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Developing
a visual
LangaugeRococo
Period1715-1780
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RococoThe term rococo comes from the French rocaille, "rock-work".
Based in France, Rococo was an art style of 18th-century painting
and decoration characterized by lightness, delicacy, and elaborate
ornamentation.
It portraits opulence, grace, playfulness, and lightness in contrast to
the heavier themes and darker colors of the earlier Baroque period.
Most often used in interior design, painting, architecture, and
sculpture.
The style appealed to the senses rather than intellect, stressing
beauty over depth.
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The Rococo style is considered to be the end of the Baroque period.
Rococo developed first in the decorative arts and interior design.
Art History
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Louis XIV's desire to glorify his dignity and the magnificence of France had been
well served by the monumental and formal qualities of most seventeenth-centuryFrench art.
With the death of Louis XIV and rise of the middle class, the high society in Paris
became the pinnacle of fashion.
Rococo was manifested out of this new era of thought where society abandoned
the formality of the earlier years and began pursuing personal amusement and
happiness.
This attitude was continued with the following reign of Louis XV in 18th century.
Louis XV's succession brought a change in the court artists and general artistic
fashion.
By the end of the old king's reign, rich Baroque designs were giving way to
lighter elements with more curves and natural patterns.
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Rococo in differentartistic modes
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Rococo style took pleasure in asymmetry, this
practice of leaving elements unbalanced for effect is
called contraste.
Furniture was lighthearted, physically and visually.
Symbol of status.Metalwork, porcelain figures, frills and especially
furniture rose to new pre-eminence.
Mahogany was widely used in furniture
construction due to its strength,[absence of the
stretcher]
Use of mirrors hung above mantels became ever
more popular.Carved wood panels, called boiserie and inlaidwood designs on furniture.
Furniture and
decorative objects
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In a full-blown Rococo design, like the Table d'appartement(1730), by German
designer J. A. Meissonnier, working in Paris . Apron, legs, stretcher have all
been integrated into a flow of opposed c-scrolls and "rocaille." The knot of the
stretcher shows the asymmetrical "contraste" that was a Rococo innovation.
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Interior
Architecture The architect uses some classical elements - round arches, cornices, pilasters
- and the classical principle of symmetry.
Typical elements were arabesques, S shapes, C shapes, reverse C shapes andnatural plant forms.
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Silver or gold gilt showed to advantage against white or pastel backgrounds
on walls.
Mirrors were used to break up the surface and reflect the gilt and the
glittering crystal chandeliers.
Forms are expressed with abstractornament using flaming, leafy orshell-like textures in asymmetricalsweeps and flourishes and brokencurves.
Walls, ceiling, furniture, and works ofmetal and porcelain present a unifiedensemble.
The Rococo palette is softer and palerthan the rich primary colors and darktonalities favored in Baroque tastes.
Silver or gold gilt showed toadvantage against white or pastel
backgrounds on walls.
Mirrors were used to break up thesurface and reflect the gilt and theglittering crystal chandeliers.
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Though Rococo originated in thepurely decorative arts, the styleshowed clearly in painting.
Jean-Antoine Watteau (16841721)considered as the first great Rococo
painter. Rococo painters used delicate colors
and curving forms, decorating theircanvases with myths of love.
Portraiture was also popular amongRococo painters.
Landscapes were pastoral and oftendepicted the leisurely outings ofaristocratic couples.
Painting
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Pilgrimage to Cythera by Jean-Antoine Watteau
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tienne-Maurice Falconet (17161791) is widely considered one of thebest representatives of FrenchRococo.
The style was best expressed throughdelicate porcelain sculpture ratherthan imposing marble statues.
The themes of love and gaiety were
reflected in sculpture, as wereelements of nature, curving lines andasymmetry.
Sculpture
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Rococoinspired
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Foot wear
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Hair styles
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That is Rococo
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