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Advances in FRP CompositesA Domestic Scan
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Education Professional Engagement Research
AASHTO SCOBS T6 2016 Minneapolis
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Presentation OutlineI. Introduction
What is a scan? What are the objectives of the FRP scan? What is FRP?
II. BodyFRP Uses for Existing InfrastructureFRP for New Construction and componentsWhat is Practice ready?
III. ConclusionsSuccesses, barriers and recommendations
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What is a Domestic Scan?
• Information exchange• State of practice• Identification of barriers• Recommendations
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SD
OR
CA
NVUT
AZ
CO(FHWA)
NM
TX (SME)
OK
LA
MO
IL
WI
MN
WA
MI
INOH
PA
NY (SME)
TN
MS AL GA
SC
FL
NC
VA MDDC
DE
ME
MA
NHVT
KY
CTIA
WV
ID
ND
NJ
MT
KS
WY
NE
AR
RI
AK
HI
Team Member Home State
Host Agency State
East coast scan1st week of June, 2015
West coast scanMid July, 2015 Scan Team & Host States
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What are the issues?
• Traffic congestion• Condition of aging
bridges • Preservation (of
existing bridges)• Service life extension
(of new bridges)• Hazard mitigation
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Why FRP?
Vision for the Future of Structural Engineering
“…………ultimately we must embraceinnovation in materials as a key part ofwhat it means to be a structural engineer.”
Structural Engineering Institute 10/16/13
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What is FRP?
• Fibers are analogous to reinforcement in concrete. FRP derives its tensile strength from the fibers.
• Resin matrix• Distributes load to fibers• Binds and protects fibers
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FRP is not…
• One thing. It is a class of materials with a wide range of properties.
• New. It’s been used since WWII under extreme conditions and is common in other industries.
• Familiar. It is not understood by many civil engineers. • Expensive, if it can solve a difficult problem fast.
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Results of the scan?
inherent properties and benefits of FRP how are they being used what is “practice-ready” where to go for answers
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What’s in a Scan Report?
• Objectives• Uses on existing infrastructure (14)• Uses on new construction (22)• What is “practice-ready”• Barriers / lessons learned• Suggestions to AASHTO T6• Resources:
• Case studies, specs, plans• Contacts• Extensive bibliography (2055)
www.domesticscan.org
“Best Practices in FRP Composites”(due out Aug. 2016)
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OutlineI. Introduction
What is a scan? What are the objectives of the FRP scan? What is FRP?
II. BodyFRP Uses for Existing InfrastructureFRP for New Construction What is practice-ready?
III. ConclusionsSuccesses, barriers and recommendations
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How are DOTs using FRP?
Existing infrastructure• Concrete repair
• Truck impacts• Corrosion
• Concrete Strengthening• Design issues• Increase capacity
• Seismic retrofit • Heritage structures• Preservation activities• Timber, metal, aerodynamic
New construction• Deck reinforcement• P/S strands
(in beams & piles)• Beams & slabs• Fender piles• ABC • Unique problems
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Existing InfrastructureE1. Repair of impact-damaged concrete (reinforced or prestressed)E2. Repair of corrosion-damaged concrete
E3. Seismic retrofit of concreteE4. Protective wrapping of concreteE5. Strengthening concrete with externally bonded FRPE6. Strengthening concrete with near-surface mounted (NSM) FRPE7. Strengthening concrete with FRP post tensioningE8. Strengthening concrete with mechanically-fastened FRPE9. Strengthening structural steel with FRP post tensioningE10. Culvert linerE11. Repair of impact-damaged metal polesE12. Repair of fatigue-damaged aluminum overhead sign structuresE13. Repair and strengthening of timberE14. Other
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E1 Repair of impact-damaged concrete
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E1 Repair of impact-damaged concrete
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E2 Repair of corrosion-damaged concrete
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E3 Seismic retrofit of concrete
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E4 Protective wrapping of concrete
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E5 Strengthening concrete w/ externally bonded FRP
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E5 Strengthening concrete with externally bonded FRP
Shear crack
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E5 Strengthening concrete with externally bonded FRP
Poor detailing
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E6 Strengthening concrete w/ NSM FRP
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E7 Strengthening concrete w/ FRP post-tensioning
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E8 Strengthening concrete w/ mechanically-fastened FRP
http://transportation.mst.edu/media/research/transportation/documents/064-cr.pdf
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E9 Strengthening structural steel w/ FRP post-tensioning
http://www.iowadot.gov/bridge/ibrc_projects/frp_tension_paper.pdf
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E10 Culvert liner
http://www.materialstoday.com/composite-applications/features/frp-super-laminates-present-unparalleled/
Erie County, NY
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E11 Repair of impact-damaged poles
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E12 Repair of fatigue-damaged aluminum overhead sign structures
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E13 Repair and strengthening of timber
https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/90090/FHWA-ICT-16-011.pdf?sequence=2
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E14 Other
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FRPfor New Construction
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New Components and SystemsN1. Concrete reinforcement (reinforcement, dowels)N2. Concrete prestressing (pre-tensioning)N3. Concrete prestressing (post-tensioning)N4. Stay-in-place concrete forms (decks, substructures)N5. Superstructures - FRP beams and slabsN6. Hybrid superstructure system - FRP beams and slabsN7. Hybrid superstructure system - concrete-filled FRP tubesN8. Hybrid superstructure system - FRP with glu-lamN9. Structural deck, FRP or hybridN10. Pedestrian bridgesN11. SidewalksN12. Bridge drains and scuppersN13. Load bearing pile foundations, FRP or hybridN14. Marine fenders (piles, wales)N15. Marine floatsN16. Sheet pilingN17. Noise barrierN18. Wind fairingN19. Railing - bridge, guide, guardN20. CulvertsN21. Light, sign or signal structuresN22. Other
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N1 Concrete reinforcement
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N1 Concrete reinforcement
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N2 Concrete prestressing tendonspre-tensioning
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N3 Concrete prestressing tendonspost-tensioning (PT)
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N4 Stay-in-place (SIP) concrete formsfor decks and substructures
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N5 Superstructure beams and slabs
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N6 Hybrid superstructure systems, beams and slabs
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HC Beams
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N7 Hybrid superstructure systems, concrete-filled FRP tubes
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N8 Hybrid superstructure systems, FRP w/ glu-lam
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N9 Structural deck (FRP or hybrid)
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N9 Structural deck (FRP or hybrid)
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N10 Pedestrian bridges
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N11 Sidewalks
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N12 Bridge drains and scuppers
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N13 Load bearing pile foundations(FRP or hybrid)
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N14 Marine fenders (piles & wales)
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N15 Marine floats
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N16 Sheet piling
Source: www.strongwell.com
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N18 Wind fairing
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N20 Culverts
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N22 Other
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Which FRP uses are ready now?
Readiness Index Status of the Technology
1 Practice ready 2 Maturing 3 Under development 4 Emerging
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Readiness Index = 1
Practice readyApplications in this category (RI= 1) are ready for deployment because there is sufficient experience to demonstrate their effectiveness and resources are available to support use by other DOTs.
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Readiness Index = 2
MaturingIn summary, applications in this category (RI=2) are generally ready for trial deployment but there are still improvements that can be made to practice and guidance as experience is gained, documented and shared.
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Readiness Index = 3
Under developmentApplications in this category (RI=3) are beginning to move from the laboratory to field, but there is little support available to perspective users (past case studies, drawings, specifications, costs, training).
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Readiness Index = 4EmergingThese uses (RI=4) are conceivable but additional R&D is necessary because little investigation has been done within the transportation community.
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OutlineI. Introduction
What is a scan? What are the objectives of the FRP scan? What is FRP?
II. BodyFRP Uses for Existing InfrastructureFRP for New Construction and componentsWhat is Practice ready?
III. ConclusionsSuccesses, barriers and recommendations
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What are then best uses for FRP?• Repair damaged structures• Retrofit existing structures• Preserve cultural resources• Capitalize on constructability and service life
benefits
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What’s holding us back?
• Guidelines & examples• Training and experience• Proprietary products• Information sharing• Liability concerns• Performance history• Research
Section 9 FRP
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What does the Scan Team suggest?
1. Guidelines2. Design examples3. Training 4. Track FRP use. 5. Share info.6. Webinars7. Research.8. Team on an FRP strategy
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www.buffalo.edu/bridge
Jerome S. O’Connor, P.E., F, [email protected]
(716) 645-5155
Final Report will be posted online www.domesticscan.org approx. 9/1/16
NCHRP 20-68A Scan 13-03PI Harry Capers, Jr. P.E. Arora and Associates, PCMelissa Jiang, Scan Coordinator, Arora and Associates, PC
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Existing InfrastructureE1. Repair of impact-damaged concrete (reinforced or prestressed)E2. Repair of corrosion-damaged concrete
E3. Seismic retrofit of concreteE4. Protective wrapping of concreteE5. Strengthening concrete with externally bonded FRPE6. Strengthening concrete with near-surface mounted (NSM) FRPE7. Strengthening concrete with FRP post tensioningE8. Strengthening concrete with mechanically-fastened FRPE9. Strengthening structural steel with FRP post tensioningE10. Culvert linerE11. Repair of impact-damaged metal polesE12. Repair of fatigue-damaged aluminum overhead sign structuresE13. Repair and strengthening of timberE14. Other
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New Components and SystemsN1. Concrete reinforcement (reinforcement, dowels)N2. Concrete prestressing (pre-tensioning)N3. Concrete prestressing (post-tensioning)N4. Stay-in-place concrete forms (decks, substructures)N5. Superstructures - FRP beams and slabsN6. Hybrid superstructure system - FRP beams and slabsN7. Hybrid superstructure system - concrete-filled FRP tubesN8. Hybrid superstructure system - FRP with glu-lamN9. Structural deck, FRP or hybridN10. Pedestrian bridgesN11. SidewalksN12. Bridge drains and scuppersN13. Load bearing pile foundations, FRP or hybridN14. Marine fenders (piles, wales)N15. Marine floatsN16. Sheet pilingN17. Noise barrierN18. Wind fairingN19. Railing - bridge, guide, guardN20. CulvertsN21. Light, sign or signal structuresN22. Other
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What does a T6 “stamp of approval” look like?
• Is there a process for each application that addresses each technical thrust area and bridge phase?
• Who has ownership of the problem?• Is FRP a material? (Engineer owns it)• Is FRP a product? (Supplier owns it)• Does it have to be the same for all FRP uses?