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S22 Abstracts Heart, Lung and Circulation2008;17S:S1–S209

Conclusions: These unique data confirm the importanceof HT as a precursor to advanced forms of HD in urbanblack Africans.

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2008.05.050

50Prevalence of Obesity and Hypertension in Urban andRural Communities: A Comparison of South African andAustralian Risk Factor Prevalence Data

Melinda Carrington 1,2,∗, Simon Stewart 1,2, KemiTibazarwa 1,2, Karen Sliwa 1,2

1 Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia;2 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannedsburg, South Africa

Purpose: The same key risk factors have driven an epi-demic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in “developed”countries and will likely drive a future epidemic of CVD in“developing” countries undergoing epidemiologic transi-tion.Methods: We recently screened a total of 1127 blackAfricans in urban Soweto (Urban-RSA) for common riskfactors for CVD. Using the same methods in Australiaas part of a National Blood Pressure Screening Day, werecently screened 10,649 and 3038 participants in urban(Urban-Aus) and rural (Rural-Aus) communities (pre-dominantly Caucasian) for the same risk factors.

51A Broad Spectrum of Heart Disease and Risk Factors ina Black Urban Population in South Africa: The Heart ofSoweto Study

Simon Stewart 1,2,∗, Lucas Ntyintyane 1,2, KemiTibazarwa 1,2, Anthony Becker 1,2, Karen Sliwa 1,2

1 Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia;2 University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Background: The Heart of Soweto Study is the largeststudy of emergent heart disease in Africa to date.Methods: Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto provideshealth care to a population of 1.1 million mainly blackAfricans. We registered detailed demographic, clinicaland diagnostic data from all de novo presentations of heartdisease (HD) in 2006.Results: There were 1593 de novo presentations for mainlyadvanced HD. Black Africans (85%) and women predom-inated (60%); being slightly younger than men (53 ± 16years vs. 55 ± 15 years: p = 0.031). Risk factor prevalencewas high (56% had hypertension) with >60% having mul-tiple risks. Heart failure (HF) was the most commonprimary diagnosis (44%) with systolic dysfunction evidentin 53% of cases and 66% attributable to dilated cardiomy-opathy and/or hypertensive HD. Other common primarydiagnoses were hypertension (19%), valvular HD (17%)and coronary artery disease (CAD, 10%). Within a large

Results: Median (IQR) age of participants in Urban-RSA,Urban-Aus, and Rural-Aus was 45 (IQR 34–55) years, 48(36–59) years and 51 (39–62) years. The proportion ofwomen in Urban-RSA, Urban-Aus, and Rural-Aus was63%, 55% and 57%, respectively. In Urban-RSA, 23% ofmen and 51% of women were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)versus 25% and 26%, and 33% and 33% of men andwomen respectively living in Urban-Aus and Rural-Aus.Overall, 30% of men (median BP 130/80 mmHg) and 31%of women (BP 130/81) in Urban-RSA were hypertensive(systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg)compared to 41% of men (134/81 mmHg) and 25% ofwomen (125/77 mmHg) in Urban-Aus and 49% of men(137/82 mmHg) and 34% of women (130/79 mmHg) inRural-Aus.Summary: These data confirm high levels of risk in allthree target communities with some potentially importantdifferences that will require potentially different publichealth initiatives.

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2008.05.051

infective component, comorbity included anaemia (13%),diabetes (10%) and renal dysfunction (10%). More blackAfricans presented in HF (54% vs. 45% – OR 2.36, 95%CI 1.74–3.21: p < 0.0001); alternatively, less presented withCAD (6% vs. 38% – OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.07–0.14: p < 0.0001).Similarly, women were more likely to present with valvu-lar HD than men (26% vs. 18% – OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.11–1.52:p = 0.0001).Summary: We found multiple threats to the current andfuture heart health of Soweto, South Africa.

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2008.05.052

52Hospital Length of Stay in Patients Undergoing Percuta-neous Coronary Intervention

Nick Andrianopoulos 1,∗, Stephen J. Duffy 2, Angela L.Brennan 1, Gishel New 3, Andrew E. Ajani 4, David J.Clark 5, Nino Hay 1, Douglas Wong 1, Zahide Yildirim 1,Christopher Reid 1

1 Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research & Educationin Therapeutics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;2 Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; 3 Box Hill Hospital,Melbourne, Australia; 4 Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne,Australia; 5 Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

Background: Coronary heart disease treatment results inthe highest direct expenditure on any individual diseasein Australia (2000-2001 AIHW data), and over 70% of thisbudget is spent on inpatient hospital care. An apprecia-ble proportion of this is due to percutaneous coronaryintervention (PCI), and the length of stay (LOS) for these