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STUDY COURSE
(DIRECT DRIVE MODELS)
UNDERSTANDING AUTOMATIC WASHER:
MECHANICAL COMPONENTS
Module 4
LIT 787772 Rev. B
AUTOMATIC WASHER
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All rights r eserved. No portion of th is book ma y be repr oduced in any form with out
written permission from WHIRLPOOL CORPORATION.
1989, 1994, 1998 WHIRLPOOL CORPORATION
WHIRLPOOL CORPORATION does not assu me an y responsibilityor a ny liability in conn ection with t he u se of th is ma nu al.
The tra demarks WHIRLPOOL , , , andFSP ar e registered
tr adem ar ks of Whirlpool Corpora tion.
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INTRODUCTION
The mat erial presented in th is module is inten ded to provide you with a n un dersta nding of the
fundam enta ls of automat ic wash er servicing.
Major a ppliances have become more sophisticated, tak ing th em out of the screwdriver an d pliers
category. Their electrical circuits include several different types of automatic controls, switches,
heaters, valves, etc.. Semiconductors, solid-state controls, and other components usually
associated with radio and television electronic circuits are being engineered into automatic
washers, dryers, dishwashers, and refrigerators.
The appliance technician is emerging into a professional status of his own. He must prepare
himself now to be able to perform his dut ies today as well as to reta in his pr ofessiona lism in th e
future.
No longer is on-the-job training sufficient to prepare technicians for the complicated procedures
required for t odays sophisticated applian ces. This tr aining can best be obtained th rough organized
classroom study and application. However, much of the knowledge necessary to service todays
appliances can be obtained through study courses. Completion of this and other courses will
provide you with su fficient un dersta nding of applian ces a nd t heir operat ion t o enable you to do
minor service. It will also serve as a va luable stepping stone to more advan ced stu dy and on-th e-
job tra ining t o impr ove your servicing skills.
Informa tion cont ained in th is module is used on WHIRLP OOL appliances.
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CHAP TER 1 ......................................................................................... 3MECHANICAL COMPONENTS
*TEST ........................................................ Se e Te s t Book LIT787774
*N O T E: We recom m end t a k i n g t h e T ES T for MOD U LE 4, r i g h t
a fter s tud ying i t .
PAGE
TABLE of CONTENTS
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The a ction of th e agita te cam a nd cam follower allow
th e agitat e gear to be forced down by spr ing action.
This allows it to engage th e splines on t he a gitator
shaft.
Power for the agitate gear will be supplied by the
connecting rack which moves back and forth as it
rotat es around t he cam on th e main drive gear.
When the drive motor rotates clockwise, the main
drive gear in th e gearcase r otates counterclockwise,putting th e washer into the drain/spin m ode.
This time the shift actuator moves forward on the
other side and pushes th e agitate cam in the other
direction. This causes th e cam follower t o push the
agitat e gear up a nd t hen lift it off th e splines on the
agitator shaft.
NOTE: During spin, th e connecting ra ck dr ives the
agitat e gear in an oscillatory motion. Now since the
agitate gear and agitate clutch are disengaged, this
motion IS NOT tra nsferred to the agitator sha ft.
SPRING
AGITATE
CAM
CAM
FOLLOWER
AGITATEGEAR
SPLINES
MAIN DRIVE GEAR
CONNECTING
RACK
AGITATE
GEAR
MAIN
DRIVE
GEAR
MAIN
DRIVE
GEAR
SHIFTACTUATOR
AGITATE
GEAR
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PU MP OUT BEFORE SPIN
(Neutral Drain)
A system chan ge was pha sed into production on a ll
direct drive washers wh ich will let the wash er pum p
out th e water before th e basket spins. This system is
referred to as Neutra l-Drain.
Some previous direct dr ive washer s pum ped out th e
water while the basket was spinning. This system
was called Direct-Into-Spin.
A new gearcase, timer and water level switch are
required with the Neutral-Drain system. This new
gearcase has the part nu mber and the word Neutra l
sta mped on t he cover.
NOTE: Gearcases cannot be interchanged between
th e two systems becaus e of th e opera tiona l differences
of the Neutral-Drain mechanism.
NEU TRAL DRAIN COMP ONENTS
SPIN GEAR has a molded bum p on one of three
bosses. This bump is required du ring th e reset mode
of the neut ral dra in mechan ism.
CAM DELAY SPRING provides proper force to
spin gear cam.
SPIN GEAR CAM a coun ting device to reset th e
neutra l drain mechan ism. Cam is mount ed to hub of
spin gear.
S PIN PAWL functions to drive the spin gear.
TRIP LEVER engages cam teeth. The molded
bump of the spin gear boss contacts the trip lever
which will lift it off the cam and advance it to the
next cam tooth du ring the reset m ode of th e neutr al
drain m echan ism.
LATCH holds spin gear cam stat iona ry to allow
for neutr al drain pu mpout prior to spin.
PAWL ST UD at taches rack reta iner to ma in drivegear an d provides mount ing for spin pawl.
RACK RETAIN ER provides two locator pins and
two tabs for moun ting neut ral dra in component s.
SPIN GEAR
SPIN GEAR SPRING
CAM DELAY SPRING
SPIN GEAR CAM
SPIN PAWL
LATCH
PAWL STUDTRIP
LEVER
SPIN GEAR HUB
RACK RETAINER
DIRECT-INTO-SPIN NEUTRAL DRAIN
SPIN GEAR
SPIN GEAR
HUB
CAM DELAY
SPRING
LATCH
RACK RETAINER
SPIN GEAR
CAM
SPIN PAWL
TRIP LEVER
PAWL
STUD
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NEUTRAL DRAIN OPERATION
Reset During Agitat ion
1. The gearcase will always provide direct into
spin without draining first, EXCEPT when
reset, dur ing a brief agitation period.
2. During this agi tat ion per iod, the main dr ive
gear and neutral drain mechanism rotate
clockwise and the spin gear is idle.
3. The t r ip lever (A) holds the spin gear cam at
the cam t eeth, which cau ses it to slip on the
spin gear h ub.
4. Each revolution of the main drive gear causes
th e tr ip lever t o lift off an d m ove one cam
tooth as it cont acts th e bump (B) on t he spin
gear boss.
5. To reset the mechanism to Neutral Drain, the
trip lever must advan ce past all of the cam
teeth a nd catch th e (C) notch in th e cam. This
locks the cam t o the tr ip lever a nd lets it slip
on th e spin gear hu b.
6. In this locked position, the spin pawl is held
inward becau se th e (D) pawl ta il is riding onthe cam.
Pu mp-Out Mode (Drain)
1. During pump-out (drain), the motor reverses
direction. The main drive gear and neutr al
mechan ism will now rotat e coun terclockwise.
During this mode, the spin gear is idle.
2. During the fi rst few revolut ions, the t r ip
lever (A) which is cont acted by t he sp in gear
bump, is lifted off and m oves to the n eutr al
lobe (B) of th e spin gear cam . While in this
position, contact cannot be made with the
butt on on t he spin gear.
3. During these few revolutions, centrifugal
force cau ses the lat ch to pivot outwa rd a t th e
larger end. The opposite end of the latch ha s
a n otch (C) which catches th e cam an d causes
it to slip on the spin gear hu b. The spin pawlta il (D) is still riding against the cam , which
holds th e pawl inwar d.
4 . The motor runs and pumps out the water for
a p re-set time cont rolled by th e timer.
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
LATCH
OUT
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Pau se Shift to Spin
1. At the end of pump-out , the washer wil l s top
and pause for about three-to-five seconds.During t his timer controlled pau se, the latch
(A) will release the spin gear cam. The spin
gear cam is then free to rotate pa st th e latch
toward the spin pa wl.
Spin Mode
1. Fol lowing the pause, the motor will restar t ,
causing the neutral mechanism to rotate
counterclockwise.
2. The cam (B) rotates around and contacts the
spin pa wl moving it out war d. This will allow
th e pawl to ma ke conta ct with one of th e thr ee
bosses (C) on t he bott om of th e spin gear, now
causing it to spin.
3. The spin gear dr ives the spin pinion, which
rotates the clutch drum. The clutch lining
spring contacts and rotat es the brake r elease
cam. When t he brak e is released, the basket
spins.
The clutch hub is attached to the spin pinion gear.
As the spin pinion gear turns, the clutch hub also
tur ns. The clutch lining is forced against th e clut ch
hub by the clutch spring. As the clutch hub turns,
friction between it an d th e clutch lining causes th e
clutch lining to turn . As the clutch tur ns, th e tab th at
holds the clutch spring on the lining, contacts the
brake cam driver, releasing the brake. The tab on
the clutch lining remains in contact with the brakecam drivers, holding the brake released and then
providing power to the spin tube through the brake
release. The basket is at tached to the spin tube with
a d rive block.
NOTE: When th e machine sh ifts out of th e spin mode,
pressu re is removed from th e brake cam dr iver which
allows the brake linings to expand outward, then
contacting the brake drum which stops the basket
from spinn ing.
BRAKE
LININGSCLUTCH
LINING
CLUTCH HUBSPIN
PINION
GEAR
CLUTCH
SPRING
TAB
BRAKE
CAM DRIVER
CLUTCH HUB
is mounted to the
SPIN PINION GEAR
A
LATCH
IN
C
B
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AGITATORS
The purpose of the agitator is to provide a proper
washing action by moving the water and clothesaround in the basket.
There a re th ree basic designs of agitat ors used. They
ar e th e one piece agitat or, the t wo piece agitat or or
the auger agitator where by the bottom part moves
back and forth and the top part only moves in one
direction.
These agitat ors are pr essed directly onto th e splined
agitator shaft. A screw and rubber washer screwed
into the t op of the agitat or shaft, is used to hold the
agitat or down.
TU B
Tubs are made of a plastic material and will cause
almost no service problems.
This tub is secured to the susp ension plat e with six
screws.
TUB RING
The t ub r ing, or splash shield, fits on top of th e tu b
an d sna ps in place. A ru bber gasket is u sed between
the tub an d tub ring.
The pur pose of the tu b ring is to prevent wat er from
going over th e tub ring dur ing spin or splashing over
the top during agitation.
BASKET
The pu rpose of the ba sket is to hold the cloth es while
they are being washed a nd spu n dr y.
The basket has a porcelain finish and is perforated
t o a l l ow t he wa t e r t o be f r ee - f l owi ng du r i ng
recirulation and draining.
If the bask et is loose on th e spin t ube, it will cau se
excessive noise. Check the drive block to make sure
the cut -outs ar e positioned over the t abs on th e spin
tube, then m ake sur e the span ner (lock) nu t is tight .
Examine the inside of the basket to be certain that
there are no sharp edges or perforations that might
cause clothing dam age. If rough spots a re foun d, san d
or bu rr them off. Seal th e san ded ar eas with epoxy.
TUB SUP PORT and BRAKE
The tub support and bra ke contains the bearings and
seals for the brake and dr ive tube. The tub and
gearcase are mounted to this support.
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SUSP ENSION PLATE
This is a tr iangular design par t, located between the
base an d tub su pport. This part a lso ha s thr ee teflon
coat ed pads which are locat ed in such a way th at t he
thr ee legs on th e tub support ride on them.
BASE
This base is a t hr ee-legged part which provides the
support for t he m oun ting of the su spension plat e, tub
support, gearcase, drive motor a nd pu mp.
The rear panel and wrap-around cabinet are also
mount ed to the base. This base has t hr ee teflon coat ed
pads. One each is located on each of the legs and is
used for t he su spension plat e to slide or m ove ar oun dduring wash and spin.
CABINET REMOVAL
Removing the cabinet t o get at th e component s is very
easy.
Using a screwdriver, remove the screw (one on each
side) from t he front of each en d cap.
Pu ll forward a nd u p on th e console and lay it ba ck on
the hinges.
Disconnect t he h ar ness conn ector by pressing on th e
tab (located in t he m iddle), and pu lling u p.
Insert a flat blade screwdriver into the turned-up
edge of th e clip (located on both sides), and t hen pry
back to release th e clip from th e hole in t he cabinet.
Open an d hold the lid while grabbing th e cabinetfrontopening. Tilt the top of the cabinet toward you by
pulling the cabinet away from the base.
This releases th e front an d back slots of the cabinet
from the t abs in th e front a nd back of the ba se.
Using the side of your leg and/or body as a support
for the front of the cabinet, carefully lift up and set
the cabinet aside.
REAR SLOT
(EACH SIDE)
FRONT SLOT
(EACH SIDE)
REAR TAB
(EACH SIDE)FRONT TAB
(EACH SIDE)
PADS
PADS
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NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
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