United States Environmental Protection Agency
EPA Document# EPA-740-R1-8010 October 2019 DRAFT
Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention
Draft Risk Evaluation for Methylene Chloride
(Dichloromethane, DCM)
Systematic Review Supplemental File: Data Quality Evaluation for Data Sources on Consumer and
Environmental Exposure
CASRN: 75-09-2
October 2019 NOTICE: This information is distributed solely for the purpose of pre-dissemination peer review under applicable information quality guidelines. It has not been formally disseminated by EPA. It does not represent and should not be construed to represent any Agency determination or policy. It is being circulated for review of its technical accuracy and science policy implications.
H
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PEER REVIEW DRAFT, DO NOT CITE OR QUOTE
Tableof
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istr
y4
46
3970047
Data
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Ch
emi-
cal
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2017.
ST
OR
ET
:M
ethyle
ne
chlo
rid
e.47
3970233
Data
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Ch
emi-
cal
Op
pt
Mon
itori
ng
Data
base
.2017.
Met
hyle
ne
Ch
lori
de.
48
3970265
Data
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Ch
emi-
cal
Hou
seh
old
Pro
du
cts,
Data
base
.2017.
Hou
seh
old
pro
du
cts
data
base
:C
hem
ical
info
rmati
on
:M
ethyle
ne
chlo
rid
e.49
3970848
Data
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Ch
emi-
cal
Oec
dE
xis
itin
gC
hem
ical
Data
base
.2011.
SID
Sin
itia
lass
essm
ent
pro
file
:D
ich
loro
met
han
e.50
3981160
Data
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Ch
emi-
cal
Con
sum
erP
rod
uct
Info
rmati
on
,D
ata
base
.2017.
Wh
at’
sin
it?
met
hyle
ne
chlo
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4663145
Data
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Ch
emi-
cal
Bart
zis,
J..
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Pri
ori
tiza
tion
ofb
uild
ing
mate
rials
as
ind
oor
poll
uti
on
sou
rces
(BU
MA
).52
Completed
Exposu
reAssessments
53
17595
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tU
.S,
E.
P.
A..
1985.
Hea
lth
ass
essm
ent
docu
men
tfo
rd
ich
loro
met
han
e(m
ethy-
len
ech
lori
de)
:F
inal
rep
ort
.53
18169
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tP
age,
G.
W..
1981.
Com
pari
son
of
gro
un
dw
ate
ran
dsu
rface
wate
rfo
rp
att
ern
san
dle
vel
sof
conta
min
ati
on
by
toxic
sub
stan
ces.
Envir
on
men
tal
Sci
ence
and
Tec
hn
olo
gy
15
54
95570
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ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
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hah
,J.
J.,S
ingh
,H
.B
..1988.
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
vola
tile
org
an
icch
emic
als
inou
tdoor
an
din
door
air
:a
nati
on
al
VO
Cs
data
base
.E
nvir
on
men
tal
Sci
ence
an
dT
ech
nolo
gy
22
55
iv
694628
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tD
esta
illa
ts,
H.,M
ad
dale
na,
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L.,S
inger
,B
.C
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od
gso
n,
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T.,M
cKon
e,T
.E
..2008.
Ind
oor
pollu
tants
emit
ted
by
offi
ceeq
uip
men
t:A
revie
wof
rep
ort
edd
ata
an
din
form
ati
on
nee
ds.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
on
men
t42
56
695495
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
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.J.
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chle
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an
ges
inin
door
pollu
tants
sin
ceth
e1950s.
Atm
o-
sph
eric
Envir
on
men
t43
57
735303
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ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tD
aw
son
,H
.E
.,M
cAla
ry,
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Aco
mp
ilati
on
of
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stic
sfo
rV
OC
sfr
om
post
-1990
ind
oor
air
con
centr
ati
on
stu
die
sin
Nort
hA
mer
ican
resi
den
ces
un
af-
fect
edby
sub
surf
ace
vap
or
intr
usi
on
.G
rou
nd
Wate
rM
on
itori
ng
an
dR
emed
ia-
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58
808655
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tU
.S,
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Toxic
olo
gic
al
revie
wof
dic
hlo
rom
eth
an
e(m
ethyle
ne
chlo
-ri
de)
(CA
SR
N75-0
9-2
):In
sup
port
of
sum
mary
info
rmati
on
on
the
Inte
gra
ted
Ris
kIn
form
ati
on
Syst
em(I
RIS
).
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864159
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tJ.
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e,T
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.M
cKon
e,M
.H
.S
her
man
,B
.C
.S
inger
.2011.
Haza
rdass
essm
ent
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ical
air
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min
ants
mea
sure
din
resi
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ces.
Ind
oor
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60
2531129
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ple
ted
Exp
osu
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ealt
h,
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ad
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Can
ad
ian
Envir
on
men
tal
Pro
tect
ion
Act
pri
ori
tysu
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stan
ces
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ass
essm
ent
rep
ort
:D
ich
loro
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han
e.61
3586663
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tL
on
g,
G.,M
eek,
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E.,C
ald
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l,I.
,Bart
lett
,S
.,S
avard
,S
..1994.
Dic
hlo
rom
eth
an
e-
evalu
ati
on
of
risk
sto
hea
lth
from
envir
on
men
tal
exp
osu
rein
Can
ad
a.
Jou
rnal
of
envir
on
men
tal
Sci
ence
an
dH
ealt
h,
Part
C:
Envir
on
men
-ta
lC
arc
inogen
esis
&E
coto
xic
olo
gy
Rev
iew
s12
62
3587217
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tD
eR
ooij
,C
.,T
hom
pso
n,
R.
S.,G
arn
y,V
.,L
eclo
ux,
A.,van
Wij
k,
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Dic
hlo
rom
eth
an
em
ari
ne
risk
ass
essm
ent
wit
hsp
ecia
lre
fere
nce
toth
eO
SP
AR
-C
OM
regio
n:
Nort
hS
ea.
Envir
on
men
tal
Mon
itori
ng
an
dA
sses
smen
t97
63
3827379
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tU
sep
a,O
.O
.W
..2009.
Conta
min
ant
occ
urr
ence
sup
port
docu
men
tfo
rca
tegory
1co
nta
min
ants
for
the
seco
nd
six-y
ear
revie
wofn
ati
on
alp
rim
ary
dri
nkin
gw
ate
rre
gu
lati
on
s.
64
3827392
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tU
.S,
E.
P.
A..
2011.
Back
gro
un
din
door
air
con
centr
ati
on
sof
vola
tile
org
an
icco
mp
ou
nd
sin
Nort
hA
mer
ican
resi
den
ces
(1990-2
005):
Aco
mp
ilati
on
of
stati
s-ti
csfo
rass
essm
ent
vap
or
intr
usi
on
.
65
3827786
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tIa
rc,.
2016.
Dic
hlo
rom
eth
an
e.IA
RC
Mon
ogra
ph
son
the
Evalu
ati
on
of
Car-
cin
ogen
icR
isks
toH
um
an
s110
66
3970852
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tIa
rc,.
2016.
AR
CM
on
ogra
ph
son
the
evalu
ati
on
of
carc
inogen
icri
sks
tohu
-m
an
s:D
ich
loro
met
han
e.110
67
3982130
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tE
uro
pea
nC
hlo
rin
ate
dS
olv
ents
,A
ssoci
ati
on
.1999.
Eu
roch
lor
risk
ass
essm
ent
for
the
mari
ne
envir
on
men
t,O
SP
AR
CO
Mre
gio
n-
Norh
tse
a:
Dic
hlo
rom
eth
an
e.68
3982295
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tO
ehh
a,.
2000.
Pu
blic
hea
lth
goals
for
chem
icals
ind
rin
kin
gw
ate
rd
ich
loro
met
hane
(met
hyle
ne
chlo
rid
e,D
CM
).69
v
3982330
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
t70
3982337
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
t71
4152304
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
t72
4663189
Com
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
t73
Surv
ey
74
1005969
Su
rvey
74
1065590
Su
rvey
Nih
,. 2
016.
Rep
ort
on
carc
inogen
s: D
ich
loro
met
han
e.
Ats
dr,
. 2000.
Toxic
olo
gic
al p
rofi
le f
or
met
hyle
ne
chlo
rid
e.
Her
ber
t, P
.,C
harb
on
nie
r, P
.,R
ivolt
a,
L.,S
erva
is,
M.,V
an
Men
sch
, F
.,C
am
pb
ell,
I.
. 1986.
Th
e occ
urr
ence
of
chlo
rin
ate
d s
olv
ents
in
th
e en
vir
on
men
t. P
rep
are
d
by
a w
ork
shop
of t
he
Eu
rop
ean
Ch
emic
al I
nd
ust
ry F
eder
ati
on
(C
EF
IC).
Ch
em-
istr
y a
nd
In
du
stry
24
Del
maar,
J. E
.. 201
0. E
mis
sion
of c
hem
ical s
ub
stan
ces
from
solid
matr
ices
: a
m
eth
od
for
con
sum
er e
xp
osu
re a
sses
smen
t.
U.S
, E. P
. A..
1987.
Hou
seh
old
solv
ent
pro
du
cts:
A n
ati
on
al u
sage
surv
ey.
Ab
t. 1
992.
Met
hyle
ne
chlo
rid
e co
nsu
mer
use
stu
dy
su
rvey
fin
din
gs.
75
vi
Refer
toAppendix
Eof
‘ApplicationofSystematicReview
inTSCA
RiskEvaluations’
athttps://www.epa.gov
formore
inform
ationofevaluation
proceduresan
dparam
eters.
1
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chan,
C.
C.,V
ain
er,
L.,M
art
in,
J.
W.,W
illiam
s,D
.T
..1990.
Det
erm
inati
on
of
org
anic
conta
min
ants
inre
siden
tial
indoor
air
usi
ng
an
adso
rpti
on-t
her
mal
des
orp
tion
tech
niq
ue.
Journ
al
of
the
Air
and
Wast
eM
anagem
ent
Ass
oci
ati
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
27974
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
At
each
of
12
hom
es
the
fol-
low
ing
sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
din
Novem
ber
or
Decem
ber
1986:
four
indoor
air
sam
ple
s,of
vary
ing
volu
mes,
usi
ng
single
sor-
bent
tub
eand
one
indoor
air
sam
ple
usi
ng
two
sorb
ent
tub
es
connecte
din
seri
es.
Rep
eat
sam
plings
were
carr
ied
out
at
six
of
these
hom
es
inFebru
ary
or
Marc
h,
1987.
The
indoor
air
sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
don
the
main
floor
of
the
hom
e,
usu
ally
inth
elivin
gor
fam
ily
room
,w
here
no
obvio
us
sourc
es
of
con-
tam
inati
on
were
pre
sent.
Indoor
air
sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
dat
the
sam
eti
me,
usu
ally
inth
eevenin
gor
late
aft
ern
oon
where
aunif
orm
90-m
inute
sam
pling
tim
ew
as
use
dand
pum
pflow
rate
sw
ere
adju
sted
tosa
mple
the
requir
ed
volu
me
of
air
.A
irvolu
mes
sam
ple
dvari
ed
from
5to
50
L.
Aft
er
sam
ple
collec-
tion
the
sorb
ent
tub
es
were
seale
din
indiv
idualsc
rew
cap
gla
sstu
bes
and
then
store
din
ati
ghtl
yse
ale
dconta
iner
unti
lana-
lyzed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
Sam
ple
sw
ere
analy
zed
us-
ing
adso
rpti
on/T
herm
al
Deso
rpti
on
couple
dw
ith
Gas
Chro
-m
ato
gra
phy/M
ass
Sp
ectr
om
etr
y(A
TD
/G
S/M
S).
Meth
od
De-
tecti
on
Lim
it(n
g/tu
be)
pro
vid
ed
inT
able
I;6.0
ng/tu
be
for
DC
M,
TC
Eand
PE
RC
.A
naly
sis
was
carr
ied
out
wit
hin
two
days
of
sam
pling.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1C
anada
Met
ric
5:
Tempo
rality
Low
3>
15
years
(1986,,
1987)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
larg
esa
mple
(60
indoor
air
sam
ple
scollecte
d1986:
4sa
mple
susi
ng
single
sorb
ent
tub
eand
1sa
mple
usi
ng
two
sorb
ent
tub
es
connecte
din
ase
ries
and
12
hom
es,
so5x12=
60
and
30
indoor
air
sam
ple
scollecte
d1987
at
6hom
es:
5x6=
30).
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Som
edis
cuss
ion
of
exp
osu
resc
enari
o,
sam
ple
scollecte
don
main
floor
of
the
hom
eusu
ally
inlivin
gro
om
or
fam
ily
room
where
no
sourc
eof
conta
min
ati
on
was
pre
sent.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
ty
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
2
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chan,
C.
C.,V
ain
er,
L.,M
art
in,
J.
W.,W
illiam
s,D
.T
..1990.
Det
erm
inati
on
of
org
anic
conta
min
ants
inre
siden
tial
indoor
air
usi
ng
an
adso
rpti
on-t
her
mal
des
orp
tion
tech
niq
ue.
Journ
al
of
the
Air
and
Wast
eM
anagem
ent
Ass
oci
ati
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
27974
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
.T
able
sII
and
III
rep
ort
indoor
air
concentr
ati
ons
(range
and
mean)
for
12
hom
es
duri
ng
1986
and
6hom
es
duri
ng
1987,
resp
ecti
vely
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2A
bla
nk
sorb
ent
tub
ew
as
carr
ied
toand
from
each
hom
eand
handle
dand
analy
zed
as
asa
mple
,except
that
no
air
was
sam
-ple
dth
rough
the
tub
e.
Each
week,th
ree
tub
es
fort
ified
at
alo
wle
vel
(appro
x70-8
0ng)
and
thre
etu
bes
fort
ified
at
am
ediu
mle
vel
(appro
x700-
800
ng)
wit
ha
standard
mix
ture
of
targ
et
com
pounds,
togeth
er
wit
ha
bla
nk
tub
e,
were
transp
ort
ed
toand
from
one
sam
pling
site
and
analy
zed
by
AT
D/G
C/M
S.
To
ass
ess
the
stabilit
yof
the
org
anic
targ
et
com
pounds
dur-
ing
stora
ge
of
the
sam
pling
tub
e,
trip
licate
sorb
ent
tub
es
for-
tified
wit
hth
eta
rget
com
pounds
at
low
and
mediu
mle
vels
(appro
x70-8
0and
700-8
00
ng,
resp
ecti
vely
),to
geth
er
wit
ha
bla
nk
tub
e,w
ere
store
dfo
r0,1
,3and
7days
under
norm
alst
or-
age
condit
ions
and
then
analy
zed
by
AT
D/G
C/M
S.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Sin
ce
concentr
ati
ons
of
conta
min
ants
can
vary
gre
atl
y,
eff
ec-
tive
use
of
the
tech
niq
ue
requir
es
that
severa
lair
sam
ple
sof
diff
ere
nt
volu
mes
be
collecte
dat
each
locati
on.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
3
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Fer
rari
o,
J.
B.,L
awle
r,G
.C
.,D
eleo
n,
I.R
.,L
ase
ter,
J.
L..
1985.
Vola
tile
org
anic
polluta
nts
inbio
taand
sedim
ents
of
Lake
Pontc
hart
rain
.B
ullet
inof
Envir
onm
enta
lC
onta
min
ati
on
and
Tox
icolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
28993
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
eta
iled
meth
ods.
Sam
ple
spack
ed
on
ice
and
then
frozen
unti
lanaly
sis.
No
length
of
stora
ge
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
sis
usi
ng
Nati
onal
Bure
au
of
Sta
ndard
spro
cedure
,but
modifi
ed.
Old
er
meth
od
(1976).
Thre
ere
covery
inte
rnal
stan-
dard
sadded.
GC
/M
S.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
31980
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
Eit
her
5in
div
idual
or
1com
posi
tesa
mple
per
bio
taty
pe
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Media
and
chem
ical
of
inte
rest
,and
inU
S,
how
ever,
itis
an
old
er
study
som
ay
not
reflect
curr
ent
condit
ions,
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.O
nly
mean
pro
vid
ed
if5
sam
ple
scollecte
d.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2B
lanks
and
calibra
tion
standard
suse
d,
inaddit
ion
inte
rnal
standard
s,how
ever
resu
lts
not
rep
ort
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Not
dic
suss
ed
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
4
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sin
gh,
H.
B.,Sala
s,L
.J.,Sti
les,
R.
E..
1983.
Sel
ecte
dm
an-m
ade
halo
gen
ate
dch
emic
als
inth
eair
and
oce
anic
envir
onm
ent.
Journ
al
of
Geo
physi
cal
Res
earc
h.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
29192
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3sa
mpling
meth
od,
equip
ments
are
dis
cri
bed.
But
there
isti
me
lag(3
-6w
eeks)
betw
een
sam
pling
and
analy
sis.
exp
eri
menta
lpro
tocol
ispro
vid
ed
inanoth
er
refe
rence(s
ingh
1982).
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
ralit
yL
ow3
>15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
Suffi
cie
nt
sam
ple
size(A
bout
40).
These
sam
ple
sare
collecte
din
vari
ous
date
s,si
tes,
and
depth
.B
ut
no
replicate
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Data
set
isw
ell
sum
mari
zed.
But
no
raw
data
issh
ow
ed(j
ust
avera
ge
valu
e).
The
meanin
gof
hyphen
isnot
expla
ined.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2Q
Ais
desc
rib
ed
abit
like
calibra
tion,
standard
sth
ough,
dis
-cuss
ion
isquit
elim
ited.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Com
pari
son
of
measu
red
valu
es
and
pre
dic
ted
valu
es
isde-
scri
bed
though,
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
5
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ryan,
T.
J.,H
art
,E
.M
.,K
apple
r,L
.L
..2002.
VO
Cex
posu
res
ina
mix
ed-u
seuniv
ersi
tyart
buildin
g.
AIH
AJourn
al.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
49414
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Gave
sam
pling
deta
ils.
Sam
ple
sre
frig
era
ted
and
analy
zed
wit
hin
2w
eeks.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2M
eth
ods
well
desc
rib
ed,
but
info
such
as
calibra
tion,
bla
nks,
and
recoveri
es
were
not
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
118
to90
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1p
ers
onal
monit
ori
ng
inpri
nti
ng
studio
at
univ
ers
ity
(rele
vant
tohig
h-e
nd
hobbyis
t)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.M
issi
ng
the
range,
but
has
avera
ge,
media
nand
AD
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3U
sed
the
Qedit
functi
on
for
accura
cy
and
pre
cis
ion,
but
was
not
desc
rib
ed.
Bla
nks
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1D
iscuss
ion
diff
ere
nt
locati
ons
of
buildin
g,
com
pare
dto
oth
er
studie
s,pro
vid
ed
SD
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
6
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ots
on,
R.,D
oyle
,E
.E
.,W
illiam
s,D
.T
.,B
oth
wel
l,P
.D
..1983.
Surv
eyof
sele
cted
org
anic
sin
offi
ceair
.B
ullet
inof
Envir
on-
men
tal
Conta
min
ati
on
and
Tox
icolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
75004
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
dequate
lydis
cuss
ed
sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy;
date
and
dura
-ti
on
of
sam
pling
giv
en;
more
desc
ripti
on
of
offi
ces
needed
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
dequate
lydis
cuss
ed
analy
tical
meth
odolo
gy;
gas
chro
mato
g-
raphy
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Canada,
Ott
aw
aoffi
ces
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
years
(1982)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
The
air
quality
inO
ttaw
aoffi
ces
was
monit
ore
dover
a6
to8
hp
eri
od
duri
ng
busi
ness
hours
inFebru
ary
,1982.
Avari
ety
of
busi
ness
es
and
buildin
gs
were
sele
cte
dand
desc
rib
ed.
One
are
aand
two
pers
onal
exp
osu
rem
easu
rem
ents
were
made
by
means
of
dosi
mete
rsin
each
of
30
offi
ces.
Als
o,
Pro
-Tek
badge
measu
rem
ents
were
obta
ined
side-b
y-s
ide
wit
hth
edosi
mete
rsin
7offi
ces.
Bla
nk
measu
rem
ents
(unexp
ose
dele
ment)
were
obta
ined
for
dosi
mete
rsat
7offi
ces
and
for
badges
at
one
offi
ce.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Scenari
oof
inte
rest
-in
door
air
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Mean
concentr
ati
ons
from
thre
edete
rmin
ati
ons
(devic
es)
re-
port
ed
inT
able
II.
Supple
menta
lor
raw
data
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3M
inim
al
dis
cuss
ion;
Bla
nk
measu
rem
ents
(unexp
ose
dele
ment)
were
obta
ined
for
dosi
mete
rsat
7offi
ces
and
for
badges
at
one
offi
ce.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Sin
ce
the
spars
edata
(TA
BL
EII
I)genera
lly
inclu
ded
valu
es
near
the
dete
cti
on
lim
its,
stati
stic
al
com
pari
son
(HIC
KE
Y&
BIS
HO
P1981)
of
the
surv
ey
resu
lts
was
not
consi
dere
dm
ean-
ingfu
l.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
7
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ots
on,
R.,D
oyle
,E
.E
.,W
illiam
s,D
.T
.,B
oth
wel
l,P
.D
..1983.
Surv
eyof
sele
cted
org
anic
sin
offi
ceair
.B
ullet
inof
Envir
on-
men
tal
Conta
min
ati
on
and
Tox
icolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
75004
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
8
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Lin
dst
rom
,A
.B
.,P
roffi
tt,
D.,F
ort
une,
C.
R..
1995.
Eff
ects
of
modifi
edre
siden
tial
const
ruct
ion
on
indoor
air
quality
.In
door
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
78782
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2te
nax,
state
dfo
llow
ed
epa
guid
elines.
Desc
rib
ed
sam
ple
dhom
es.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3H
PL
Cand
pro
vid
ed
MD
Ls,
but
did
not
desc
rib
eth
eH
PL
C.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
10
hom
es
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
test
ing
condit
ions
well
desc
rib
ed
(housi
ng
chara
cte
rist
ics)
.O
nly
one
geogra
phic
locati
on.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
only
geom
etr
icm
eans
pro
vid
ed.
No
SD
,ra
nge.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Ccan
be
implied.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
No
SD
or
CV
.desc
rib
ed
diff
ere
nces
betw
een
conventi
onal
and
exp
eri
menta
lhom
es.
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.3
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
9
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Adgate
,J.
L.,C
hurc
h,
T.
R.,R
yan,
A.
D.,R
am
ach
andra
n,
G.,F
redri
ckso
n,
A.
L.,Sto
ck,
T.
H.,M
ora
ndi,
M.
T.,Sex
ton,
K..
2004.
Outd
oor,
indoor,
and
per
sonal
exp
osu
reto
VO
Cs
inch
ildre
n.
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
hP
ersp
ecti
ves
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
632310
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2st
ora
ge
condit
ions
and
dura
tions
not
pro
vid
ed
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3D
idnot
actu
ally
pro
vid
eth
edete
cti
on
lim
it,
alt
hough
the
did
dis
cuss
how
they
handle
dL
OD
valu
es.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
years
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2no
recoveri
es
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
No
CV
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
10
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Yam
am
oto
,K
.,F
ukush
ima,
M.,K
akuta
ni,
N.,K
uro
da,
K..
1997.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inurb
an
river
sand
thei
res
tuari
esin
Osa
ka,
Japan.
Envir
onm
enta
lP
olluti
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
645789
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
od
dis
cuss
ed,
but
does
not
indic
ate
ifit
isa
standard
meth
od.
Sam
ple
sst
ore
dre
frig
era
ted
unti
lanaly
sis.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
GC
/M
S.
EP
AM
eth
od
524.2
Mean
accura
cy,
the
pre
cis
ion
&m
eth
od
dete
cti
on
lim
its
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
20
years
(1993-1
995)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1L
arg
esa
mple
size;
30
wate
rsa
mple
scollecte
dfr
om
30
site
s;sa
mple
ddiff
ere
nt
month
s&
years
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1Sit
edesc
ripti
on
and
sam
pling
site
spro
vid
ed
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
rep
ort
ed;
levels
are
rep
ort
ed
inF
igure
1
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2M
ean
accura
cy,
pre
cis
ion
and
meth
od
dete
cti
on
lim
its
cit
ed.
No
contr
ol
sam
ple
s?
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Dis
cuss
ion
on
reaso
ns
for
dis
trib
uti
on
patt
ern
sof
DC
M.
TC
Eand
PE
RC
have
sim
ilar
dis
trib
uti
on
patt
ern
s.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
11
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Guo,
H.,L
ee,
S.C
.,C
han,
L.Y
.,L
i,W
.M
..2004.
Ris
kass
essm
ent
of
exp
osu
reto
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
indiff
eren
tin
door
envir
onm
ents
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lR
esea
rch.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
758690
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3pro
vid
ed
only
min
imal
info
rmati
on
on
sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy,
wit
hno
refe
rence
tofu
rther
supple
menta
lin
form
ati
on
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4T
he
analy
ticalm
eth
od
use
dw
as
not
menti
oned
(neit
her
equip
-m
ent
or
meth
od
num
ber)
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3P
rior
to2002.
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
4sa
mple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
ina
resi
dence,
but
not
scenari
osp
ecifi
c
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3quality
contr
ol
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
The
uncert
ain
tyse
cti
on
dis
cuss
es
definit
ions
ofuncert
ain
tyand
generi
cexam
ple
sof
vari
ati
on
and
uncert
ain
tyin
risk
ass
ess
-m
ent.
Only
the
final
para
gra
ph
menti
ons
the
study
itse
lf,
and
then
wit
hout
any
stati
stic
al
analy
sis
of
the
study
data
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.6
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
h o
ur Application
of System
atic Review
in
TSCARisk Eva
luations
docu
men
t, i
f a
met
ric
for
a d
ata
sou
rce
rece
ives
a s
core
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re =
4),
EP
A w
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
to
be
un
acc
epta
ble
. In
th
is c
ase
, on
e of
the
met
rics
wer
e ra
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
. A
s su
ch,
the
stu
dy
is
con
sid
ered
un
acc
epta
ble
an
d t
he
score
is p
rese
nte
d s
ole
ly t
o in
crea
se t
ran
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h =
1; M
ediu
m =
2; L
ow
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd m
ay n
ot re
quire
add
ition
al
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
12
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chao,
C.
Y.,C
han,
G.
Y..
2001.
Quanti
fica
tion
of
indoor
VO
Cs
intw
enty
mec
hanic
ally
ven
tila
ted
buildin
gs
inH
ong
Kong.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
824555
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2no
recoveri
es,
EP
Am
eth
od
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
10
sam
ple
s,4
hr
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
fore
ign
countr
y,
not
dir
ectl
ylinked
toconsu
mer
pro
ducts
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3D
idn’t
dis
cuss
QC
,but
use
dst
andard
meth
ods
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
SD
pro
vid
ed,
com
pare
dre
sult
sb
etw
een
locati
ons
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
13
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
X.
M.
Wu,
M.
G.
Apte
,R
.M
addale
na,
D.
H.
Ben
net
t.2011.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
insm
all-
and
med
ium
-siz
edco
mm
erci
al
buildin
gs
inC
alifo
rnia
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1062239
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
EP
Am
eth
od
TO
-17;
GC
-MSC
oncentr
ati
ons
belo
wM
DL
were
repla
ced
wit
h1/2
MD
L,
while
for
sam
ple
sb
etw
een
the
MD
Land
the
analy
tical
lim
itof
quanti
ficati
on
(LO
Q),
dete
rmin
ed
as
10
tim
es
the
standard
devia
tion
of
low
-level
spik
es,
were
rep
ort
ed
as
the
valu
edete
rmin
ed
inth
ela
bora
tory
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
2>
5yrs
old
(2011
pub)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
indoor
air
study.
but
not
cosu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
the
resu
ltof
concentr
ati
on
for
each
chem
icals
issu
mm
ari
zed.
But
no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
yis
lim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
14
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Dodso
n,
R.
E.,L
evy,
J.
I.,S
pen
gle
r,J.
D.,Shin
e,J.
P.,B
ennet
t,D
.H
..2008.
Influen
ceof
base
men
ts,
gara
ges
,and
com
mon
hallw
ays
on
indoor
resi
den
tial
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pound
conce
ntr
ati
ons.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1065844
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sto
rage
condit
ions
and
calibra
tion
not
dis
cuss
ed,
but
did
use
apublish
ed
meth
od.
BE
AM
study.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sta
ndard
TO
17
meth
od
was
use
d.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
2su
mm
er
2004
and
win
ter2
005
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1L
arg
esa
mple
size.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
not
tied
toa
specifi
cconsu
mer
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.M
ean
and
SD
inth
em
ain
rep
ort
.O
ther
stats
may
be
insu
pple
menta
l.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2A
vera
ge
recovery
of
65
perc
ent.
Addit
ional
info
insu
pp
mate
-ri
als
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
15
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
S.
N.
Sax,
D.
H.
Ben
net
t,S.
N.
Chillr
ud,
P.
L.
Kin
ney
,J.
D.
Sp
engle
r.2004.
Diff
eren
ces
inso
urc
eem
issi
on
rate
sof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inin
ner
-cit
yre
siden
ces
of
New
York
Cit
yand
Los
Angel
es.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1066049
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
The
sam
pling
and
analy
tical
meth
ods
are
desc
rib
ed
inU
SE
PA
”s
Com
pendiu
mM
eth
od
TO
-17.
Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
See
Stu
dy
Desi
gn.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
The
sam
pling
and
analy
tical
meth
ods
are
desc
rib
ed
inU
SE
PA
”s
Com
pendiu
mM
eth
od
TO
-17.
GC
-MSD
.L
OD
sre
-p
ort
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
NY
C,N
Y(H
arl
em
)and
Los
Angele
s,C
A(S
outh
Centr
al,
LA
)
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
years
(N
YC
:w
inte
rand
sum
mer
1999
and
Los
Angele
s:fa
lland
win
ter
2000)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1la
rge
sam
ple
size
(36
sam
ple
s);
duplicate
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Measu
rem
ents
were
conducte
din
ab
out
40
hom
es
ineach
of
the
two
cit
ies
acro
sstw
ose
aso
ns.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
.Sum
mary
stats
for
indoor
air
pro
vid
ed
inT
able
3.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2F
ield
and
lab
ora
tory
bla
nks
were
collecte
d,
wit
heach
tota
ling
at
least
10
perc
ent
of
the
num
ber
of
sam
ple
s.F
ield
bla
nks
were
transp
ort
ed
and
handle
dlike
regula
rsa
mple
s,but
were
not
att
ach
ed
topum
ps
.F
ield
bla
nks
were
use
dto
dete
rmin
eback
gro
und
conta
min
ati
on
and
for
calc
ula
tion
ofm
eth
od
lim
its
of
dete
cti
on
(LO
Ds)
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
ty
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
16
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
S.
N.
Sax,
D.
H.
Ben
net
t,S.
N.
Chillr
ud,
P.
L.
Kin
ney
,J.
D.
Sp
engle
r.2004.
Diff
eren
ces
inso
urc
eem
issi
on
rate
sof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inin
ner
-cit
yre
siden
ces
of
New
York
Cit
yand
Los
Angel
es.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1066049
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1In
door”
outd
oor
rela
tionsh
ips
as
well
as
SE
Rs
were
calc
ula
ted
for
each
hom
eand
sourc
es
of
vari
abilit
yin
the
data
were
ex-
am
ined.
Betw
een
hom
es,
vari
abilit
ym
ay
be
due
todiff
ere
nces
inhousi
ng
chara
cte
rist
ics,
buildin
gm
ate
rials
,use
and
stora
ge
of
house
hold
pro
ducts
,and
AE
Rs.
Betw
een
cit
ies,
vari
abilit
ycan
be
ass
ocia
ted
wit
hdiff
ere
nces
inam
bie
nt
em
issi
on
sourc
es
and
mete
oro
logic
al
patt
ern
s.A
lso,
seaso
nal
vari
abilit
yw
ithin
each
cit
ycan
be
due
todiff
ere
nt
mete
oro
logic
alpatt
ern
sin
dif
-fe
rent
seaso
ns,
whic
hin
turn
aff
ect
AE
R,
envir
onm
enta
lch
em
-is
try,
em
issi
on
rate
s,and
envir
onm
enta
ldis
pers
ion
rate
s.B
ydete
rmin
ing
the
vari
abilit
yin
both
indoor”
outd
oor
rela
tion-
ship
sand
SE
Rs,
we
can
gain
ab
ett
er
unders
tandin
gof
indoor
contr
ibuti
ons
tohum
an
exp
osu
res.
The
degre
eof
uncert
ain
tyass
ocia
ted
wit
hm
easu
rem
ent
err
or
was
als
ocalc
ula
ted
for
the
est
imate
dem
issi
on
rate
sand
this
uncert
ain
tyw
as
com
pare
dto
the
inhere
nt
vari
abilit
y.
We
dis
cuss
the
implicati
on
of
this
uncert
ain
tyon
pre
dic
ting
em
issi
on
rate
sof
VO
Cs
inhom
es.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
17
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
v an
de
Mee
nt,
D.,D
enH
ollander
,H
.A
.,P
ool,
W.
G.,V
reden
bre
gt,
M.
J.,va
nO
ers,
H.
A.
M.,de
Gre
ef,
E.,L
uij
ten,
J.
a.
1986.
Org
anic
mic
rop
olluta
nts
inD
utc
hco
ast
al
wate
rs.
Wate
rSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1441544
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2calibra
tion,
stora
ge
condit
ions
are
mis
sed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4T
he
analy
tical
meth
od
for
PE
RC
and
TC
Eis
not
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
31986,>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
study
of
Dutc
hcoast
al
wate
r.not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
,dete
cti
on
frequency
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
uncert
ain
tyis
few
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.2
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
h o
ur Application
of System
atic Review
in
TSCARisk Eva
luations
docu
men
t, i
f a
met
ric
for
a d
ata
sou
rce
rece
ives
a s
core
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re =
4),
EP
A w
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
to
be
un
acc
epta
ble
. In
th
is c
ase
, on
e of
the
met
rics
wer
e ra
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
. A
s su
ch,
the
stu
dy
is
con
sid
ered
un
acc
epta
ble
an
d t
he
score
is p
rese
nte
d s
ole
ly t
o in
crea
se t
ran
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h =
1; M
ediu
m =
2; L
ow
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd m
ay n
ot re
quire
add
ition
al
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
18
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Lee
,S.
C.,L
i,W
.M
.,C
han,
L.
Y..
2001.
Indoor
air
quality
at
rest
aura
nts
wit
hdiff
eren
tst
yle
sof
cookin
gin
met
rop
olita
nH
ong
Kong.
Sci
ence
of
the
Tota
lE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1642248
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
C/M
S;
MD
L;
no
recovery
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
indoor
air
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Hong
Kong
locati
on,
may
not
be
as
rele
vant
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3R
eceiv
ed
2000
(>15
yrs
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
tota
lof
16
sam
ple
sat
4re
staura
nts
;duplicate
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Doesn
’tti
eback
toany
identi
fied
use
,but
implies
act
of
cook-
ing
isre
leasi
ng
chem
ical.
Not
cle
ar
where
the
DC
Mis
com
ing
from
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cm
eth
ods
are
not
desc
rib
ed,
but
implied
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Uncert
ain
ties
not
identi
fied.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
19
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chan,
C.,L
ee,
S.
C.,C
han,
W.,H
o,
K.,T
ian,
L.,L
ai,
S.,L
i,Y
.,H
uang,
Y.
u.
2011.
Chara
cter
isati
on
of
Vola
tile
Org
anic
Com
-p
ounds
at
Hote
lsin
South
ern
Chin
a.
Indoor
and
Built
Envir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1978790
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
indoor
air
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
2>
10
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
indoor
air
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Resu
lts
rep
ort
ed
insu
mm
ary
/ch
art
form
,not
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
vari
abilit
yor
dis
cuss
ion
on
uncert
ain
ties.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
20
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chin
,J.
Y.,G
odw
in,
C.,P
ark
er,
E.,R
obin
s,T
.,L
ewis
,T
.,H
arb
in,
P.,B
att
erm
an,
S..
2014.
Lev
els
and
sourc
esof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inhom
esof
childre
nw
ith
ast
hm
a.
Indoor
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2443355
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
22010
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
17
day
sam
ple
s,la
rge
sam
ple
size
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1Sourc
eid
enti
ficati
on
usi
ng
facto
ranaly
sis
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
21
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Abta
hi,
M.,N
addafi,
K.,M
esdaghin
ia,
A.,Y
aghm
aei
an,
K.,N
abiz
adeh
,R
.,Jaafa
rzadeh
,N
.,R
ast
kari
,N
.,Saee
di,
R.,N
azm
ara
,S..
2013.
Dic
hlo
rom
ethane
emis
sions
from
auto
moti
ve
manufa
cturi
ng
indust
ryin
Iran:
Case
study
of
the
SA
IPA
auto
moti
ve
manufa
cturi
ng
com
pany.
Tox
icolo
gic
al
and
Envir
onm
enta
lC
hem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2667557
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3B
rief
dis
cuss
ion.
No
perf
orm
ance/calibra
tion
or
study
site
chara
cte
rist
ics
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3G
C/F
ID;
LO
Dnot
rep
ort
ed
but
can
be
deri
ved
from
the
gra
ph?;
no
deta
ils
on
calibra
tion
or
recovery
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
wast
ew
ate
reffl
uent
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
2>
5years
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
15
sam
ple
s;no
replicate
sm
enti
oned
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
no
menti
on
of
contr
ols
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
wast
ew
ate
reffl
uent
was
rep
ort
ed
as
ND
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cm
eth
ods
are
not
desc
rib
ed,
but
implied
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Vari
abilit
yis
n/a;
Uncert
ain
ties
not
identi
fied.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.4
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
22
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chri
stof,
O.,Sei
fert
,R
.,M
ichael
is,
W..
2002.
Vola
tile
halo
gen
ate
dorg
anic
com
pounds
inE
uro
pea
nes
tuari
es.
Bio
geo
chem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3242836
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
nis
kan
sam
ple
r,gla
ssb
ott
les,
store
dcool
and
dark
,unti
lpurg
-in
g,
purg
ed
wit
h12
hours
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2purg
eand
trap
wit
hgc-m
s.D
eta
iled
op
era
ting
condit
ions
pro
-vid
ed..
No
auth
ori
tati
ve
meth
od
use
d.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
31997-1
999
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
114-1
5sa
mple
sp
er
data
set
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
r,but
not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Only
range.
No
mean,
media
n,
sd.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Duplicate
sam
ple
analy
sis
ingenera
l.P
urg
eeffi
cie
ncy
=90-9
3p
erc
ent
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Menti
oned
that
oth
er
studie
ssa
idw
ate
rtr
aps
can
cause
GC
pro
ble
ms,
but
they
said
that
div
ers
ete
sts
show
ed
that
their
wate
rtr
aps
work
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
23
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Duan,
H.,L
iu,
X.,Y
an,
M.,W
u,
Y.,L
iu,
Z..
2016.
Chara
cter
isti
csof
carb
onyls
and
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
(VO
Cs)
inre
siden
ces
inB
eiji
ng,
Chin
a.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3449449
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Deta
iled
sam
pling
info
pro
vid
ed
inclu
din
gst
ora
ge
dura
tion,
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
eta
iled
info
pro
vid
ed.
Only
range
of
LO
Dfo
rall
VO
Cs
pro
-vid
ed.
Inte
rnal
standard
suse
d.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Chin
a
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
26
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1100
sam
ple
s.24
hr
sam
ple
.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
sourc
es
of
exp
osu
renot
defined.
For
DC
M,
do
pro
vid
eso
me
poss
ible
sourc
es
inclu
din
gpain
ting
and
aero
sol
pro
pellant.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
range
or
Fre
quency
of
dete
cti
on.
Pro
vid
es
avera
ge
+/-
SD
and
media
nfo
rV
OC
s.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2C
alibra
tion
dis
cuss
ed.
No
field
recoveri
es
or
contr
ols
men-
tioned.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Min
imaldis
cuss
ion
of
DC
Mvari
abilit
y,so
me
dis
cuss
ion
of
con-
dit
ions
of
hig
hest
concentr
ati
ons
and
som
euncert
ain
tysu
r-ro
und
inte
racti
on
betw
een
influence
of
outd
oor
concentr
ati
ons
on
indoor
air
concentr
ati
ons.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
24
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
T.
Hoang,
R.
Cast
ori
na,
F.
Gasp
ar,
R.
Maddale
na,
P.
L.
Jen
kin
s,Q
.Z
hang,
T.
E.
Mck
one,
E.
Ben
fenati
,A
.Y
.Shi,
A.
Bra
dm
an.
2016.
VO
Cex
posu
res
inC
alifo
rnia
earl
ych
ildhood
educa
tion
envir
onm
ents
.In
door
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3453092
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed
though,
calibra
tion
of
sam
-ple
rfo
rin
door
air
isnot
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
2>
5to
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
lack
of
the
info
rmati
on
of
em
issi
on
sourc
e
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
the
sum
mary
of
resu
lts
are
well
desc
rib
ed.
But
no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
uncert
ain
tyfo
rsa
mpling
isdis
cuss
ed
sim
ply
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
25
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Dai,
H.,Jin
g,
S.,W
ang,
H.,M
a,
Y.,L
i,L
.,Song,
W.,K
an,
H..
2017.
VO
Cch
ara
cter
isti
csand
inhala
tion
hea
lth
risk
sin
new
lyre
nov
ate
dre
siden
ces
inShanghai,
Chin
a.
Sci
ence
of
the
Tota
lE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3453725
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed;
MD
Lfo
rD
CM
not
list
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
indoor
air
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Hig
h1
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
8re
sidences;
thre
esa
mpling
site
sat
each
resi
dence:
livin
gro
om
,b
edoom
,and
study.
No
menti
on
of
replicate
sam
pling.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
sam
ple
s;not
specifi
cally
ass
ocia
ted
wit
ha
consu
mer
pro
duct
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Resu
lts
rep
ort
ed
insu
mm
ary
/ch
art
form
,not
raw
data
.H
ow
-ever,
raw
data
may
be
pro
vid
ed
inSupple
menta
ryIn
fo.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
Ais
implied.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
26
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ma,
H.,Z
hang,
H.,W
ang,
L.,W
ang,
J.,C
hen
,J..
2014.
Com
pre
hen
sive
scre
enin
gand
pri
ori
tyra
nkin
gof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inD
aliao
Riv
er,
Chin
a.
Envir
onm
enta
lM
onit
ori
ng
and
Ass
essm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3488897
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sam
pling
meth
ods
and
stora
ge
are
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
ods
and
inst
rum
enta
tion
are
giv
en.
Dete
cti
on
lim
its
menti
oned,
but
calibra
tion
not
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
No
bio
mark
er
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Map
wit
hsa
mpling
locati
ons
alo
ng
Daliao
Riv
er
(Chin
a)
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
2Sam
ple
scollecte
din
2011
(5-1
5years
ago)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1D
uplicate
and
trip
licate
sam
ple
sta
ken
from
20
locati
ons.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1Surf
ace
wate
rconcentr
ati
on
for
VO
Cs
inclu
din
gP
ER
C
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Sum
mary
resu
lts
only
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Quality
ass
ura
nce
desc
rib
ed
insa
mpling/analy
ticalpro
cedure
s
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Vari
abilit
yass
ess
ed
wit
hre
plicate
sam
ple
s
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
27
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Bia
nch
i,E
.,L
essi
ng,
G.,B
rina,
K.
R.,A
ngel
i,L
.,A
ndri
guet
ti,
N.
B.,P
eruzz
o,
J.
R.,D
oN
asc
imen
to,
C.
A.,Spilki,
F.
R.,Z
iulk
osk
i,A
.L
.,da
Silva
,L
.B
..2017.
Monit
ori
ng
the
Gen
oto
xic
and
Cyto
toxic
Pote
nti
aland
the
Pre
sence
ofP
esti
cides
and
Hydro
carb
ons
inW
ate
rof
the
Sin
os
Riv
erB
asi
n,
South
ern
Bra
zil.
Arc
hiv
esof
Envir
onm
enta
lC
onta
min
ati
on
and
Tox
icolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3489827
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
swsa
mple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
2>
5yrs
.
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
”60
sam
ple
sduri
ng
9collecti
ons”
;no
menti
on
of
replicate
sam
-pling.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
swsa
mple
s,not
inth
eU
S.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Raw
data
not
pro
vid
ed;
sum
mary
of
PE
RC
and
DC
Mconcen-
trati
on
data
on
page
325
(Table
1).
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
Ais
implied.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Stu
dy
pro
vid
ed
som
edis
cuss
ion
on
uncert
ain
ties;
no
vari
abil-
ity.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
28
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Tobis
zew
ski,
M.,N
am
iesn
ik,
J..
2013.
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
vola
tile
org
anohalo
gen
com
pounds
inp
etro
chem
icalpla
nt
wate
rst
ream
s.C
hem
istr
yand
Eco
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3490937
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
C/E
CD
;L
OD
/L
OQ
s?;
no
recovery
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Unacc
epta
ble
4p
etr
och
em
ical
pla
nt
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Med
ium
22010
(>5
years
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Mis
sing
many
para
mete
rs.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cm
eth
ods
are
not
desc
rib
ed,
but
implied
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
on
vari
abilit
yor
lim
itati
ons.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.2
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
h o
ur Application
of System
atic Review
in
TSCARisk Eva
luations
docu
men
t, i
f a
met
ric
for
a d
ata
sou
rce
rece
ives
a s
core
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re =
4),
EP
A w
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
to
be
un
acc
epta
ble
. In
th
is c
ase
, on
e of
the
met
rics
wer
e ra
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
. A
s su
ch,
the
stu
dy
is
con
sid
ered
un
acc
epta
ble
an
d t
he
score
is p
rese
nte
d s
ole
ly t
o in
crea
se t
ran
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h =
1; M
ediu
m =
2; L
ow
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd m
ay n
ot re
quire
add
ition
al
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
29
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Am
agai,
T.,O
lansa
ndan,,M
ats
ush
ita,
H.,O
no,
M.,N
aka
i,S.,T
am
ura
,K
.,M
aed
a,
K..
1999.
Asu
rvey
of
indoor
polluti
on
by
vola
tile
org
anohalo
gen
com
pounds
inK
ats
ush
ika,
Tokyo,
Japan.
Indoor
and
Built
Envir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3545469
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
calibra
tion,
flow
rate
s
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3L
OQ
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
No
bio
monit
ori
ng.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
yrs
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1>
50
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
no
dir
ect
link
toconsu
mer
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2U
sed
field
bla
nks.
Recoveri
es
not
menti
oned.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
30
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Lee
,W
.,P
ark
,S.
H.,K
im,
J.,Jung,
J.
Y..
2015.
Occ
urr
ence
and
rem
oval
of
haza
rdous
chem
icals
and
toxic
met
als
in27
indust
rial
wast
ewate
rtr
eatm
ent
pla
nts
inK
ore
a.
Des
alinati
on
and
Wate
rT
reatm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3580141
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3N
odis
cuss
ion
,but
ass
um
ed
tob
ein
the
standard
analy
tical
meth
od
use
d.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Purg
eand
trap
wit
hG
C.
Sta
ndard
Kore
an
meth
od.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Hig
h1
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
127
facilit
ies
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
wast
ew
ate
reffl
uent,
but
not
inth
eU
S
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
No
raw
data
,no
SD
.N
odete
cti
on
frequency.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3N
odis
cuss
ion,
but
ass
um
ed
because
use
dst
andard
Kore
an
meth
od.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
SD
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
31
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ducl
os,
Y.,B
lanch
ard
,M
.,C
hes
teri
koff
,A
.,C
hev
reuil,
M..
2000.
Impact
of
pari
sw
ast
eup
on
the
chlo
rinate
dso
lven
tco
nce
ntr
a-
tions
of
the
river
Sei
ne
(Fra
nce
).W
ate
r,A
ir,
and
Soil
Polluti
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3587944
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
swsa
mple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Hig
h1
Met
ric
5:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aTe
mpo
rality
Low
3>
15
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
3sa
mpling
sess
ions;
14
stati
ons
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
swsa
mple
scollecte
d,
but
not
inth
eU
S.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Data
seem
sto
be
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
Ais
implied.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
on
uncert
ain
ty;
no
vari
abilit
y.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
32
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Hel
z,G
.R
.,H
su,
R.
Y..
1978.
Vola
tile
chlo
ro-
and
bro
moca
rbons
inco
ast
al
wate
rs.
Lim
nolo
gy
and
Oce
anogra
phy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4140523
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
To
obta
indata
on
the
char-
acte
rof
vola
tile
halo
carb
ons
inw
ast
edis
charg
es,
we
collecte
da
seri
es
of
sam
ple
sfr
om
Back
Riv
er,
Mary
land
(Fig
.1B
).T
his
isa
shallow
,12
km
long
trib
uta
ryest
uary
toth
eC
hesa
peake
Bay,
wit
ha
salinit
yra
nge
of
ab
out
04
g*
kg-l
.It
sm
ean
depth
isab
out
1m
and
itis
well
mix
ed
vert
ically.
Near
its
upp
er
end,
Back
Riv
er
receiv
es
1.5
-1.9
xlo
8lite
r.d-r
of
wast
ew
a-
ter
from
Balt
imore
”s
main
sew
age
treatm
ent
pla
nt;
the
wast
edis
charg
es
oft
en
exceed
the
fresh
wate
rflow
from
the
wate
r-sh
ed
by
afa
cto
rof
two
(Helz
et
al.
1975).
The
pla
nt
pro
vid
es
100
perc
ent
secondary
treatm
ent,
most
lyby
the
tric
kling
fil-
ter
pro
cess
,to
wast
es
of
both
dom
est
icand
com
merc
ial
ori
gin
.T
he
effl
uent
isch
lori
nate
db
efo
redis
charg
e.
The
firs
tse
ries
of
sam
ple
sfr
om
Back
Riv
er
(No.
8-1
2)
was
collecte
din
earl
yFebru
ary
1977,
aft
er
nort
hern
Chesa
peake
Bay
had
been
cov-
ere
dw
ith
ice
for
more
than
am
onth
.T
he
only
uncovere
dare
aw
as
a0.2
-km
-dia
mete
rpatc
hof
wate
rim
media
tely
ab
ove
the
underw
ate
rdiff
use
rsat
the
dis
charg
ep
oin
tin
mid
river.
The
second
set
of
sam
ple
s(N
o.
13-2
3)
was
collecte
din
earl
yM
ay
1977,
well
aft
er
the
spri
ng
thaw
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
GC
equip
ped
wit
ha
Hall
ele
ctr
oly
tic
conducti
vit
ydete
cto
r(T
RA
CO
R).
Inearl
yst
ages
of
the
work
,so
me
identi
ficati
ons
were
check
ed
by
mass
spec-
trom
etr
y,
but
the
hig
hse
lecti
vit
yof
the
meth
od
for
only
vola
tile
chlo
ro-
and
bro
mocarb
ons
min
imiz
es
the
danger
of
mis
identi
ficati
on
when
only
GC
rete
nti
on
tim
eis
use
d.
Lim
itof
dete
cti
on
not
specifi
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
not
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
ary
land
(Back
Riv
er
est
uary
)
Met
ric
5:
Tempo
rality
Low
3>
15
years
(Febru
ary
and
May
1977)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
The
firs
tse
ries
of
sam
ple
sfr
om
Back
Riv
er
(No.
8-1
2;
5sa
mple
s)w
as
collecte
din
earl
yFebru
ary
1977,
aft
er
nort
hern
Chesa
peake
Bay
had
been
covere
dw
ith
ice
for
more
than
am
onth
.T
he
second
set
of
sam
ple
s(N
o.
13-2
3;
11
sam
ple
s)w
as
collecte
din
earl
yM
ay
1977,
well
aft
er
the
spri
ng
thaw
(op
en
wate
r).
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
33
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Hel
z,G
.R
.,H
su,
R.
Y..
1978.
Vola
tile
chlo
ro-
and
bro
moca
rbons
inco
ast
al
wate
rs.
Lim
nolo
gy
and
Oce
anogra
phy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4140523
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Back
Riv
er:
This
isa
shallow
,12
km
long
trib
uta
ryest
uary
toth
eC
hesa
peake
Bay,
wit
ha
salinit
yra
nge
of
ab
out
04
g*
kg-l
.It
sm
ean
depth
isab
out1
mand
itis
well
mix
ed
vert
i-cally.
Near
its
upp
er
end,
Back
Riv
er
receiv
es
1.5
-1.9
xlo
8lite
r.d-r
of
wast
ew
ate
rfr
om
Balt
imore
”s
main
sew
age
treat-
ment
pla
nt;
the
wast
edis
charg
es
oft
en
exceed
the
fresh
wate
rflow
from
the
wate
rshed
by
afa
cto
rof
two
(Helz
et
al.
1975).
The
pla
nt
pro
vid
es
100
perc
ent
secondary
treatm
ent,
most
lyby
the
tric
kling
filt
er
pro
cess
,to
wast
es
of
both
dom
est
icand
com
merc
ialori
gin
.T
he
effl
uent
isch
lori
nate
db
efo
redis
charg
e.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
.T
able
3list
sD
CM
,T
CE
,and
PE
RC
concentr
ati
ons
inN
Mfo
rB
ack
Riv
er
sam
ple
scollecte
din
Febru
ary
1977
(ice
cover)
and
May
1977
(op
en
wate
r).
Som
evalu
es
are
ND
,but
LO
Dis
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cpro
cedure
snot
dir
ectl
ydis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Som
edis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
ydue
tosa
mpling
tim
es,
Febru
ary
(ice
cover)
and
May
(op
en
wate
r),
and
concentr
ati
on
decre
ase
seaw
ard
due
toti
dal
mix
ing
of
the
effl
uent.
Som
euncert
ain
tyre
gard
ing
the
facto
rscausi
ng
vola
tizati
on
and
its
influence
on
May
sam
ple
s.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
34
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Turo
ski,
V.
E.,W
olt
man,
D.
L.,V
ince
nt,
B.
E..
1983.
Det
erm
inati
on
of
org
anic
pri
ori
typ
olluta
nts
inth
epap
erin
dust
ryby
GC
/M
S.
Tappi
Journ
al.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4152056
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
The
pro
gra
m,
involv
ing
5diff
ere
nt
facilit
ies
thro
ughout
the
Unit
ed
Sta
tes
and
Canada,
exam
ined
both
influent
and
effl
uent
stre
am
s.B
oth
24-h
rcom
-p
osi
teand
40-m
lgra
bsa
mple
sw
ere
obta
ined
ingla
ssconta
iners
at
the
mil
lsi
tes,
pack
ed
inic
e,
and
ship
ped
by
air
toour
Re-
searc
hC
ente
rin
Wis
consi
n.
Aft
er
unpack
ing,
each
conta
iner
was
refr
igera
ted
at
4”C
unti
lanaly
sis.
Pre
serv
ati
ves
were
not
added
toth
esa
mple
at
any
tim
e.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
Tw
odiff
ere
nt
I-l
iter
aliquots
of
the
24-h
rcom
posi
tesa
mple
sw
ere
extr
acte
dw
ith
meth
yle
ne
chlo
ride.
One
aliquot
was
use
dto
monit
or
for
base
/neutr
al
com
pounds
and
the
oth
er
tom
onit
or
for
acid
/P
CB
/p
est
icid
ecom
pounds.
The
aliquots
were
adju
sted
eit
her
topH
12
wit
h5
perc
ent
NaO
Hfo
rbase
/neutr
alextr
acti
ons
or
topH
3w
ith
5p
erc
ent
HC
lfo
racid
/P
CB
/p
est
icid
eextr
acti
ons.
They
were
quanti
tati
vely
transf
err
ed
toa
2-l
iter
separa
tory
funnel
and
extr
acte
dth
ree
tim
es
(250,
100,
100
ml)
wit
hm
eth
yle
ne
chlo
ride.
The
com
bin
ed
extr
acts
were
concentr
ate
dto
1m
lin
Kudern
a-D
anis
hevap
ora
tors
pri
or
toanaly
sis.
Lim
itof
dete
c-
tion
for
most
chem
icals
was
10
ppb.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1U
nit
ed
Sta
tes
and
Canada,
but
exact
locati
ons
are
not
pro
-vid
ed.
Met
ric
5:
Tempo
rality
Low
3>
15
years
(1982
pub
date
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
Both
24-h
rcom
posi
teand
40-m
lgra
bsa
mple
sw
ere
obta
ined
ingla
ssconta
iners
at
the
millsi
tes.
The
pro
gra
m,
involv
ing
5dif
-fe
rent
facilit
ies
thro
ughout
the
Unit
ed
Sta
tes
and
Canada,
ex-
am
ined
both
influent
and
effl
uent
stre
am
s.T
he
facilit
ies
stud-
ied
inclu
ded
pap
er
mills
,lignin
chem
ical
pla
nts
,and
dri
nkin
gfa
cilit
ies.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
The
pro
gra
m,
involv
ing
5diff
ere
nt
facilit
ies
thro
ughout
the
Unit
ed
Sta
tes
and
Canada,
exam
ined
both
influent
and
effl
u-
ent
stre
am
s.T
he
facilit
ies
studie
din
clu
ded
pap
er
mills
,lignin
chem
ical
pla
nts
,and
dri
nkin
gfa
cilit
ies.
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
35
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Turo
ski,
V.
E.,W
olt
man,
D.
L.,V
ince
nt,
B.
E..
1983.
Det
erm
inati
on
of
org
anic
pri
ori
typ
olluta
nts
inth
epap
erin
dust
ryby
GC
/M
S.
Tappi
Journ
al.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4152056
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
.C
om
pounds
identi
fied
inin
fluent
and
effl
uent
of
each
mill
islist
ed
inT
able
I.in
ppb.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2T
he
effi
cie
ncy
of
each
extr
acti
on
was
monit
ore
dby
addin
ga
recovery
indic
ato
rcom
pound
at
100
ppb
toeach
I-lite
raliquot.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Meth
yle
ne
chlo
ride
was
found
inb
oth
influent
and
effl
uent
purg
eable
vola
tile
org
anic
sam
ple
sat
low
ppb
levels
.T
hey
are
not
sole
lyass
ignable
toth
epulp
ing
and
pap
erm
akin
gpro
-cess
since
the
sam
ele
vels
were
pre
sent
inth
ein
fluent
as
well
as
the
effl
uent.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
36
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sack
,T
.M
.,Ste
ele,
D.
H.,H
am
mer
stro
m,
K.,R
emm
ers,
J..
1992.
Asu
rvey
of
house
hold
pro
duct
sfo
rvola
tile
org
anic
com
-p
ounds.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID28339
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3dete
cti
on
lim
its,
recovery
sam
ple
sare
not
dis
cri
bed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
exp
osu
recontr
ol
isnot
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
num
ber
of
pro
ducts
per
cate
gory
vari
ed.
Replicate
ste
sts
for
som
epro
ducts
,but
not
all.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
.O
nly
avera
ge
isre
port
ed.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
uncert
ain
ties,
lim
itati
ons
are
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.3
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
37
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ste
inem
ann,
A..
2015.
Vola
tile
emis
sions
from
com
mon
consu
mer
pro
duct
s.A
irQ
uality
,A
tmosp
her
eand
Hea
lth.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID3023273
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Pro
ducts
were
sele
cte
dth
at
are
com
monly
use
din
the
USA
.A
naly
zed
headsp
ace
usi
ng
standard
EP
Am
eth
od.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
zed
usi
ng
headsp
ace
GC
/M
S,
follow
ing
US
EP
AC
om
-p
endiu
mM
eth
od
TO
-15.
Did
not
pro
vid
edeta
ils,
such
as
cal-
ibra
tion,
lab
recoveri
es,
bla
nks,
etc
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Pro
ducts
are
genera
lly
repre
senta
tive.
Mult
iple
condit
ions
not
applicable
toheadsp
ace.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
37
pro
ducts
,re
pre
senti
ng
four
typ
es
and
four
cate
gori
es.
No
replicate
analy
sis
of
each
pro
duct.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.C
oncentr
ati
ons
ineach
pro
duct
inth
esu
pple
-m
enta
rym
ate
rial.
No
sum
mary
of
concentr
ati
ons
acro
sspro
d-
uct
typ
es.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Follow
ed
standard
analy
tical
meth
od,
soass
um
ed
QA
con-
ducte
d,
but
no
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Dis
cuss
ed
diff
ere
nces
betw
een
pro
ducts
.Sm
all
lim
itati
on
sec-
tion.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
38
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chen
g,
W.,L
ai,
C.
H.,T
zeng,
W.,H
er,
C.,H
su,
Y..
2015.
Gase
ous
Pro
duct
sof
Ince
nse
Coil
Com
bust
ion
Extr
act
edby
Pass
ive
Solid
Phase
Mic
roex
tract
ion
Sam
ple
rs.
Atm
osp
her
e.D
ata
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID3032678
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oL
ow3
Done
wit
hin
ate
stin
gch
am
ber.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
Sam
pling
size
isuncle
ar;
could
be
4and
5se
para
tese
ts
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Sum
mary
stati
stic
spro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Pre
cis
ion
measu
rem
ents
.N
osp
ecifi
cdis
cuss
ion
of
quality
as-
sura
nce/contr
ol
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
specifi
cdis
cuss
ions
of
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.4
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
39
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Urs
in,
C.,H
anse
n,
C.
M.,V
an
Dyk,
J.
W.,Jen
sen,
P.
O.,C
hri
sten
sen,
I.J.,E
bb
ehoej
,J..
1995.
Per
mea
bilit
yof
com
mer
cial
solv
ents
thro
ugh
livin
ghum
an
skin
.A
mer
ican
Indust
rial
Hygie
ne
Ass
oci
ati
on
Journ
al.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID3540771
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
No
standard
meth
od
menti
oned,
but
sam
pling
well
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3G
Cm
eth
od;
no
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
perm
eabilit
yof
the
solv
ent,
not
aconsu
mer
pro
duct.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
app
ears
tob
e<
5sa
mple
s
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Hig
h1
1995
study,
but
tem
pora
lity
isnot
key
toa
lab
study.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
The
study
has
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
of
key
uncert
ain
ties
and
lim
-it
ati
ons.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
40
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chen
g,
W.
enH
si,T
sai,
D.
Y.,L
u,
J.
iaY
u,L
ee,
J.
enW
ei.
2016.
Extr
act
ing
Em
issi
ons
from
Air
Fre
shen
ers
Usi
ng
Solid
Phase
Mic
roex
tract
ion
Dev
ices
.A
eroso
land
Air
Quality
Res
earc
h.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID3587655
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Med
ium
2new
sam
pling
meth
od;
qualificati
on
test
sconducte
don
the
sam
ple
rsuse
d.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2M
issi
ng
som
edeta
ils,
meth
od
SO
Pnot
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oL
ow3
One
test
condit
ion.
No
deta
iled
desc
ripti
on
of
pro
duct.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
No
replicate
.Sin
gle
sam
ple
sof
thre
epro
ducts
.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Hig
h1
curr
ent
(2016;
publicati
on
date
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.N
osu
mm
ary
acro
ssfr
esh
eners
,alt
hough
not
as
applicable
.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3M
inim
al
QC
.R
SD
(flow
rate
s)in
supp
file
s.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
som
edis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
yb
etw
een
em
issi
ons.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.3
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
41
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
C.
B.
Kei
l,M
.N
icas.
2003.
Pre
dic
ting
room
vap
or
conce
ntr
ati
ons
due
tosp
ills
of
org
anic
solv
ents
.A
IHA
Journ
al.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID4532343
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Sam
pling
meth
od
well
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2ch
em
ical
not
analy
zed.
evap
ora
tion
dete
rmin
ed
by
mass
,as
logged
by
acom
pute
r.N
ocalibra
tion
was
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oL
ow3
Spill
of
chem
ical,
not
of
form
ula
ted
pro
duct.
One
set
of
con-
dit
ions
how
ever
the
art
icle
state
sth
at
oth
er
studie
ssh
ow
that
evap
rate
sdon’t
vary
much
wit
hdiff
ere
nt
condit
ions.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
range
and
avg
pro
vid
ed,
but
could
not
find
the
num
ber
of
sam
-ple
s.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Low
32003,>
15
yrs
old
,but
test
ed
usi
ng
ach
em
ical
sonot
as
rele
-vant.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
no
raw
data
and
no
num
ber
of
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Did
not
dis
cuss
QC
measu
res.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Conducte
da
study
ina
test
house
wit
hone
chem
ical
(not
DC
M)
tocom
pare
lab
resu
lts.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.6
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
42
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Won,
D.
Yang
W..
2012.
Mate
rial
emis
sion
info
rmati
on
from
:105
buildin
gm
ate
rials
and
consu
mer
pro
duct
s.D
ata
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID4663242
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2analy
tical
meth
od
isw
ell
desc
rib
ed.
but
no
recovery
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oL
ow3
Consu
mer
use
s(su
bcate
gory
inta
ble
2)
don’t
matc
hfo
ruse
of
inte
rest
of
EP
Avery
much
.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
only
one
sam
ple
collecte
dp
er
test
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Med
ium
22010
and
2011(>
5yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
calibra
tion,
com
pari
son
topast
data
are
desc
rib
ed.
but
recov-
eri
es
isnot
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.9
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
43
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
A.
T.
Hodgso
n.
2001.
Pre
dic
ted
conce
ntr
ati
ons
innew
relo
cata
ble
class
room
sof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
emit
ted
from
standard
and
alt
ernate
inte
rior
finis
hm
ate
rials
.D
ata
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID4683360
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
no
bio
mark
ers
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
kin
dof
pro
ducts
,te
stsu
bst
ance,
test
ing
meth
ods
are
de-
scri
bed.
But
exp
osu
recontr
ol
isnot
dis
cuss
ed,
and
tem
per-
atu
re/pre
ssure
are
ass
um
ed
valu
efo
rest
imati
on
of
concentr
a-
tion.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
2-
4pro
ducts
sam
ple
sp
er
pro
duct
typ
e.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Each
resu
lts
are
sum
mari
zed
ineach
table
s.T
he
valu
ein
each
table
sare
not
raw
data
though,
raw
valu
es
of
concentr
ati
on
are
poss
ibly
calc
ula
ted
by
equati
on(1
).Sta
tist
ical
dis
cuss
ion
ism
isse
d.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
QC
dis
cuss
ion
isquit
elim
ited.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Vari
abilit
y/U
ncert
ain
tydis
cuss
ion
isquit
elim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
44
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
A.
C.
Ort
iz.
2010.
Iden
tify
ing
sourc
esof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
and
ald
ehydes
ina
hig
hp
erfo
rmance
buildin
g.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID4683366
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
test
ing
genera
lly
follow
ed
Califo
rnia
Sp
ecifi
cati
on
01350
[15]
and
AST
MSta
ndard
Guid
eD
-6007-0
2[1
6]
usi
ng
small
em
is-
sion
cham
bers
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2U
SE
PA
Meth
od
TO
-17.
standard
meth
od
and
LO
Qpro
vid
ed,
but
not
deta
ils
on
recovery
or
calibra
tion.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
no
bio
mark
er
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
only
one
test
ing
condit
ion.
did
not
vary
tem
p,
air
flow
,etc
.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
one
test
per
pro
duct.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Med
ium
28
years
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3quality
ass
ura
nce
implied
but
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
lim
itati
ons
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.3
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
45
Sum
mar
y st
atist
ics a
re re
port
ed b
ut a
re m
issin
g m
easu
res o
f var
iatio
n an
d ce
ntra
l ten
denc
y.
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sta
ple
s,C
.A
.,W
erner
,A
.F
.,H
ooghee
m,
T.
J..
1985.
Ass
essm
ent
of
pri
ori
typ
olluta
nt
conce
ntr
ati
ons
inth
eU
nit
edSta
tes
usi
ng
ST
OR
ET
data
base
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lT
oxic
olo
gy
and
Chem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
1359400
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
ST
OR
ET
re
fers
overa
ll
to
”ST
OR
age
and
R
ET
rieval”
, an
ele
ctr
onic
data
sy
stem
fo
r w
ate
r quality
m
onit
ori
ng
data
develo
ped
by
EP
A
ST
OR
ET
re
fers
overa
ll
to
”ST
OR
age
and
R
ET
rieval”
, an
ele
ctr
onic
data
sy
stem
fo
r w
ate
r quality
m
onit
ori
ng
data
develo
ped
by
EP
A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lL
ow3
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1>
15
yrs
ST
OR
ET
re
fers
overa
ll
to
”ST
OR
age
and
R
ET
rieval”
, an
ele
ctr
onic
data
sy
stem
fo
r w
ate
r quality
m
onit
ori
ng
data
develo
ped
by
EP
A
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
only
media
nand
num
ber
of
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
46
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2017.
ST
OR
ET
:M
ethyle
ne
chlo
ride.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3970047
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
ST
OR
ET
does
not
separa
teT
SC
Ause
s,Sup
erf
und
site
s,gro
undw
ate
rin
trusi
on
or
legacy
conta
min
ati
on
whic
his
im-
port
ant
when
ass
ess
ing
TSC
Ause
sfo
rw
ork
pla
nch
em
icals
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Diff
ere
nt
Lim
its
of
Quanti
ficati
on
and
diff
ere
nt
rep
ort
ing
char-
acte
rist
ics
betw
een
state
sand
federa
lagencie
s
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
47
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Oppt
Monit
ori
ng
Data
base
.2017.
Met
hyle
ne
Chlo
ride.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3970233
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2M
eth
ods
are
consi
dere
dre
aso
nable
and
consi
stent
wit
hso
und
scie
nti
fic
theory
by
this
trust
ed
sourc
e.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2M
eth
ods
are
consi
dere
dre
aso
nable
and
consi
stent
wit
hso
und
scie
nti
fic
theory
by
this
trust
ed
sourc
e.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lM
ediu
m2
Sam
ple
year
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
The
data
lack
key
pie
ces
of
info
rmati
on
(scenari
o/p
opula
tion).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsM
ediu
m2
Data
base
pro
vid
es
refe
rences
access
ible
online.
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Sum
mary
stati
stic
sare
mis
sing
one
or
more
para
mete
rs;
no
raw
data
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Vari
abilit
yin
form
ati
on
isnot
consi
stentl
yre
port
ed
inth
edata
base
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
48
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
House
hold
Pro
duct
s,D
ata
base
.2017.
House
hold
pro
duct
sdata
base
:C
hem
ical
info
rmati
on:
Met
hyle
ne
chlo
ride.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3970265
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3W
ebpage
pro
vid
es
very
lim
ited
info
rmati
on
on
how
they
found
pro
ducts
.In
fopro
vid
ed
from
avari
ety
of
publicly
available
sourc
es.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
The
data
base
isa
list
of”pro
ducts
that
conta
inth
isin
gre
die
nt”
and
no
analy
tical
meth
odolo
gy
isapplicable
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1U
SA
Met
ric
4:
Tem
pora
lL
ow3
Range
of
date
s,w
ith
one<
10
years
old
.
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1W
eig
ht
fracti
ons
of
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsL
ow3
No
info
on
how
data
was
com
piled
or
level
of
QC
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sH
igh
1D
ata
isorg
aniz
ed.
No
sum
mary
pro
vid
ed,
sosu
mm
ary
stats
n/a.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Not
dis
cuss
ed,
but
natu
reof
data
base
and
dis
cuss
ion
isnot
applicable
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
49
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Oec
dE
xis
itin
gC
hem
ical
Data
base
.2011.
SID
Sin
itia
lass
essm
ent
pro
file
:D
ichlo
rom
ethane.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3970848
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
No
sam
ple
sw
ere
analy
zed.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lU
nacc
epta
ble
4Sam
pling
of
inhala
tion
concentr
ati
on
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsL
ow3
No
info
on
how
data
was
com
pil
ed
or
level
of
QC
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Range
of
mean
concentr
ati
on
pro
vid
ed
only
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.2
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
h o
ur Application
of System
atic Review
in
TSCARisk Eva
luations
docu
men
t, if
a m
etri
c fo
r a
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
a s
core
of U
nacc
epta
ble
(sc
ore
= 4
), E
PA
will
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
to
be
un
acc
epta
ble
. In
th
is c
ase
, on
e of
the
met
rics
wer
e ra
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
. A
s su
ch,
the
stu
dy
is
con
sid
ered
un
acc
epta
ble
an
d t
he
score
is
pre
sente
d s
ole
ly t
o in
crea
se t
ran
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h =
1; M
ediu
m =
2; L
ow
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd m
ay n
ot re
quire
add
ition
al co
mm
ents
.*
Ifany
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
50
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Consu
mer
Pro
duct
Info
rmati
on,
Data
base
.2017.
What’
sin
it?
met
hyle
ne
chlo
ride.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3981160
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3Sam
pling
info
rmati
on
not
rep
ort
ed
indata
sourc
e
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1U
Sand
Canada
Met
ric
4:
Tem
pora
lM
ediu
m2
Vari
ous
date
s,so
me
recent,
som
eold
,ra
nge
of
date
s
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1M
SD
Sfo
reach
pro
duct
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsL
ow3
Lack
sin
form
ati
on
toch
ara
cte
rize
exp
osu
resc
enari
o
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sH
igh
1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
51
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Bart
zis,
J..
2018.
Pri
ori
tiza
tion
of
buildin
gm
ate
rials
as
indoor
polluti
on
sourc
es(B
UM
A).
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
4663145
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
Sam
pling
meth
od
not
dis
cuss
ed
-se
condary
sourc
eof
info
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
Analy
tical
meth
od
not
dis
cuss
ed
-se
condary
sourc
eof
info
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lM
ediu
m2
Data
of
vari
ous
ages.
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Not
an
exact
matc
hexcept
for
NM
P
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sH
igh
1R
efe
rences
list
ed.
Em
issi
on
rate
sw
ere
from
fits
toconcentr
a-
tion
data
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
52
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..1985.
Hea
lth
ass
essm
ent
docu
men
tfo
rdic
hlo
rom
ethane
(met
hyle
ne
chlo
ride)
:F
inal
rep
ort
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID17595
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
and
analy
tical
meth
od
are
desc
rib
ed.
concentr
ati
on
of
som
eri
vers
are
show
n.
Ris
kch
ara
cte
rizati
on
isnot
de-
scri
bed.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
media
inte
rest
and
US
study.
but
it’s
old
(>15yrs
old
).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
53
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Page,
G.W
..1981.
Com
pari
son
of
gro
undw
ate
rand
surf
ace
wate
rfo
rpatt
erns
and
level
sof
conta
min
ati
on
by
toxic
subst
ance
s.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID18169
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2m
easu
rem
ents
,appro
ach
es
are
desc
rib
ed
bri
efly.
But
not
indeta
il.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
rst
udy.
geogra
phy
of
are
ais
desc
rib
ed.
but
it’s
quit
eold
study.(
data
collecte
din
1979)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
54
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Shah,
J.
J.,Sin
gh,
H.
B..
1988.
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
vola
tile
org
anic
chem
icals
inoutd
oor
and
indoor
air
:a
nati
onal
VO
Cs
data
base
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID95570
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2data
sourc
eand
collecti
on
meth
od
isbri
efly
desc
rib
ed.
but
deta
ils
are
not
serv
ed(j
ust
quote
from
refe
rences)
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Indoor
and
outd
oor
air
study.
but
it’s
quit
eold
(1988)
and
indoor/
outd
oor
isnot
identi
fied
because
gra
phs
and
table
are
not
vis
ible
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3R
efe
rences
pro
vid
ed,
but
not
sure
ifth
ey
are
for
the
data
pre
-se
nte
dor
not.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.8
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
55
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Des
tailla
ts,
H.,M
addale
na,
R.
L.,Sin
ger
,B
.C
.,H
odgso
n,
A.
T.,M
cKone,
T.
E..
2008.
Indoor
polluta
nts
emit
ted
by
offi
ceeq
uip
men
t:A
revie
wof
rep
ort
eddata
and
info
rmati
on
nee
ds.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID694628
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4ju
stL
itera
ture
revie
w.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
The
rele
ase
of
PE
RC
from
offi
ce
equip
ments
isdesc
rib
ed.
US
study.
HB
CD
isnot
menti
oned
indocum
ent.
publish
ed
In2008.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
no
dis
cuss
ion
-all
secondary
data
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.3
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
h o
ur Application
of System
atic Review
in
TSCARisk Eva
luations
docu
men
t, i
f a
met
ric
for
a d
ata
sou
rce
rece
ives
a s
core
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re =
4),
EP
A w
ill d
eter
min
e th
e st
ud
y t
o b
e u
nacc
epta
ble
. In
th
is c
ase
, on
e of
the
met
rics
wer
e ra
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
. A
s su
ch, t
he
stu
dy
is c
on
sid
ered
un
acc
epta
ble
an
d t
he
score
is p
rese
nte
d s
ole
ly t
o in
crea
se t
ran
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h =
1; M
ediu
m =
2; L
ow
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd m
ay n
ot re
quire
ad
ditio
nal c
omm
ents
.*
Ifany
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
56
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
C.
J.
Wes
chle
r.2009.
Changes
inin
door
polluta
nts
since
the
1950s.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID695495
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3L
ittl
edis
cuss
ion
on
meth
odolo
gy.T
able
1pro
vid
es
ase
nse
of
how
and
why
an
indoor
envir
onm
ent
in2008
isso
diff
ere
nt
from
its
counte
rpart
inth
eearl
y1950s.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Art
icle
dis
cuss
es
trends
inin
door
polluta
nts
.T
able
2re
port
sse
lecte
dp
olluta
nts
(inclu
des
DC
M,
Carb
on
Tet,
TC
E,
and
PE
RC
)and
trends
inth
eir
indoor
concentr
ati
ons
since
the
1950s.
There
are
no
concentr
ati
on
measu
rem
ent;
trends
are
bro
adly
sum
mari
zed
by
up
and
dow
narr
ow
s.F
igure
4(a
)re
-p
ort
sm
edia
nin
door
concentr
ati
ons
of
Carb
on
Tet,
PE
RC
,and
TC
E,
but
these
data
are
deri
ved
from
1981-1
984
TE
AM
Stu
dy
and
the
1999-2
001
RIO
PA
study
(secondary
studie
sw
illnot
be
extr
acte
d)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Med
ium
2R
efe
rences
are
list
ed
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
The
study
has
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
of
key
uncert
ain
ties
and
lim
-it
ati
ons.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
57
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Daw
son,
H.
E.,M
cAla
ry,
T..
2009.
Aco
mpilati
on
of
stati
stic
sfo
rV
OC
sfr
om
post
-1990
indoor
air
conce
ntr
ati
on
studie
sin
Nort
hA
mer
ican
resi
den
ces
unaff
ecte
dby
subsu
rface
vap
or
intr
usi
on.
Gro
und
Wate
rM
onit
ori
ng
and
Rem
edia
tion.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID735303
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Deta
iled
desc
ripti
on
oflite
ratu
reevalu
ate
dand
stati
stic
alanal-
ysi
s.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Most
studie
sare
>15
yrs
old
,and
not
dir
ectl
yti
ed
toconsu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1ro
bust
dis
cuss
ion,
dis
cuss
ed
vari
abilit
y
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
58
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2011.
Tox
icolo
gic
al
revie
wof
dic
hlo
rom
ethane
(met
hyle
ne
chlo
ride)
(CA
SR
N75-0
9-2
):In
supp
ort
of
sum
mary
info
rmati
on
on
the
Inte
gra
ted
Ris
kIn
form
ati
on
Syst
em(I
RIS
).D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID808655
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2ass
ess
ment
meth
odolo
gy
or
model
of
toxic
ity
isw
ell
desc
rib
ed.
but
no
desc
ripti
on
of
exp
osu
re.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oN
/A
N/A
Tox
focus,
not
exp
osu
re.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
59
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
J.
M.
Logue,
T.
E.
McK
one,
M.
H.
Sher
man,
B.
C.
Sin
ger
.2011.
Haza
rdass
essm
ent
of
chem
ical
air
conta
min
ants
mea
sure
din
resi
den
ces.
Indoor
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID864159
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Desc
rib
ed
lit
searc
hm
eth
od.
Com
pare
dconcentr
ati
ons
tohaz-
ard
levels
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
not
consu
mer
specifi
c.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1P
rovid
ed
mid
range
and
upp
er
range
stats
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
60
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Hea
lth,
Canada.
1993.
Canadia
nE
nvir
onm
enta
lP
rote
ctio
nA
ctpri
ori
tysu
bst
ance
slist
ass
essm
ent
rep
ort
:D
ichlo
rom
ethane.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID2531129
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
ovt
rep
ort
.N
odis
cuss
ion
of
lit
searc
hm
eth
ods.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Old
er
data
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Key
uncert
ain
ties,
lim
itati
ons,
and
data
gaps
are
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
61
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Long,
G.,M
eek,
M.
E.,C
ald
wel
l,I.
,Bart
lett
,S.,Sav
ard
,S..
1994.
Dic
hlo
rom
ethane
-ev
alu
ati
on
of
risk
sto
hea
lth
from
en-
vir
onm
enta
lex
posu
rein
Canada.
Journ
al
of
envir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Hea
lth,
Part
C:
Envir
onm
enta
lC
arc
inogen
esis
&E
coto
xic
olo
gy
Rev
iew
s.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3586663
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
ata
revie
wed
by
exp
ert
sand
appro
ved
by
acom
mit
tee.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Canadia
nst
udy
wit
hso
urc
es>
15
years
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
757
hom
es;
ast
ate
ment
on
lim
itati
ons
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
62
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
De
Rooij
,C
.,T
hom
pso
n,R
.S.,G
arn
y,V
.,L
eclo
ux,A
.,va
nW
ijk,D
..2004.
Dic
hlo
rom
ethane
mari
ne
risk
ass
essm
ent
wit
hsp
ecia
lre
fere
nce
toth
eO
SP
AR
CO
Mre
gio
n:
Nort
hSea
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lM
onit
ori
ng
and
Ass
essm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3587217
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2desc
ripti
on
of
ass
ess
ment
meth
od
isto
osi
mple
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Media
of
inte
rest
.but
Euro
pean
study
and
old
.(>
5yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Only
mean
valu
es
pre
sente
d.
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
63
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Use
pa,
O.O
.W
..2009.
Conta
min
ant
occ
urr
ence
supp
ort
docu
men
tfo
rca
tegory
1co
nta
min
ants
for
the
seco
nd
six-y
ear
revie
wof
nati
onal
pri
mary
dri
nkin
gw
ate
rre
gula
tions.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3827379
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
dri
nkin
gw
ate
rif
focus
of
rep
ort
,but
som
esu
rface
wate
rdata
isavailable
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
64
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2011.
Back
gro
und
indoor
air
conce
ntr
ati
ons
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inN
ort
hA
mer
ican
resi
den
ces
(1990-2
005):
Aco
mpilati
on
of
stati
stic
sfo
rass
essm
ent
vap
or
intr
usi
on.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3827392
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2T
he
ass
ess
ment
meth
ods
,ass
um
pti
ons
are
dis
cri
bed
sim
ply
for
each
studie
sw
hic
hare
collecte
dby
EP
A.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
>10
yrs
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Med
ium
2R
efe
rences
are
peer
revie
wed
sourc
es
and
com
piled
data
are
sum
mari
zed.
But
no
raw
data
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
65
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Iarc
,.2016.
Dic
hlo
rom
ethane.
IAR
CM
onogra
phs
on
the
Eva
luati
on
of
Carc
inogen
icR
isks
toH
um
ans.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3827786
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2use
,sc
enari
os,
toxic
iry
are
well
desc
rib
ed.
But
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
lit
searc
hm
eth
ods
for
concentr
ati
on
data
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
media
,sc
enari
oin
tere
st.
but
not
US
and
old
study
(>15
years
old
).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
range
of
valu
es
issh
ow
n.
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
66
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Iarc
,.2016.
AR
CM
onogra
phs
on
the
evalu
ati
on
of
carc
inogen
icri
sks
tohum
ans:
Dic
hlo
rom
ethane.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970852
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3N
odis
cuss
ion
on
meth
odolo
gy.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Chin
aand
Canada
studie
s>
10
years
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
757
hom
es;
no
dis
cuss
ion
on
data
gaps
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
67
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Euro
pea
nC
hlo
rinate
dSolv
ents
,A
ssoci
ati
on.
1999.
Euro
chlo
rri
skass
essm
ent
for
the
mari
ne
envir
onm
ent,
OSP
AR
CO
Mre
gio
n-
Norh
tse
a:
Dic
hlo
rom
ethane.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3982130
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
scenari
oand
chem
ical
inte
rest
.but
not
US
(EU
)and
quit
eold
rep
ort
(1999).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
68
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Oeh
ha,.
2000.
Public
hea
lth
goals
for
chem
icals
indri
nkin
gw
ate
rdic
hlo
rom
ethane
(met
hyle
ne
chlo
ride,
DC
M).
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3982295
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2exp
osu
re/hazard
ass
ess
ment
isdesc
rib
ed.
No
desc
ripti
on
of
lit
searc
hm
eth
od.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
US
study
and
media
inte
rest
.but
quit
eold
study
(>15
yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
vari
abilit
yand
uncert
ain
tyof
surf
ace
wate
rare
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
69
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Nih
,.2016.
Rep
ort
on
carc
inogen
s:D
ichlo
rom
ethane.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3982330
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2ju
stdata
issh
ow
n.
Lit
searc
hm
eth
od
not
desc
rib
ed.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty,
only
few
data
sourc
es
sum
ma-
rized.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
70
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ats
dr,
.2000.
Tox
icolo
gic
al
pro
file
for
met
hyle
ne
chlo
ride.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3982337
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
US
study,
and
media
inte
rest
.but
old
study
(>15
yrs
old
).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
71
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Her
ber
t,P
.,C
harb
onnie
r,P
.,R
ivolt
a,
L.,Ser
vais
,M
.,V
an
Men
sch,
F.,C
am
pb
ell,
I..
1986.
The
occ
urr
ence
of
chlo
rinate
dso
lven
tsin
the
envir
onm
ent.
Pre
pare
dby
aw
ork
shop
ofth
eE
uro
pea
nC
hem
icalIn
dust
ryF
eder
ati
on
(CE
FIC
).C
hem
istr
yand
Indust
ry.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID4152304
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3T
here
isno
actu
al
desc
ripti
on
of
ass
ess
ment.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
The
data
of
surf
ace
wate
ris
show
n.
but
not
US
(Euro
pe),
and
quit
eold
(>15
yrs
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
severa
lsc
enari
os
are
show
n.
no
dis
cuss
ion
for
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
72
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Del
maar,
J. E
.. 2
010.
Em
issi
on
of
chem
ical s
ubst
ance
s fr
om
solid
matr
ices
: a
met
hod
for
consu
mer
exposu
re
ass
essm
ent.
Data
Type
Com
ple
ted
Exposu
re A
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID
4663189
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3T
he
rep
ort
dis
cuss
es
the
lite
ratu
rere
vie
w,
ass
um
pti
ons,
and
lim
itati
ons
of
the
model.
The
dis
cuss
ion
on
data
and
extr
ap
o-
lati
ons
from
the
model
are
lim
ited
due
todata
availabilit
yand
lack
of
test
ed
data
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
The
study
models
vola
tile
subst
ances
usi
ng
sum
mari
zed
data
and
does
not
specifi
cally
model
1-B
P.
Sam
ple
and
surr
ogate
data
use
dm
ay
be
sim
ilar,
but
the
em
phasi
son
buildin
gm
ate
-ri
als
isnot
inalignm
ent
wit
h1B
Puse
s.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3N
um
ero
us
studie
sare
refe
renced,
but
their
use
isnot
alw
ays
cle
ar
or
dir
ectl
yre
late
dto
the
text
and/or
data
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Vari
abilit
ies
and
uncert
ain
ties
are
addre
ssed,
but
not
as
they
apply
to1-B
Por
its
specifi
cexp
osu
reenvir
onm
ents
.M
odels
are
built
on
surr
ogate
para
mate
rvalu
es
whic
hin
troduces
larg
edegre
es
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
3.0
Extr
act
edN
o
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
73
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..1987.
House
hold
solv
ent
pro
duct
s:A
nati
onal
usa
ge
surv
ey.
Data
Typ
eSurv
eyH
ero
ID1005969
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Data
Collec
tion
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Data
Analy
sis
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1N
ati
onw
ide
(U.S
.A.)
surv
ey
wit
houtr
each
via
random
dia
ling
and
willingness
topro
vid
eaddre
ssand
resp
ond
tosu
rvey.
Met
ric
4:
Sam
pling
/Sam
pling
Siz
eH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Res
ponse
Rate
Med
ium
2T
he
surv
ey
resp
onse
rate
isdocum
ente
dand
the
resp
onse
rate
is>
40-7
0p
erc
ent,
indic
ati
ng
that
the
surv
ey
resu
lts
will
likely
repre
sent
the
targ
et
popula
tion.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2N
oquality
contr
ol
issu
es
were
identi
fied
that
would
impact
the
resu
lts.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Vari
abilit
yof
popula
tion
studie
sth
rough
surv
ey
quest
ions,
but
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
of
surv
ey
uncert
ain
itie
sdis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
74
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Abt.
1992.
Met
hyle
ne
chlo
ride
consu
mer
use
study
surv
eyfindin
gs.
Data
Typ
eSurv
eyH
ero
ID1065590
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Data
Collec
tion
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
ata
collecti
on
inst
rum
ent
was
desc
rib
ed.
The
pro
tocols
for
field
pers
onnel
was
not.
Met
ric
2:
Data
Analy
sis
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2W
eig
hte
dsu
mm
ary
stats
pro
vid
ed,and
unw
eig
hte
dcounts
pro
-vid
ed
inapp
endix
.C
ould
not
find
adis
cuss
ion
on
sam
pling
and
non
sam
pling
err
ors
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Sam
pling
/Sam
pling
Siz
eH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Res
ponse
Rate
Med
ium
2fo
rth
equest
ionair
e,
resp
onse
rate
was
ab
out
40
perc
ent.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3N
odis
cuss
ion
of
QC
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
† H
igh
= 1
; Med
ium
= 2
; Low
= 3
; Un
acc
epta
ble
= 4
; N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
e over
all
rati
ng
is c
alc
ula
ted
as
nec
essa
ry.
Met
rics t
hat a
re ra
ted
Hig
h m
et th
e cr
iteria
for h
igh
conf
iden
ce a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r thi
s typ
e of
stud
y, a
nd
may
not
requ
ire a
dditi
onal
com
men
ts.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
75