THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
of the
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION and
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Monday, April 4, 2016
9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey
PROGRAM
Fiber Optics Auditorium Busch Campus
Piscataway, New Jersey
Laboratory for
Surface Modification
Nano Physics
Laboratory
THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY Laboratory for
Surface Modification
Nano Physics
Laboratory
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 2
8:30 Registration, coffee
9:00 Introductory Remarks
Professor Torgny Gustafsson,
Director, Laboratory for Surface Modification
SESSION I:
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
Chair: Prof. Leonard Feldman
VP Physical Science and Engineering Partnerships
Director, IAMDN
9:05 Zinc(II) Tetraphenylporphyrin on Ag(100) and Ag(111): Multilayer
Desorption and Dehydrogenation Charles Ruggieri
1*, Sylvie Rangan
1, Robert A. Bartynski
1 and Elena Galoppini
2
1Department of Physics and Astronomy and
2Chemistry Department, Rutgers - Newark
9:20 Surface Modification for Immobilization of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for
Biomedical and Energy Application
Sakshi Sardar3*, Mehdi Javanmard
2 and Laura Fabris
1
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University,
2Department of
Electrical and computer engineering, Rutgers University and 3 Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Rutgers University
9:35 Kinetic Study of Interfacial SiO2 Scavenging in HfO2 Gate Stacks on Si
Substrate Xiuyan Li, Takeaki Yajima, Tomonori Nishimura and Akira Toriumi Department of Materials Engineering, the University of Tokyo, Japan
9:50 Electron Dynamics at Metal-Organic Interfaces: Triplet and Singlet Excitons Shou-Feng Zhang
1,2* and Michele Pavanello
1
1Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University – Newark and
2Institute of Theoretical
Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
9:50 – 10:20 Coffee Break and Poster Session
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 3
SESSION II:
BIOMEDICAL SYSTEMS AND SURFACES
Chair: Prof. Robert Bartynski
Chair, Department of Physics and Astronomy
10:20 **HIGHLIGHT PRESENTATION**
Visualizing Molecular Assemblies inside Cells by CryoEM and CryoET
Wei Dai
Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Center for Integrative Proteomics
Research, Rutgers University
11:00 The Effects of Scaffold Mechanical Cues on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Corina E. White* and Ronke M. Olabisi
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University
11:15 Electronic Quantification of Circulating Cancer Cells Based on Bead-CTC
Aggregate Sizing
Zhongtian Lin1*, Pengfei Xie
1, Siang-Yo Lin
2, Milton Liu
1, Joseph R. Bertino
2 and
Mehdi Javanmard1
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University and
2Rutgers
Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University
11:30 The Solid State Conversion Reaction of Epitaxial CoO Films Studied by
STM and ARXPS Ryan Thorpe*, Sylvie Rangan, Adrian Howanski and Robert A. Bartynski
Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Surface Modification, Rutgers
University
11:45 Surface Studies of an Ionic Liquid on Noble and Transition Metals Aleksandra B. Biedron
1*, Sylvie Rangan
2, Edward W. Castner, Jr.
1 and Eric L.
Garfunkel1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and
2Department of Physics and
Astronomy, Rutgers University
12:00 – 1:00 Lunch and Poster Session
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 4
POSTER PAPERS:
1) Helium Ion Microscopy Characterization and Analysis of Biological
Structures Viacheslav Manichev
1,3*, Hao Wang
2,3, Eric Garfunkel
1,3, Leonard C. Feldman
2,3 and
Torgny Gustafsson2,3
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,
2Department of Physics and
Astronomy, and Laboratory for Surface Modification and 3Institute for Advanced
Materials Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
2) Multiplexed Molecule Assays using Nanoelectronically Barcoded Beads Pengfei Xie*, Zhongtian Lin, Xinnan Cao
and Mehdi Javanmard
1 Electrical Engineering, Rutgers University
3) Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) Thin Film based Electochemical Sensor for
Detection of Nitrite in Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC) Azam Gholizadeh
1*, Damien Voiry
2, Cliff Wiesel
3, Howard Kipen
3, Robert Laumbach
3,
Manish Chhowalla2 and Mehdi Javanmard
1
1ECE Department, Rutgers University,
2Material Science Department, Rutgers University
and 3EOHSI, Rutgers University
4) First Principles Light Alkane Dehydrogenation with Hydrogen Spectators on
Pt: Main Group Alloys Alec Hook* and Fuat E. Celik
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University
5) Correct Implementation of Polarization Constants in Wurtzite Materials and
Impact on IIInitrides Cyrus E. Dreyer
1, Anderson Janotti
2, Chris G. Van de Walle
2 and David Vanderbilt
1
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University and
2Materials Department,
University of California, Santa Barbara
6) Electrocatalysts for Bidirectional O2 Reduction & Evolution from Water by
Intermetallic Molybdate Oxides/Nitrides Graeme Gardner
1*, Jack Weber
1, Spencer Porter
1, Shinjae Hwang
1, Martha Greenblatt
1
and G. Charles Dismukes1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University
7) TEM-EELS Study of NCA Battery Cathode and Standard Material Alexander Kong*, Pinaki Mukherjee, Nathalie Pareira, Glenn Amatucci and Frederic
Cosandey
Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 5
8) New Layered Honeycomb Tellurates: PbMn(IV)TeO6 and BiM(III)TeO6
(M = Cr, Fe) Sun Woo Kim
1, Zheng Deng
1, Man-Rong Li
1, Zachary Fischer
1, Arnab Sen Gupta
2,
Hirofumi Akamatsu2, Saul H. Lapidus
3, Peter W. Stephens
4, Venkatraman Gopalan
2,
Corey Evans1, Xiaoyan Tan
1 and Martha Greenblatt
1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University,
2Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,3Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory and
4Department of
Physics & Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook
9) Fabrication and Characterization of Nanowires using a Helium Ion
Microscope Takane Kobayashi
1,2, Hao Wang
2, Slava Manichev
2, Wen Sen Lu
2, Torgny Gustafsson
2
and Leonard C. Feldman3
1RIKEN, Wako, Japan,
2Department of Physics and Astronomy and
3Institute for
Advanced Materials, Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
10) A Novel Stress Measurement Method and Oxidation Induced Stress at the
SiO2/SiC Interface Xiuyan Li
1,3, Alexei Ermakov
1, Voshadhi Amarasinghe
3, Torgny Gustafsson
2,3, Leonard
C Feldman2,3
and Eric, Garfunkel1,3
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,
2Department of Physics and Astronomy
and 3Institute for Advanced Materials, Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
11) Observation of Quasielastic Peaks in Raman Scattering Study of CeB6 Mai Ye
1*, Alexander Lee
1, Hsiang-Hsi Kung
1, Girsh Blumberg
1,2, Priscila F. S. Rosa
3,
Joe D. Thompson3, Eric D. Bauer
3 and Zachary Fisk
4
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University,
2National Institute of
Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia, 3Los Alamos National Laboratory,
NM and 4Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California
12) Stepwise Detection of Antigens Using Aptamer Triggered DNAzyme Signal
Amplification Tianran Li* and Jinglin Fu
The Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University - Camden 13) Pattering of SiC Surfaces by a Helium Ion Microscope
Hao Wang1, 2
, Ethan Torrey3, Mengjun Li
4, Can Xu
1, 2, Voshadhi Amarasinghe
2, Eric
Garfunkel2, 4
, Torgny Gustafsson1, 2
, Philip I. Cohen3 and Leonard C. Feldman
1, 2
1Department of Physics and Astronomy,
2Institute for Advanced Materials, Devices and
Nanotechnology (IAMDN), 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
University of Minnesota and 4Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers
University
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 6
14) Microspatial Control of Mineralization via Covalent Immobilization of
Nacre Proteins onto Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogels Kristopher White
1* and Ronke Olabisi
2
1Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University and
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 7
SESSION III:
SURFACES, INTERFACES AND NOVEL METHODS
Chair: Professor David Vanderbilt
Board of Governors Professor
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University
1:00 WELCOMING REMARKS Prof. Ronald Ransome
Dean of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
School of Arts and Sciences
1:05 **HIGHLIGHT PRESENTATION**
Shining Light on the Flatland Jak Chakhalian
Center for Artificial Quantum Materials University of Arkansas, Physics Department,
Fayetteville, AR
1:45 Photoemission Studies of Biased Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Structures Malathi Kalyanikar
1*, Sylvie Rangan
2, Junxi Duan
2, Gang Lu
3, Robert Bartynski
2, Eva
Andrei2, Leonard Feldman
3 and Eric Garfunkel
1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University,
2Department of
Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University and 3Institute for Advanced Materials,
Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
2:00 Chiral Exciton in the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3 Hsiang-Hsi Kung
1*, M. Salehi
2, X. Wang
1,3, N. Koirala
1, M. Brahlek
1, A. Lee
1, S.-W.
Cheong1,3
, S. Oh1 and G. Blumberg
1
1Department of Physics and Astronomy,
2Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, 3Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials, Rutgers University
2:15 Ferroelectricity in Corundum Derivatives Meng Ye* and David Vanderbilt
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University
2:30 – 3:00 Afternoon Break
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 8
SESSION IV:
ELECTROCHEMISTRY, CATALYSIS AND BATTERIES
Chair: Prof. John Brennan
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
3:00 Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution on a Low-Phosphorus Content
Crystalline Phase of Nickel Phosphide Anders B. Laursen
1,2, M. J. Whitaker
1, R. B. Wexler
3, A. M. Rappe
3, M. Greenblatt
1 and
G. C. Dismukes1,2
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,
2IAMDN, Rutgers University and
3University of Pennsylvania
3:15 Metallic 1T Phase MoS2 Nanosheets as Electrochemical Actuator Materials Muharrem Acerce* and Manish Chhowalla
Material Science and Engineering, Rutgers University
3:30 High Pressure High Temperature Annealing of Anatase TiO2 for Increased
Photocatalytic Activity Ashley M. Pennington*, Katelyn A. Dagnall, Rachel A. Yang and Fuat E. Celik
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University
3:45 Behavior of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05 O2 Battery Cathode Materials at High Voltages Pinaki Mukherjee
1, Dong Su
2, Nathalie Pareira
1, Glenn Amatucci
1 and Frederic
Cosandey1
1Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University and
2Center for Functional
Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory
4:00 Thermal Reduction of Graphene Oxide Investigated by Electron
Spectroscopy Alessandro Ruocco
1, G. Di Filippo
1, A. Liscio
2, V. Palermo
2 and G. Stefani
1
1Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Roma Italy and
2 ISOF - Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche Bologna, Bologna Italy
4:15 Presentation of Theodore E. Madey Student Award: Best Oral Presentation
Presentation of Leszek Wielunski Student Award: Best Poster Presentation
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 9
ABSTRACTS FOR TALKS
9:05 Zinc(II) Tetraphenylporphyrin on Ag(100) and Ag(111): Multilayer
Desorption and Dehydrogenation Charles Ruggieri
1*, Sylvie Rangan
1, Robert A. Bartynski
1 and Elena Galoppini
2
1Department of Physics and Astronomy and
2Chemistry Department, Rutgers - Newark
The interaction between zinc(II) tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) molecules and the
Ag(100) and Ag(111) surfaces is investigated using a combination of scanning tunneling
microscopy as a local probe of the molecular adsorption configuration and x-ray,
ultraviolet and inverse photoemissions as probes of the electronic structure. For each
surface, a monolayer of ZnTPP, formed by multilayer desorption, exhibits a highly
ordered structure in registry with the underlying surface lattice. Subsequent annealing
leads to a transition from intact molecular adsorption to dehydrogenation and subsequent
rehybridization. This rehybridization is both intramolecular, with a flattening of the
molecules and a measurable alteration of the electronic structure, and intermolecular
leading to growth of extended covalently bound structures.
9:20 Surface Modification for Immobilization of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for
Biomedical and Energy Application Sakshi Sardar
3*, Mehdi Javanmard
2 and Laura Fabris
1
1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University,
2Department of
Electrical and computer engineering, Rutgers University and 3 Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Rutgers University
Anisotropy and aspect ratio tunability of nanorods make these particles highly desirable
for sensing purposes. However, they tend to aggregate when the surfactant bilayer is
disrupted. In our work, we immobilize gold nanorods on glass substrates using a small
molecule tether, leading to a uniform distribution of the rods throughout the substrate
with limited to no aggregation. This method allows us to apply an electric field to the
substrate, potentially leading to an alignment of the rods with the field. These substrates
can find potential applications as sensing platforms for the detection of proteins,
oligonucleotides, and small molecule metabolites.
9:35 Kinetic Study of Interfacial SiO2 Scavenging in HfO2 Gate Stacks on Si
Substrate Xiuyan Li, Takeaki Yajima, Tomonori Nishimura and Akira Toriumi Department of Materials Engineering, the University of Tokyo, Japan SiO2 interface layer (SiO2-IL) scavenging in high-k gate stacks has been proposed to achieve effective-oxide-thickness (EOT) scaling in state-of-the-art microelectronic devices. Understanding the reaction-diffusion process in the scavenging is critically required for further EOT scaling as well as for interface materials science. We present a kinetic study of SiO2-IL scavenging by paying attention to Si/SiO2 interactions in addition to both oxygen and Si diffusion, followed by a detailed picture of how SiO2-IL scavenging is induced via both substrate effects and VO injection from HfO2. We further demonstrate that SiO2-IL scavenging can be extended to new channel materials containing Si.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 10
9:50 Electron Dynamics at Metal-Organic Interfaces: Triplet and Singlet Excitons Shou-Feng Zhang
1,2* and Michele Pavanello
1
1Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University – Newark and
2Institute of Theoretical
Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
The performance of opto-electronic devices predominantly depends on the properties of
their internal interfaces. Many experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to
understand the film morphology and the valence electronic structure at the metal-organic
interfaces, however, little has been done to interrogate the excited states. Here, by using
real-time subsystem TDDFT we have modeled triplet and singlet excitons in crystal
pentacene. We have found that the Coulomb interaction between triplet and singlet
pentacenes gives rise to interesting state mixing leading to exciton energy shift compared
to the spin-pure excitons. Combining the method with Ehrenfest dynamics, we report
preliminary results regarding triplet and singlet excitations at pentacene/Au(111)
interface. Particular attention has been paid to the spectral broadening given by the
presence of the semi-infinite metal surface.
10:20 **HIGHLIGHT PRESENTATION**
Visualizing Molecular Assemblies inside Cells by CryoEM and CryoET Wei Dai
Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Center for Integrative Proteomics
Research, Rutgers University
Three dimensional cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM), in which biological samples are
preserved in a thin layer of vitreous ice and then imaged with an electron microscope,
offers scientists structure of proteins in their native state at varying resolution. There are
two major branches of cryoEM: single particle analysis and tomography. In my
presentation, I will show two examples of using integrated approach of single particle
reconstruction and cellular tomography to visualize macromolecular protein complexes
while they carry out their cellular functions. I will also discuss recent technical
breakthroughs that promoted cryoEM as the Method of the Year 2015.
11:00 The Effects of Scaffold Mechanical Cues on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Corina E. White* and Ronke M. Olabisi
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly functional cell monolayer responsible
for maintaining a healthy retina, and therefore vision. In several disease pathologies the
RPE becomes dysfunctional causing death of the retina and eventual blindness. Cell
transplantation using a polymer scaffold has been proven to be a promising approach for
the treatment of such diseases. However, current challenges associated with this approach
include cell dedifferentiation and inflammation post-transplantation. We hypothesize that
through the design and optimization of scaffold cues such as mechanical properties and
surface conjugated signaling molecules, these challenges can be addressed. The presented
work, for the first time, investigates how the scaffold surface mechanical cues affect
adhesion and expression of cells cultured on the scaffold.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 11
11:15 Electronic Quantification of Circulating Cancer Cells Based on Bead-CTC
Aggregate Sizing Zhongtian Lin
1*, Pengfei Xie
1, Siang-Yo Lin
2, Milton Liu
1, Joseph R. Bertino
2 and
Mehdi Javanmard1
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University and
2Rutgers
Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University
Rapid quantification of surface markers on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can allow for
prediction of patient response to various cancer drugs. Here, we implemented an
electrical-impedance based biochip for quantification of proteins on surfaces of cancer
cells. We demonstrated proof-of-concept based on detection of matriptase proteins on the
surface of CTCs. Matriptase, a membrane-bound serine type II protease, is overexpressed
in most CTCs. Our assay works by coating magnetic beads with an anti-matriptase
monoclonal antibody (M69) and then mixing the beads with isolated CTCs. The
expression of matriptase on the membrane of CTCs results in bead-CTC aggregation. The
level of matriptase is detected by our biochip based on the Bead-CTC aggregate sizing.
11:30 The Solid State Conversion Reaction of Epitaxial CoO Films Studied by
STM and ARXPS Ryan Thorpe*, Sylvie Rangan, Adrian Howanski and Robert A. Bartynski
Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Surface Modification, Rutgers
University
Cobalt (II) oxide is a promising electrode material for Li-ion conversion batteries,
undergoing the following reversible redox reaction upon exposure to lithium:
2Li + CoO ↔ Li2O + Co0
In order to characterize the phase progression and morphology of the Li-CoO reaction,
epitaxial CoO(100) and (111) films were exposed to lithium in UHV. The early stages of
the reaction were then characterized with STM, while the diffusion of Li into the films
and simultaneous reduction of CoO was quantified using ARXPS. For CoO(111) films,
the conversion reaction spread from step edges and defect sites across the surface of the
film and then proceeded in a layer-by-layer fashion into the bulk. Conversely, the Li-
CoO(100) reaction proceeded deep into the film at preferential reaction sites before
spreading across the rest of the surface. The differences in these reactions can be
understood from a geometrical analysis of the CoO surfaces.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 12
11:45 Surface Studies of an Ionic Liquid on Noble and Transition Metals Aleksandra B. Biedron
1*, Sylvie Rangan
2, Edward W. Castner, Jr.
1 and Eric L.
Garfunkel1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and
2Department of Physics and
Astronomy, Rutgers University
Ionic liquids are a new class of materials with unique properties that hold great promise
for a wide range of applications. This work examines the chemical and structural
properties of the interaction of the IL in Figure 1 with Cu(100) and Au(111) surfaces.
Ultrathin films were prepared by physical vapor deposition and characterized with x-
ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning
tunneling microscopy. Results suggest a much stronger interaction with Cu(100) than
with Au(111), leading to much lower ionic mobility and to the unexpected preservation
of chemical integrity of all adsorbed species.
Figure 1: Ionic Liquid used in our studies
Acknowledgements: NSF, via the Nanotechnology for Clean Energy IGERT
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 13
1:05 **HIGHLIGHT PRESENTATION**
Shining Light on the Flatland Jak Chakhalian
Center for Artificial Quantum Materials University of Arkansas, Physics Department,
Fayetteville, AR
Complex oxides are a class of materials characterized by a variety of competing
interactions that create a subtle balance to define the lowest energy state and lead to a
wide diversity of intriguing properties ranging from high Tc superconductivity to exotic
magnetism and orbital phenomena. By utilizing bulk properties of these materials as a
starting point, we can now design unusual lattice geometries dressed with transition
metals ions including a generalized graphene lattice.
The broken lattice symmetry, strain, and altered chemical and electronic environments
then provide a unique laboratory to manipulate the subtle energy balance and enable
novel quantum many-body states not attainable in bulk. Understanding of these phases,
however, requires detailed microscopic studies of the heterostructure properties. In this
talk I will review our very recent results on graphene-like structures with Ni [1], and the
emergence of a spin and orbit polarized 2D electron gas in 3-“color” heterojuetions of
rare-earth titanites La/Sr/YTiO3 [2] to illustrate recently uncovered principles of rational
materials design [3].
1. S. Middey et al, “Mott Electrons in an Artificial Graphene-like Crystal of Rare-Earth
Nickelates”, PRL 116, 056801 (2016)
2. Yanwei Cao et al, “Magnetic Interactions at the Nanoscale in Tri-layer Titanates”, PRL 116,
076802 (2016)
3. J. Chakhalian et al, “Emergent properties hidden in plane view: Strong correlations at oxide
interfaces“, Review of Modern Physics, v. 86, (2014)
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 14
1:45 Photoemission Studies of Biased Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Structures Malathi Kalyanikar
1*, Sylvie Rangan
2, Junxi Duan
2, Gang Lu
3, Robert Bartynski
2, Eva
Andrei2, Leonard Feldman
3 and Eric Garfunkel
1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University,
2Department of
Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University and 3Institute for Advanced Materials,
Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
Electrostatic potential changes across thin films are of great importance for understanding
the properties of multilayered structures and devices. In this work, x-ray photoemission
studies are performed on a biased graphene/SiO2(6nm)/Si structure in order to determine
the potential profile across an entire metal-insulator-semiconductor stack. The core-levels
of the different elements provide a measure of the local potential and are used to
reconstruct the potential profile as a function of the each photoemission peak probing
depth. A linear potential drop is found across the oxide, with an offset at each interface.
2:00 Chiral Exciton in the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3 Hsiang-Hsi Kung
1*, M. Salehi
2, X. Wang
1,3, N. Koirala
1, M. Brahlek
1, A. Lee
1, S.-W.
Cheong1,3
, S. Oh1 and G. Blumberg
1
1Department of Physics and Astronomy,
2Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, 3Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials, Rutgers University
We report the observation of a highly polarized photoluminescence peak in the
topological insulator Bi2Se3. The emission preserves the helicity of the excitation
photon, similar to the chiral exciton recently demonstrated in transition metal
dichalcogenide monolayers. The excitation profile is maximized around 2.60 eV,
suggesting that the chiral exciton is due to interband transition between a bulk band and
unoccupied topological surface states. We demonstrate that the polarization of the
exciton emission is insensitive to temperature and Bi2Se3 film thickness, providing a
convenient and robust platform for optoelectronic applications.
2:15 Ferroelectricity in Corundum Derivatives Meng Ye* and David Vanderbilt
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University
The search and discovery of new ferroelectric (FE) materials can broad our understanding
of FE mechanisms and extend the application of FE materials. Corundum derivatives are
a class of material with chemical formula ABO3 or A2BB’O6 in corundum structure. A
few corundum derivatives, e.g. LiNbO3, are FE. Recently, many polar corundum
derivatives have been synthesized under high pressure in laboratory. In this talk, I will
discuss the condition under which the structure can be FE. The coherent as well as the
domain-wall mediated FE switching barrier for corundum derivatives are studied using
first-principles method. A few new FE materials are predicted and these results can
greatly accelerate the experimental discovery of new FE material in corundum derivative
family.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
LABORATORY FOR SURFACE MODIFICATION
INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS, DEVICES AND
NANOTECHNOLOGY
* = Student Presenter 15
3:00 Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution on a Low-Phosphorus Content
Crystalline Phase of Nickel Phosphide Anders B. Laursen
1,2, M. J. Whitaker
1, R. B. Wexler
3, A. M. Rappe
3, M. Greenblatt
1 and
G. C. Dismukes1,2
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,
2IAMDN, Rutgers University and
3University of Pennsylvania
Electrochemical water splitting promises to be essential for the development and
application of renewable energy sources, like solar and wind and an environmentally
friendly source for sustainable fertilizer production. Since 2013, many transition-metal
phosphides have been reported as potential replacements for Pt - the archetypical
electrocatalyst for H2 evolution (laboratories & industry). Recently, we reported Ni5P4
with electrical efficiency comparable to Pt and excellent corrosion resistance. Here, we
present the synthesis and benchmarking of Ni3P, another member of the extensive nickel
phosphide family of stoichiometric crystalline compounds. Nickel-rich electrocatalysts
are expected to be unstable in acidic electrolytes similarly to pure nickel metal. By
contrast, here we demonstrate that crystalline Ni3P shows high activity and excellent
stability in both acid and alkaline solution. A structural analysis, based on previously
published/unpublished DFT calculations, offers insights into the systematic trends in
electrocatalytic efficiency across the nickel phosphide series. Supported by a joint DOE-
EERE/NSF-CBET grant, NATCO, DOE-BES, DOE, NSF, NERSC, & Rutgers.
3:15 Metallic 1T Phase MoS2 Nanosheets as Electrochemical Actuator Materials Muharrem Acerce* and Manish Chhowalla
Material Science and Engineering, Rutgers University
Here we demonstrate chemically exfoliated nanosheets of metallic 1T phase MoS2 as an
electrochemical actuator. Previously, we reported that 1T phase MoS2 is an attractive
material for supercapacitor application. High charge storage performance can be
attributed to high electrical conductivity, surface charges and dynamic expansion of
layers via cation intercalation. We recently found that charge storage also leads up to
0.6% reversible electrode expansion. Considering this phenomena, we fabricated bimorph
actuator with 1T MoS2 and successfully transformed the electrical energy directly to
mechanical energy.
3:30 High Pressure High Temperature Annealing of Anatase TiO2 for Increased
Photocatalytic Activity Ashley M. Pennington*, Katelyn A. Dagnall, Rachel A. Yang and Fuat E. Celik
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is of interest in photocatalysis due to its photoactivity under UV
illumination and its stability under reaction conditions. Through high pressure annealing
in hydrogen, we have successfully decreased the band gap energy (BGE) of anatase TiO2
to 3.07 eV. EPR spectroscopy revealed an increase in reduced Ti3+
centers in the TiO2
samples after annealing under both nitrogen and hydrogen pressure, but nitrogen was less
effective at decreasing the BGE and aiding in photocatalytic activity. Hydrogen evolution
and reactant conversion from both methane steam reforming and methanol oxidation
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were studied to compare the increased photocatalytic activity of the modified TiO2 to the
unmodified anatase.
3:45 Behavior of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05 O2 Battery Cathode Materials at High Voltages Pinaki Mukherjee
1, Dong Su
2, Nathalie Pareira
1, Glenn Amatucci
1 and Frederic
Cosandey1
1Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University and
2Center for Functional
Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory
Recent commercial use of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05 O2 (NCA) as battery cathode material has
generated significant interest with an aim to enhance its properties. At present, due to
safety concerns these materials are used at a maximum of 3.6V, at which only 50% of Li
can be extracted out of the cathode and thereby enormously limiting its capacity. The
formation of surface phases at high voltages is primarily responsible for this capacity-
limiting behavior. We study the evolution of the surface phases, their composition and
valence with voltage using atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy
(STEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
4:00 Thermal Reduction of Graphene Oxide Investigated by Electron
Spectroscopy Alessandro Ruocco
1, G. Di Filippo
1, A. Liscio
2, V. Palermo
2 and G. Stefani
1
1Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Roma Italy and
2 ISOF - Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche Bologna, Bologna Italy
Graphene oxide (GO)[1]
is emerging as a versatile material for applications in
nanoscience and nanotechnology because of its easier production and processability as
well as simple chemical functionalization respect to graphene. The electrical and the
optical properties of GO are easily controlled by reductive processes.[2]
The annealing
in ultra high vacuum (UHV) is an effective free-contaminant process to obtain the
progressive elimination of oxygen from the single GO sheet.[3]
In this paper we present the evolution of the electronic structure of GO single sheets as a
function of the temperature in the range 150 – 750 °C in UHV. We studied a GO layer
corresponding to a partial coverage of 90% of single sheets spin-coated from aqueous
solutions on single crystal silicon substrate covered by a silicon oxide film. The
electronic structure of the system under consideration is studied by XPS, UPS and EELS.
We observe several spectroscopic changes as a function of temperature. In particular,
-plasmon loss in the EELS
spectrum and the appearance of electronic state at Fermi level in the UPS spectrum
indication of the metallization of the system. The reduction of the GO layer and the
formation of graphene-like layer is also indicated by a reduction in the intensity of the C-
H stretching mode.
[1] D. A. Dikin et al., Nature 448, 457 (2007)
[2] X. Wang et al., Nano Letters 8, 323 (2008)
[3] R. Larciprete et al, JACS 133, 17315 (2011)
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ABSTRACTS FOR POSTERS
1) Helium Ion Microscopy Characterization and Analysis of Biological
Structures Viacheslav Manichev
1,3*, Hao Wang
2,3, Eric Garfunkel
1,3, Leonard C. Feldman
2,3 and
Torgny Gustafsson2,3
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,
2Department of Physics and
Astronomy, and Laboratory for Surface Modification and 3Institute for Advanced
Materials Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
Using Helium Ion Microscope we are pursuing collaborative projects in both the
biological and biomedical fields. We have imaged “aged” rat kidney glomeruli, the
biological structure responsible for the blood filtration. A series of images clearly reveals
the structural and morphological changes associated with the aging process. In a second
study, we investigate the effect of ocean acidification on coral survivability. We have
imaged calcification centers in corals and observed significant morphological changes as
absorbed calcium forms.
We are developing a Time-of-Flight system capable of energy discrimination in the
Helium Ion Microscope. This detector would bring elemental identification to the
subnanometer regime.
2) Multiplexed Molecule Assays using Nanoelectronically Barcoded Beads Pengfei Xie*, Zhongtian Lin, Xinnan Cao
and Mehdi Javanmard
1Electrical Engineering, Rutgers University
Barcoding of micro-particles has been widely used for performing multiplexed genomic
and proteomic assays. We introduce the concept of electronically barcoded micron-sized
beads, which has been used with the potential of achieving high barcode density.
Electronic barcoding works by fabricating tunable nano-capacitors on the micro-particle
surfaces, effectively modulating the frequency dependent dielectric properties of the
particles allowing one bead barcode to be distinguished from another. We have
successfully demonstrated the ability to discriminate multiple particle types from each
other.
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3) Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) Thin Film based Electochemical Sensor for
Detection of Nitrite in Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC) Azam Gholizadeh
1*, Damien Voiry
2, Cliff Wiesel
3, Howard Kipen
3, Robert Laumbach
3,
Manish Chhowalla2 and Mehdi Javanmard
1
1ECE Department, Rutgers University,
2Material Science Department, Rutgers University
and 3EOHSI, Rutgers University
This work reports nitrite detection in EBC samples using reduced graphene oxide as the
sensing material. Nitrite content in EBC can be a potential biomarker for inflammation in
the respiratory system. The performance of the sensor was characterized in standard
nitrite solutions using cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry and then was
applied to patient EBC samples. The sensor has a sensitivity of 0.21 μA μM-1 cm-2 in
the range of 20-100 μM and 0.1 μA μM-1 cm-2 in 100-1000 μM nitrite concentration
with a low detection limit of 830 nM in EBC matrix.
Keywords: Exhaled breath condensate, Nitrite, Electrochemistry, thin layer reduced
Graphene oxide, Square wave voltammetry
4) First Principles Light Alkane Dehydrogenation with Hydrogen Spectators on
Pt: Main Group Alloys Alec Hook* and Fuat E. Celik
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University
The effects of alloying platinum with main group elements on the kinetics and
thermodynamics of dehydrogenation and coke formation pathways during light alkane
dehydrogenation have been studied using density functional theory. Supported Pt
catalysts are known to be active for light alkane dehydrogenation, but the high
temperatures required by these endothermic reactions leads to significant coke formation
and deactivation. Hydrogen spectators have been shown to decrease coke formation and
increase the activity of light alkane dehydrogenation. This work demonstrates that not
only do different alloys show a large range of effects on the dehydrogenation; they also
show a separate range of effects in the presence of hydrogen.
5) Correct Implementation of Polarization Constants in Wurtzite Materials and
Impact on IIInitrides Cyrus E. Dreyer
1, Anderson Janotti
2, Chris G. Van de Walle
2 and David Vanderbilt
1
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University and
2Materials Department,
University of California, Santa Barbara
Accurate values for polarization discontinuities between pyroelectric materials are critical
for understanding and designing the electronic properties of heterostructures. The
wurtzite III-nitrides are a technologically important class of such materials. We show that
care must be taken when choosing a reference structure for defining effective
spontaneous polarization for these materials. Also, we address the correct choice of
“improper” versus “proper” piezoelectric constants for modeling heterostructures.
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6) Electrocatalysts for Bidirectional O2 Reduction & Evolution from Water by
Intermetallic Molybdate Oxides/Nitrides Graeme Gardner
1*, Jack Weber
1, Spencer Porter
1, Shinjae Hwang
1, Martha Greenblatt
1
and G. Charles Dismukes1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University
The electrocatalytic reactions of oxygen evolution (OER) and oxygen reduction (ORR)
are important in almost any electrochemical energy conversion process involved in
storing and utilizing renewable energy, notably for reversibly-operating fuel cell-
electrolyzer. Although many reports of OER and ORR catalysts based upon Earth-
abundant metals appear in the research literature, there are no efficient electrolyzers or
fuels cells that operate without noble metals. Catalyst durability and efficiency remain
undemonstrated in commercial devices. An even greater challenge is that very few single
materials exist that display bifunctional electrocatalysis of both reactions, which is the
absolute requirement for a regenerative fuel cell. We have tested a series of transition
metal oxides and nitrides displaying activity for both reactions. However, most do not
display reversibility once polarized to oxidizing potentials where surface passivation
occurs. The main exceptions are cubic phase lithium cobalt oxide, LiCoO2, and the
bixbyite phase of Mn2O3 which retain high activity for the ORR after OER catalysis.
Recent studies documenting the origin of OER activity of these materials has appeared.1,2
We have synthesized bimetallic cobalt molybdenum oxides and nitrides that act as
efficient electrocatalysts for these reactions, with the nitride compound CoMoN2
demonstrating significant efficiency and stability for ORR and OER in alkaline
electrolyte in comparison to CoMoO4 and Co3Mo3N compounds, due in part to the more
nitrogen-rich coordination to cobalt and molybdenum. Research supported by a joint
grant from NSF-CBET/DOE-EERE and Rutgers as well as from the NSF-IGERT
sustainable fuels fellowship.
1. Gardner, G., Al-Sharab, J., Danilovic, N., Go, Y.B., Ayers, K., Greenblatt, M., Dismukes, G.C., “Structural
basis for differing water oxidation by the cubic, layered, and spinel forms of lithium cobalt oxides”, Energy and Environmental Science, 2016, 9, 184-192.
2. Smith, P.F., Beibert, B.J., Kaushik, S., Gardner, G., Hwang, S., Wang, H., Al-Sharab, J.F., Garfunkel, E., Fabris, L., Li, J., Dismukes, G.C., “Coordination Geometry and Oxidation State Requirements of Corner Sharing MnO6 Octahedra for Water Oxidation Catalysis: An Investigation of Manganite (γ-MnOOH)”, ACS Catalysis, 2016, 6, 2089-2099.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
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7) TEM-EELS Study of NCA Battery Cathode and Standard Material Alexander Kong*, Pinaki Mukherjee, Nathalie Pareira, Glenn Amatucci and Frederic
Cosandey
Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University
In recent years, LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) has been used commercially in consumer
products such as in Tesla motor vehicles. This commercial interest has increased the
desire to develop better properties for NCA such as higher capacity. Undesirable surface
phases such as rock salt limit the capacity of current cathodes. Our study involves using
TEM and EELS to study crystal structure, composition, and morphology. Our present
work measures the above mentioned parameters using standard oxide materials as
reference for valence states and composition to determine the exact nature of the surface
phases.
8) New Layered Honeycomb Tellurates: PbMn(IV)TeO6 and BiM(III)TeO6
(M = Cr, Fe) Sun Woo Kim
1, Zheng Deng
1, Man-Rong Li
1, Zachary Fischer
1, Arnab Sen Gupta
2,
Hirofumi Akamatsu2, Saul H. Lapidus
3, Peter W. Stephens
4, Venkatraman Gopalan
2,
Corey Evans1, Xiaoyan Tan
1 and Martha Greenblatt
1
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University,
2Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,3Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory and
4Department of
Physics & Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook
New layered honeycomb tellurates, PbMn(IV)TeO6 and BiM(III)TeO6 (M = Cr, Fe) were
successfully synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure of PbMn(IV)TeO6 is
hexagonal, space group P-62m (No. 189) and consists of edge sharing (Mn4+
/Te6+
)O6
trigonal prisms, which form honeycomb-like two-dimension layers with Pb2+
ions
between the layers. Temperature dependent second harmonic generation of PbMnTeO6
confirmed noncentrosymmetric character between 12 and 873 K. Magnetic measurements
indicate anti-ferromagnetic order at TN TN) of
~2.16.
The BiM(III)TeO6 (M = Cr, Fe) crystallize in trigonal space group, P-31c (No. 163) and
the structure consist of edge-sharing M3+
/Te6+
O6 octahedra (M= Cr or Fe), which form
honeycomb-like double layers in the ab-plane with Bi3+
cations (BiO6 octahedra) located
between the layers. The structure of BiM(III)TeO6 is a superstructure of PbSb2O6-related
materials (ABB'O6). Although both materials are isotypic, the Cr3+
(d3) phase is partially
ordered (Cr : Te = 68 : 32), while the Fe3+
(d5) analog is nearly complete ordered (Fe : Te
= 90 : 10) on the octahedral B sites; the difference is attributed to electronic effect of M3+
(M = Cr, Fe) ions. BiCrTeO6 shows a broad antiferromagnetic transition at ~17 K with
TN) of ~3.52, while BiFeTeO6 shows a sharp
TN) of ~2.50.
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9) Fabrication and Characterization of Nanowires using a Helium Ion
Microscope Takane Kobayashi
1,2, Hao Wang
2, Slava Manichev
2, Wen Sen Lu
2, Torgny Gustafsson
2
and Leonard C. Feldman3
1RIKEN, Wako, Japan,
2Department of Physics and Astronomy and
3Institute for
Advanced Materials, Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
We present initial results of fabrication of nanowires using a helium ion microscope
(HIM) in combination with a gas injection system. The basic process exploits the
transformation of a metal carbonyl to a metal by irradiation with an ionizing beam.
Typical wires are ~20nm diameter and ~1 micron long, and may contain impurities
associated with the incomplete radiative-chemical process. The NWs are characterized
by in-situ transport measurements. In order to check the performance of the system, the
dependence of resistance on irradiation dose was measured. As the result, it is found that
the system functions effectively in nanodevice developments.
10) A Novel Stress Measurement Method and Oxidation Induced Stress at the
SiO2/SiC Interface Xiuyan Li
1,3, Alexei Ermakov
1, Voshadhi Amarasinghe
3, Torgny Gustafsson
2,3, Leonard
C Feldman2,3
and Eric, Garfunkel1,3
1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,
2Department of Physics and Astronomy
and 3Institute for Advanced Materials, Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University
The SiO2/SiC interface exhibits a high defect density limiting the performance of 4H-SiC
MOSFETs. It has been suggested that the defects are caused by process-induced stress
associated with oxidation. It is also known that adding N to the interface reduces defect
density. One hypothesis is that nitrogen incorporation relaxes the stress, which in turn
lowers the defect density. We present a new results on stress for the SiO2/SiC system with
and without N at the interface. We also introduce a novel and practical optical method to
measure stress in thin films.
11) Observation of Quasielastic Peaks in Raman Scattering Study of CeB6 Mai Ye
1*, Alexander Lee
1, Hsiang-Hsi Kung
1, Girsh Blumberg
1,2, Priscila F. S. Rosa
3,
Joe D. Thompson3, Eric D. Bauer
3 and Zachary Fisk
4
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University,
2National Institute of
Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia, 3Los Alamos National Laboratory,
NM and 4Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California
The heavy-fermion compound CeB6 undergoes a second-order phase transition from a
high-temperature paramagnetic phase into an antiferroquafrupolar (AFQ) phase at 3.2 K
before entering an antiferro-magnetic (AFM) phase below 2.3K. By polarization-resolved
Raman scattering studies we observed that imaginary Raman susceptibility has
quasielastic peaks in both Eg and T1g symmetry channels. The corresponding static real
Raman susceptibility shows tendency of divergence towards low temperature. The basis
functions of the Eg and T1g symmetry channels have similarity with the order parameters
of AFQ and AFM phases, respectively. This suggests that the divergence in the two
symmetry channels correspond to the phase transitions of CeB6.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
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12) Stepwise Detection of Antigens Using Aptamer Triggered DNAzyme Signal
Amplification Tianran Li* and Jinglin Fu
The Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University - Camden
DNA aptamers are target-specific duplex sequences which change conformation after
binding to target. Such property could be applied to engineer stepwise bio-sensing
reaction cascades, for instance, introducing the releasing of the target sensing strand
while the conformational change of aptamer-complement duplex is triggered from
aptamer-to-target binding followed with triggered hybridization chain reaction (Figure
1). On the streptavidin bead surface, sequential assembled localized adenosine aptamer
changes conformation after binding to adenosine or cocaine, thus releases the initiator-
sensoring strand which is semi-complementary to the aptamer strand. The released
initiator-sensing strand could act as the initiator of a hybridization chain reaction via
binding to the sticky end of HCR hairpin 2 probe strand which is partially complementary
to the initiator and the pre-conjugated to one unit of the glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and remains stable without initiator. The HCR hairpin 2 strand
is then opened up and its newly exposed end nucleates at the sticky end of HCR hairpin
1, conjugated to the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and opens the
hairpin to expose the end of it. As conjugated hairpins propagate to form an elongated
nicked double helix, the G6PDH and NAD+ are brought together thus form complete
DNAzymes with amplified enzymatic signals. Such a DNAzyme chain reaction initiated
by the released initiator-sensing strand, could potentially be used to sense target
molecules in low concentrations with promising output.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM
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13) Pattering of SiC Surfaces by a Helium Ion Microscope Hao Wang
1,2, Ethan Torrey
3, Mengjun Li
4, Can Xu
1,2, Voshadhi Amarasinghe
2, Eric
Garfunkel2,4
, Torgny Gustafsson1,2
, Philip I. Cohen3 and Leonard C. Feldman
1,2
1Department of Physics and Astronomy,
2Institute for Advanced Materials, Devices and
Nanotechnology (IAMDN), 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
University of Minnesota and 4Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers
University
A helium ion microscope (HIM) provides the capability of precise manipulation of a 30
keV He ion beam with sub-nanometer beam width, which can be used in lithography
applications. Here we report resist-free patterning of SiC surfaces combining selective
He-ion-induced amorphization and different oxidation rates between amorphous and
crystalline SiC. In comparison to previous studies using a ~ 10 nm Ga beam, which
produces features of ~ 50 nm, we have improved the lateral feature size to be less than 20
nm. Silicon carbide surfaces patterned with periodical arrays of pillars have also been
used as substrates for mounting mono-layer graphene films to investigate strain-induced
electronic properties of grapheme. Our preliminary Raman spectroscopy measurements
show that graphene on a patterned area has a more uniform distribution of the 2D peak
position (around 2700 cm-1
) versus an unpatterned area.
14) Microspatial Control of Mineralization via Covalent Immobilization of Nacre
Proteins onto Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogels Kristopher White
1* and Ronke Olabisi
2
1Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University and
2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University
Current research efforts in orthopaedic regenerative medicine are aimed at reducing the
dosage of therapeutic compounds necessary to achieve practical results. Seashell proteins
have been shown to be non-immunogenic clinical alternatives to the recombinant bone
morphogenetic proteins currently used. These proteins are associated with both the
cellular and acellular processes involved in bone regeneration. Here, proteins extracted
from the water soluble matrix of nacre are used to demonstrate microspatially controlled
mineralization when patterned onto a Poly(ethylene glycol) substrate, indicating potential
for several therapeutic applications. The data also indicate that both acellular and cellular
processes are involved in achieving the observed microspatial control.