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A Platform Approach to 5GFrom Design – Prototyping – Test
Fangze TuTechnical Marketing, SDR
5G
5G 5G
Wireless Requires Massive Platform Expansion> 10 Gbpspeak rates
> 100K connections
per cell
< 1 mslatency
5G Rollout and Feature Timeline
Release 15 (Phase 1)
• Draft complete in 2017, Finalized in June, 2018• New bands from 600 MHz to 42.5 GHz• Increased carrier bandwidth to 400 MHz• Higher spectral efficiency• OFDM-based waveforms• Non-standalone and standalone operation• Forward-compatible with Phase 2
Release 16 (Phase 2)
3GPP Release 16 to be finalized in Dec, 2019 Expanded frequency range to 100 GHz with focus
on 57-71 GHz, 63-64 GHz, 76-81 GHz, 60 GHz Expected total bandwidth: 500 MHz - 2 GHz
5G: Phase 2
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
5G: Phase 1Research
Non-Standalone Standalone Release 16
Deployment Scenarios:- Potential Phasing
In non-standalone deployments, the UE manages two radio connections, and the LTE eNB and NR gNB manage the
connection through the evolved packet core (EPC)
Non-Standalone (Dec, 2017) Standalone (June, 2018)
In future stand-alone deployments, both LTE eNBs and NR gNB’s manage connections through a common nextGencore – with the UE managing a single radio connection
LTE eNB
NR gNB
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
5GRadio
4GRadio
LTE eNB
NR gNB
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
5GRadio
4GRadio
Major Contributing Technologies to New Radio
More Efficient Spectrum Use
Multi-Antenna Technologies
…
Carrier Aggregation
More Spectrum
mmWave Operation
New Bands
100 GHzλ = 1mm
30 GHzλ = 10 mm
28 GHz37
GHz 60 GHz 70 & 90 GHz
100 GHz spectrum in millimeter wave bands
39 GHz
5G Application: Traversing From Research to Test
Research and Prototyping
Semiconductor Development
Semi Production
Device Development
Device Production
2010NI has been involved in 5G since 2010
• Wireless Infrastructure, Semiconductor, and Consumer Electronics will adopt new wireless standards
• 5G poses new challenges
Strategy: NI Started Very Early with 5G and DrivesOur Test Platform
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NI 5G Lead User Program has enabled critical research since 2010
NI Wireless Prototyping PlatformThe Revolution in Rapid Prototyping
Hardware Software
Algorithmic Design Languages LTE, 802.11, MIMO Application Frameworks
Modular, Real‐Time FPGA IP
FPGA Design Exploration
Platform-based Design Approach for 5G mmWave
“It took about 1 calendar year, less than half the time it would have taken with other tools”
Dr. Amitava GhoshHead of Broadband Wireless Innovation Nokia Networks
LabVIEWLabVIEW
PXI FlexRIOBaseband
RF andAntenna
Host PC Host PCRF andAntenna
PXI FlexRIOBaseband
mmWave
ATCA-3671Massive BB Processing
Solutions from Highly-Portable to High-performance
USRP e31056 MHz BW
6 GHz Fc
B200 mini56 MHz BW
6 GHz Fc
VST1 GHz BW6 GHz Fc
VSA765 MHz BW
40 GHz Fc
mmWave2 GHz BW
mmWave Frequency band
Very Wide Bandwidth
Deployment – SWAP optimized
USRP 290056 MHz BW
6 GHz Fc
Host based (USB or Ethernet) desktop SDR
USRP RIO160 MHz BW
6 GHz Fc
FlexRIO200 MHz BW4.4 GHz Fc
Large FPGA SDRs
Multi-FPGA Platform High Performance Connectivity and Inline Processing
USRP 292020 MHz BW4.4 GHz Fc
USRP e31356 MHz BW
6 GHz FcIP67 Rating
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5G Prototyping
LabVIEW Communications Application FrameworksAdvanced FPGA IP for Real-Time, Over-The-Air, Wireless Communication System Prototyping
LTE
Key Features• 20 MHz Real-Time
Bandwidth• TDD/FDD Uplink &
Downlink Modes• Multi-UE & Multi-eNB
Support
Applications• LTE & Wi-Fi
Coexistence• Cellular Network
Layer Research• New Waveform
Research
802.11
Key Features• 20/40 MHz Real-Time
Bandwidth• Fully Bidirectional
Communication• Real-Time Channel
Coding
Applications• LTE & Wi-Fi
Coexistence• MAC Layer Research• 802.11ax Multi-User
Prototyping
MIMO
Key Features• 20 MHz Real-Time
Bandwidth• Supports up to 128
eNB Antennas and 12 Single Antenna UE’s
• TDD Uplink & Downlink Modes Based Upon LTE
Applications• Massive MIMO• Multi-User MIMO
Research
mmWave
Key Features• 2 GHz Real-Time
Bandwidth• Supports 2x2 MIMO• Fully Bidirectional
TDD Uplink & Downlink Modes
Applications• Enhance Mobile
Broadband Research• Ultra-Dense Cellular
Research• Cellular Backhaul
* Lead User Availability *
Prototyping Key Technologies to Drive 5G Standards
Improve bandwidth utilization through
evolving PHY Level and flexible numerology
Multi Radio AccessTechnologies (RAT)
Utilize potential of extremely wide bandwidths at frequency ranges once
thought impractical for commercial wireless.
mmWave
Dramatically increased number of antenna elements
on base station enabling beamforming.
Massive MIMO
Consistent connectivity meeting the 1000x
traffic demand for 5G
Wireless Networks
Densification SDN
NFV CRAN
NI Confidential
ReconfigurableInstruments
High Performance IO
USRP RIOSDR
USRPSDR
Massive MIMO Wireless NetworksMulti-RATmmWave
Prototyping Key Technologies to Drive 5G Standards
Unified Software Architecture
Massive MIMO
Improve bandwidth utilization through
evolving PHY Level and flexible numerology
Multi Radio AccessTechnologies (RAT)
Utilize potential of extremely wide bandwidths at frequency ranges once
thought impractical for commercial wireless.
mmWave
Dramatically increased number of antenna elements
on base station enabling beamforming.
Massive MIMO
Consistent connectivity meeting the 1000x
traffic demand for 5G
Wireless Networks
Densification SDN
NFV CRAN
NI Confidential
MIMO Prototyping System
Applications Cellular Wi-Fi
Capabilities 4-128 antennas 50 MHz – 6 GHz 20 MHz bandwidth Real-time 2-way communication Up to 12 simultaneous UEs
Q2 2016
16 Channel Mini-Massive MIMO
Demonstrator
The world’s first real-time Massive MIMO testbed with software reference design and hardware that scales from 4-128 antennas.
Full Duplex MIMO, LTE UE
Emulation
Samsung
Massive MIMO Lead Users
CRAN-Massive MIMO
Intel
96-Antenna Massive
MIMO System
Facebook ARIES Testbed
128 antenna Massive MIMO
Bristol & Lund
NI mmWave Transceiver SystemThe world’s first 2 GHz bandwidth mmWave transceiver for channel sounding and real-time 2-way MIMO communications with coding.
Applications Cellular Wi-Fi Channel sounding
Capabilities 71 – 76 GHz 24.25 – 33.4 GHz 37- 43.5 GHz 57 – 64 GHz 2 GHz Bandwidth MIMO Real-time 2-way communication
Q2 2016
mmWave
NokiaFirst mmWave
Prototypes14.5 Gbps
Verizon 5GWorld’s First 2x2 MU-MIMO 5GTF
AT&TWord’s Most
Advanced Channel Sounder
NTT DocomommWave, First
System Field Trials
World’s Most AdvancedChannel Sounder1x4, MIMO configuration7 x 64 permutations
Very fast measurement and switch timeWithin in the coherence time of the channel
Joint work between NI and AT&T
Fsdaklf;
Verizon and 5G NR – New Generation of Standards
28 GHz mmWave TRX Head with
horn antennaUE Interface with video streaming
64-antenna phased arrays
Vertical polarization
28 GHz mmWave TRX Head
2x2 BB/IFChassis
Horizontalpolarization
BeamsteeringInterface
• 2x2 MIMO, 8 CC, 100 MHz per carrier • 75 kHz sub carrier spacing, 64 QAM• Hybrid beamforming• > 5 Gbps scalable to 20 Gpbs
Wireless Research and Test
System Implementation
Shared IP
Shared IP
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5G Semiconductor test
Challenges for 5G PA/FEM Test
Exponential Increase in Test Cases
More Aggressive RF Requirements
Extreme Time-to-Market Requirements
ADC
DAC
PMIC
ADC
DAC
Highly Flexible Numerology4G/5G Coexistence
Flexible Band Configurations
New BandsWider Bandwidth256-QAM EVM
Faster UL/DL Switching
Rapid 3GPP IterationsIntense Market Competition
JG
Slide 25
JG1 Is this supposed to be on the slide?Johanna Gilmore, 2018/7/17
UL and DL Decoupling Enlarging 5G NR Coverage
1.8 GHz + 3.5 GHz Co-site
1.8 GHz Coverage
3.5 GHz DL Coverage
3.5 GHz UL CoverageReduced range
Integrated 5G FEM
Interfacing sub-6 GHz CA and 5G Radio Designs
• Narrow 2G, CA 4G and wide 5G bands
• TDD and FDD Multi-band need complex multi-mode front-ends
• Validate time alignment of LTE and NR
• Smart power management with Envelope Tracking for LTE and Average Power Tracking for NR
• High-power efficiency and linearity at a wide range of power levels to manage PAPR
• Power class 2 up to 26 dBm
• Avoid self-interferenceMultiple transceivers with single multi-band front-end module
Multi-Band 2G/3G/4G FEMBasebandProcessor
Modulation
Demodulation
Digital Predistortion
PA
ADC
0°90°
ADC
DAC
0°90°
DAC
ADC
0°90°
ADC
DAC
0°90°
DAC
ADC
0°90°
ADC
DAC
0°90°
DAC Power Management IC
Vector Signal Transceiver
Simultaneous 1 GHz generation and analysis Implement higher order DPD High linearity for better EVM Simplified LO sharing for multichannel/CA test
The Fastest Engine for Sub-6 GHz PA Test
10 dB Higher Output Power
NEW high speed serial interface(12 Gbps, 4 Tx & 4 Rx Lanes)
60 MHz, 8 port high-speed parallel digital interface
Only 2 PXI Slots!!
6.5 GHz VSG with 1 GHz Instantaneous BW
6.5 GHz VSA with 1 GHz Instantaneous BW
Better EVM Performance
RFIC Reference Solution for Sub-6 GHz 5G FEM Test
High-Speed Digital Instrument
RF Vector Signal Transceiver Precision Source Measure Unit
Multicore Embedded PC
System Source Measure UnitBaseband Vector Signal Transceiver
Preamplifier
Vector Signal Analyzer
High-Speed Digitizer
18-Slot PXIe Chassis
RFIC Reference Solution for Sub-6 GHz 5G FEM Test Characterize and validate NR FEMs operating up to 6 GHz with 1 GHz of real-time bandwidth Generate and analyze standard-compliant NR signals with extensive RFmx NR API for
spectral and modulation accuracy measurements Evaluate your device’s performance with envelope tracking under multiple digital
predistortion models Quantify accurately your device’s PAE with integrated, high-precision DC measurements Synchronize MIPI RFFE DUT control with analog measurements
NI and Qorvo Demonstrate Industry’s First 5G FEM
Qorvo QM19000 Attributes• Fully integrated RF front end module
(RFFE)• 3.3 – 4.2 GHz Frequency Range• 400 MHz bandwidth• Integrated Tx PA and Rx LNA
PXI Test System Components• PXIe-5840 6.6 GHz VST• PXIe-4139 ±60 V, 3 A SMU• PXIe-6570 Digital Pattern Instrument
RF Test Software Overview
Why NI is Different Best in class measurement speeds No RF waveform encryption Transferrable licenses
RFmx General PurposeWaveform CreatorSpecAnDemodNoise Figure
RFmx CellularNRLTE/LTE-A/LTE-A ProW-CDMA/HSPA/HSPA+GSM/EDGE+TD-SCDMA, cdma2000, EV-DO
Connectivity ToolkitsWLAN 802.11a/b/g/j/p/n/ac/axWLAN 802.11af/ahBluetoothGNSSFM Radio
Partner ToolkitsBase Station TestZigBee/Thread 802.15.4Z-WaveDigital Video BroadcastXM
RFIC Test SoftwareEnvelope Tracking (ET)Digital Predistortion (DPD)Power-Added Efficiency (PAE)Dynamic EVM (DEVM)
Measurement AccelerationFPGA Power ServoFast ACPUser FPGA Extensions
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5G deployment
NI and Samsung cooperate on the Interoperability Device Testing to Validate 5G
FEATURES AT A GLANCE Compliant 5G NR phase 1 Protocol Test UE based on 28 GHz mmWave Transceiver System 2X2 MIMO Configuration and can be extend to large scale FPGA-based real-time processing and measurement acceleration 2GHz bandwidth Real time 2 way transmission
K E Y S P E C I F I C AT I O N S Frequency Range: mmWave frequency bandwidth Instantaneous Bandwidth: 2 GHz
NI mmWave Transceiver System
NI and Spirent Communications Collaborate on 5G Performance Test Solution
FEATURES AT A GLANCE flexible software defined radio (SDR) products layer 1 through layer 3 of the 5G NR protocol stack validate the performance of 5G NR smartphones and IoT devices FPGA-based real-time processing and measurement acceleration both sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave radio bands
Spirent uses NI software defined radio products to develop a solution that can help accelerate commercialization of 5G New Radio.
Based on NI SDR Portfolio
NI mmWave Transceiver System
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“Designing a test bed as massive in scale as Colosseum from scratch would have required several years of engineering time. Simply put, the alternatives to using NI’s off-the-shelf software radio tools presented too much risk and cost.”
—Paul Tilghman , Program Manager, DARPA Spectrum Collaboration Challenge
256 x 256 Channel Emulator
56,000+ Simultaneous Channel Interactions
52+ TB/s System Throughput
DARPA Spectrum Challenge
More applications sharing for the NI RF products
SEMICONDUCTORTEST
WIRELESS DEVICE TEST
ELECTRONICWARFARE & RADAR
Spectrum MonitoringRecord & PlaybackChannel EmulatorRadio Production5G Test8x8 MIMO WLANElectronic WarfareSoftware Defined RadioTarget SimulatorIoT Device TestRADAR PrototypingDPD PrototypingReal-time DUT controlPower ServoingMeasurement AccelerationChannel SoundingReal-time Spectral AnalysisChannelizing…