Download - 5 themes of geography
5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
Created by: Roiden Fredrich M. Fernandez
LESSON
1
GROUP 1
Provides an effective organization of the teaching of geography.
Provides an organizing framework for the presentation of geographic materials.
Adopted in 1984 by the National Council for Geographic Education and the
Association of American Geographers
Five Themes of Geography
Five Themes of Geography
1. LOCATION used to identify a point or an area on the Earth’s
surface or elsewhere. Location can be absolute or relative.
THEME
1
Latitude
Latitude (shown as a
horizontal line) is the angular
distance, in degrees,
minutes, and seconds of a
point north or south of the
Equator. Lines of latitude are
often referred to as
parallels.
Longitude
Longitude (shown as a
vertical line) is the angular
distance, in degrees,
minutes, and seconds, of a
point east or west of the
Prime (Greenwich) Meridian.
Lines of longitude are often
referred to as meridians. .
Latitude and Longitude
Absolute Location
A location can be
absolute (specific) as in
coordinates of a map
using longitude and
latitudeExample:
Coordinates of CMULHS
7° 51′ 2″ N, 125° 2′ 59″ E
(Read as 7 degrees 51 minutes 2 seconds NORTHAnd 125 degrees 2 minutes 59 seconds EAST)
Relative Location
Relative location is the
location of a place relative
to another place (ie south,
north, downhill, or uphill.)
2. PLACE Describes the human and physical characteristics of a
location.
THEME
2
Physical characteristics
Includes a description such things as the mountains, rivers, beaches,
topography, and animal and plant life of a place.
Human characteristics
Includes the human-
designed cultural features
of a place, from land use
and architecture to forms of
livelihood and religion to
food and folk ways to
transportation and
3. HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION This theme considers how humans adapt to and modify the environment. Humans
shape the landscape through their interaction with the land; this has both positive
and negative effects on the environment.
THEME
3
Examples of Human-Environment Interaction
Winter Summer
Places attracts people for different reasons. Wearing light clothing in hot places and
warm clothing for cool places.
4. MOVEMENT This theme studies movement and migration across
the planet.
THEME
4
Examples of Movement
Migration of Homo Sapiens Transportation
5. REGIONRegion divides the world into manageable units for
geographic study. Regions have some sort of characteristic that unifies the
area. Regions can be formal, functional, or vernacular.
THEME
5
Formal Region
Formal regions are those that are
designated by official boundaries,
such as cities, states, counties, and
countries. For the most part, they
are clearly indicated and publicly
known.
Functional Region
Functional regions are defined by
their connections. For example, the
Regions of the Philippines.
Vernacular Region
Vernacular regions are perceived
regions, such as "The South," "The
Midwest," or the "Middle East;" they
have no formal boundaries but are
understood in our mental maps of the
world.
Examples; 1. Citizens of the United
States are generally known as
Americans from America.
2. Filipino’s speak Tagalog