
and ultimately to capillary beds of
the lungs, then carries oxygenated
blood back through the pulmonary
veins to the left atrium.
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Circulation: Overview
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Systemic circulation carries
oxygenated blood from the left
ventricle of the heart through the
aorta, ultimately to the capillary
beds of systemic body organs, then
carries deoxygenated blood back to
the right atrium
Note: Coronary arterial and venous circulation is
also part of systemic circulation and was covered
in the previous laboratory activity.
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Pulmonary Circulation
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Pulm
onar
ytru
nk
Left
Rightpulmonaryveins
Rightpulmonary artery
Left pulmonary artery
Left pulmonarycapillaries
Rightpulmonarycapillaries
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Pulm
onar
ytr
unk
(A) A
scen
ding
Aorta
Systemic Circulation: Arterial Flow Away From Heart
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Aorta – Carries oxygenated blood from
the left ventricle to body organs and tissues.
• Ascending aorta• Left & right coronary arteries.
Supplies heart muscle.
• (A) Aortic arch - ABCs• (B) Brachiocephalic trunk
• (C) Left common carotid artery
• (S) Left subclavian artery
• Descending Aorta• Descending thoracic aorta
(above diaphragm)
• Descending abdominal aorta
(below diaphragm)
Aortic Arch
(B) Brachiocephalic trunk
(C) Left Common Carotid Artery
(S) Left Subclavian Artery
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Systemic Circulation: Venous Return to Heart
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• Superior vena cava• Returns deoxygenated blood from head, neck, thorax, and upper limbs to right
atrium.
• Inferior vena cava• Returns deoxygenated blood from the lower limbs, abdomen, and perineum to right
atrium.
• Coronary sinus• Returns deoxygenated blood from heart muscle to right atrium.
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Systemic Circulation: Blood Flow to/from Heart
13Fig. 22.5b
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Circulation: Head and Neck – Arterial Supply
14Fig. 23.10a
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Circulation: Head and Neck – Arterial Supply
15Fig. 23.11a
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Circulation: Head and Neck – Venous Drainage
16Fig. 23.11b
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Circulation: Head and Neck – Venous Drainage
17Fig. 23.10b
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Circulation: Ventral Cavity – Arterial Supply
18Fig. 23.12
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Circulation: Ventral Cavity – Celiac Trunk
19Fig. 23.15a
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Circulation: Ventral Cavity – Mesenteric Arteries
20Fig. 23.15b
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Circulation: Ventral Cavity – Venous Drainage
21Fig. 23.13
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Circulation: Hepatic Portal System
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A portal system consists of two capillary beds in a series connected by a
portal vein.
The hepatic portal system is a venous network that drains the GI tract
and shunts blood to the liver for absorption and processing of
transported materials. (p.703) Blood drained from the abdominal organs is
processed in the liver’s wide sinusoid capillaries before returning to
systemic venous circulation.
(1st capillary beds)
(2nd capillary bed)
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Circulation: Hepatic Portal System
23Fig. 23.16
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Circulation: Hepatic Portal System Mnemonic
24Table 23.3
Visual Mnemonic: The location of the main veins of the hepatic portal system seem to form a visual “chair” when isolated.
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Circulation: Arterial Supply to Upper Limb
25Fig. 23.19a
**All vessels are paired**(right and left sides)
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Circulation: Venous Return to Upper Limb
26Fig. 23.19b
**All vessels are paired**(right and left sides)
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Circulation: Arterial Supply to Lower Limb
27Fig. 23.20a
**All vessels are paired**(right and left sides)
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Circulation: Venous Return to Lower Limb
28Fig. 23.20b
**All vessels are paired**(right and left sides)
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Circulatory System - Summary
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Circulatory System – Plastinated Vessels
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Image References
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Pulmonary Circulation: https://healthconspiracyblog.files.wordpress.com/2015/01/heart.jpg, www.ck12.org