Download - 6. WCDMA RNO RF Optimization
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WCDMA RNO RF Optimization
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases Chapter 2 RF Optimization Summary Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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Network Optimization Phases –Flow Chart
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Network optimization phases – step 1
Single site Verefication to verify the functionality of every new site
Objectives to ensure there are no faults related to hardware installation or parameter settings.
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Network optimization phases – step 2
RF Optimization Once most the sites in a given area are integreted and
verified, RF ( or cluster ) optimization could begin. Objectives
To optimize coverage while in the same time keeping interference and pilot pollution under control over the terget area. This phase also includes the verification and optimization of the 3g neighbour lists.
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Network Optimization Phases – Step 3
Services Testing & Parameters Optimization To be conducted in areas of good RF conditions in order
to exclude any coverage issues. Such testing does not need to be performed for each cell but the drive route must include different clutter types and environments.
Objectives To assess the performance and identify any need for
specific parameter optimization.
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Network Optimization Phases – Step 4
Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis - Constant monitoring and evaluation of the network
performance can be based on drive test as well as traffic statistic analysis.
- Results of the regular analysis may necessitate re-visits to the RF optimization and/or parameters’ tuning.
Objectives - identify any new issues that could arise, for example, as a
result of increase in traffic or changes in the environment.
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases Chapter 2 RF Optimization Summary Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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RF Optimization -Preparation
Cluster RF optimization should be carried out for groups or clusters of
sites rather than on single site basis, because the cells’ performance (capacity, coverage and quality) will influence each other.
Cluster division in a project
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RF Optimization -Preparation
Drive Routes Cluster drive surveys should include the coverage areas
of each cell and all the major roads and streets as well as any other important locations.
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RF Optimization -Preparation
Tools DTI, Anritsu or Agilent scanner Huawei U626, Qualcomm UE, etc Huawei Genex Assistant or Actix Analyzer GPS
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RF Optimization -Targets
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RF Optimization –Flow Chart
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RF Optimization -Solutions Antenna down tilt Antenna azimuth Antenna location Antenna height Antenna type Site location New site
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases Chapter 2 RF Optimization Summary Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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RF Analysis Approaches –Cell Dominance
Cells with no dominance at all A site was not radiating during the drive survey Very poor dominance can also be caused by blocking of
the antenna. So a site visit must be made to verify the antenna clearance. Cells with either excessive or poor dominance This could be due to a high site or non-optimum antenna
down tilts. Cells with too large dominance will be causing
interference to adjacent cells resulting in poorer quality and capacity.
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RF Analysis Approaches –Cell Dominance
Areas of non-dominance: Areas where there is not a single clear dominant cell and
where the best server changes too frequently. Result: Excessive number of soft hand off events reducing
the system efficiency and increasing the probability of call drops. UE vs. Scanner Best Serving Cells: Comparison between the UE and scanner SC plots.
Significant differences between the plots may indicate a missing neighbor or failed soft handoff problem.
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RF Analysis Approaches –Cell Dominance
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RF Analysis Approaches –CPICH Coverage
Check areas of poor coverage, suggestion value as below:
Good: RSCP ≥ -85 dBm Fair: -95 dBm ≤ RSCP < -85 dBm Poor: RSCP < -95 dBm Examine the RSCP coverage on per cell basis in order to highlight any cells that have too large a footprint.
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RF Analysis Approaches –CPICH Coverage
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RF Analysis Approaches –Interference
CPICH Ec/Io Plot Good: Ec/Io ≥ -8 dB Fair: -14 dB ≤ Ec/Io < -8 dB Poor: Ec/Io < -14 dB
The -8 dB threshold takes into account the expected future interference increase as a result of increased traffic
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RF Analysis Approaches – Interference
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RF Analysis Approaches – Interference
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RF Analysis Approaches –Interference
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RF Analiysis Approaches – UL Coverage
Uplink Coverage ( UE Tx Power ) High UE Tx power means possible poor Uplink
coverage Areas of high Tx power should be compared to the
CPICH pilots to verify if the problem only exists on the uplink
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RF Analysis Approaches –UL Coverage
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RF Analysis Approaches –Pilot Pollution
Pilot Pollution Point Define: Within a certain margin (which is called ThRSCP_Relative)
to the best server The pilot number (whose strength > best server strength–
ThRSCP_Relative) > ThN (ThN means active set size, normally 3)
Cells which are frequently seen as polluters (e.g. >8% time) should be marked and investigated. Pilot Pollution results should be used in conjunction with the Estimated Active Set Size
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RF Analysis Approaches – Pilot Pollution
ThRSCP_Relative was set 8 dB here
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RF Analysis Approaches – Pilot Pollution
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RF Analysis Approaches –Pilot Pollution
Estimated Active Set Size Another useful measure of pilot pollution is by looking at the
estimated active set based on the scanner data. This plot is obtained by modeling the network soft handoff parameters within Post process tool. In order to see areas of excessive SHO candidates, the
estimated active set size is allowed to exceed maximum of 3. This can be done in conjunction with the Pilot pollution
analysis.
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RF Analysis Approaches –Pilot Pollution
Estimated Active Set Size Example
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RF Analysis Approaches –Neighbor List
Neighbor List Verification The neighbor list could be verified and optimized using
the Neighbor List Verification tool within Actix. Recommendations for Each Cell: Retain: This indicates that those neighbors have been
confirmed from the drive survey data. Add: Missing neighbors Remove: These neighbors that were not measured but
are in the neighbor list.
Careful consideration is needed prior to removing neighbours since the Actix results are drive route dependent.
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RF Analysis Approaches –Neighbor List
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RF Analysis Approaches –SHO
UE SHO Performance The success rates for event 1a, 1b & 1c and can be obtained from Post
process tool
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RF Analysis Approaches –Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis -RF related issues : Poor coverage (RSCP & Ec/Io) High interference and hence poor Ec/Io Poor uplink coverage (insufficient UE Tx power) Poor dominance (best cell changes too frequently
resulting in too many SHO events) Pilot pollution (too many cells present) Missing neighbors Fast change of RF conditions (e.g. turning a corner)
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RF Analysis Approaches – Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis Example 1
Call Drop
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RF Analysis Approaches – Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis Example 2
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RF Analysis Approaches – Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis Example 3
Call Drop
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases Chapter 2 RF Optimization Summary Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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Antenna Adjustment Example
RSCP Coverage before Adjustment
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Antenna Adjustment Example
RSCP Coverage after Adjustment
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Antenna Adjustment Example
RSCP Distribution
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Antenna Adjustment Example
Down Tilt from 4 to 6 Result
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Antenna Adjustment Example
Down Tilt from 4 to 8 Result
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases
Chapter 2 RF Optimization Summary
Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches
Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example
Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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Drop Call Analysis Example
Drop Call Distribution
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Drop Call Analysis Example
There are total 5 drop calls in the plot. The example of drop call 1 is analyzed to show the process of analysis in the following. Drop call 1 occurred at an area of frequent change of best server as shown by the scanner scrambling code plot
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Drop Call Analysis Example
CPICH RSCP and Ec/Io before the Call Drop
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Drop call analysis example
compare Ec/Io from both scanner and UE at the time of the drop as shown in figure . This clearly shows the UE Ec/Io to drop to < -21 dB while the scanner remained above -11 dB.
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Drop call analysis Example
Best Server before and after the call Drop
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Drop call analysis Example
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Drop call analysis example
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Drop call analysis example
Conclusion Examining the UE Active and Monitored set, Figure does not show SC018 to be measured by the UE prior to the drop. This scenario resembles a missing neighbor problem
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Drop call analysis example
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Drop call analysis example
Solution: Looking at drop call Figure clearly shows that at the location of the drop, SC018 should not be the best server. Cell SC018 clearly requires some down tilting to control its interference into the area of Drop 1. To illustrate this, RSCP coverage of SC018 shows clearly that the cell’s is extending into a large area. E.g. around the location of drop call, SC018 RSCP is > -75dBm. Add the Missing Neighbors
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Thank’s