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4th Nine weeks
Key Terms and topics
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MesopotamiaMiddle Eastern Ancient civilization. Area was known as the “fertile Crescent” In biblical
account this would be considered the area where the Garden of
Eden existed. Therefore it is also referred to as
the “Cradle of Civilization”
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Middle East Known for:•Oil reserves
•Wars/Conflict•Religion
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Flag of Israel Very symbolic. Star of David represents their
Jewish culture and heritage. Unique
because it is a Jewish nation within the
Middle East.
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AD/BC timelineAD- referring to the
year of Christ’s birth.
BC- meaning the time before Christ’s
birth.
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Christian Holy BookBible
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Islamic Holy BookKoran
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Jewish Holy BookTorah
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Feudal System/FeudalismMedieval European
political system comprised of a set of reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warrior
nobility, revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals, and fiefs.
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CrusadesSeries of ancient wars
fought between Christians and Muslims.
These wars fought in many locations helped
spread religion, disease, technology, new ideas,
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MonasteryEarly monks living in
Monasteries contributed to the world by copying
(by hand) famous literary works and religious texts
(bible). This allowed information to travel
from the past without mechanical print.
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Hieroglyphics Egyptian writing using symbols or pictures to tell a story, event, or
historical records.
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Cuneiform An ancient form of
writing found in the Sumerian civilization. It
is referred to as a wedged shaped writing using pictographs to tell a story, event, historical
record.
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Code of HammurabiFirst written law
code in the world. It stated many of
the basic laws that are still in modern
law today.
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Imports/Exports Imports- goods or
services entering or coming into a country.
Exports- goods or services leaving or sent
outside a country.
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TariffsA tax on goods entering a country. This tariff or tax
helps keep all goods competitive in a country.
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Marco PoloDuring the Age of
Exploration was known and the explorer who
opened up trade routes with Asia.
•.Gunpowder•Silk
•Spices
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Magellan Explorer during the Age
of Exploration who is known as the first
explorer to sail around the world
(Circumnavigate)
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Columbus Explorer during the Age
of Exploration very interested in discovery of the “New World” or the
Americas.
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Resources •Water•Trees•Air•Coal
•Natural Gas•Land
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IrrigationA way to bring water into
an area to supply the needs of humans and/or
crops.
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Terracing Carved steps into mountains or high
elevations for farming or living purposes. Makes land that is otherwise useless now useable.
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DeltaArea where a river
deposits sediment into an ocean. Examples
include the Mississippi River Delta, and , the Nile
River Delta in Africa.
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Latitude and Longitude
Lines on a map or globe that help find locations of specific places.
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Physical Map vs. Political Map
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Industrial Revolution When production of goods changed from
being made by hand to be made by machines.
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Car Industry/Assembly Line
Henry Ford (Ford Motor Company)Developed a way to speed up production by using workers to specialize in one job
along a line of production.
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Labor Unions Developed by
workers to ensure •Fair wages
•Safe work environments•Benefits
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Strikes Effective form of protest.
Often occurs to get a message across.
Examples include:•Pickett Lines
•Sit Ins
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Examples of Peaceful Protest
Picket LinesSit Ins
Boycotts
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HurricanesOccur in along the
Eastern Sea Coast of the United States and along the Gulf coast (Gulf of
Mexico)
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GrasslandsAreas of land in the American mid west. Often referred to as
“Americas Breadbasket”Where we see a lot of
agricultural activities take place. (Farming)
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Culture It is the way a civilization
of people…•Talk•Sing
•Dance•Worship
•Recreation
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Melting potE’ Pluribus Unum
“Out of many- One”
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Spanish Influences to America
•Guitar•Horses•Corn
•Language•Fiesta
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Canada (Bilingual)French and
English speaking citizens. It tells a
lot about their roots or origin of
their nation.
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Primary Source Secondary Source
Secondary sources provide interpretation and analysis of primary sources.
Secondary sources are one step removed from the original event or "horse's mouth."
Examples of secondary sources:Britannica Online encyclopedia (online)
American National Biography (database) literary criticism analyzing a play, poem,
novel, or short story magazine or newspaper articles about
events or people political commentary analyzing an election
or politician (via Lexis-Nexis database) textbooks
A primary source is a document, speech, or other sort of evidence written, created or otherwise produced during the time under study. Primary sources offer an inside view of a particular event. Examples include:Original documents: autobiographies, diaries, e-mail, interviews, letters, minutes, news film footage, official records, photographs, raw research data, speechesCreative works: art, drama, films, music, novels, poetryRelics or artifacts: buildings, clothing, DNA, furniture, jewelry, pottery
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Memorial Day Originally known as
decorative day was put in place to honor the fallen
American service members
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Martin Luther King Jr. Leader of the 1964 civil
rights movement.
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Pre-historic people In world history
these are the people who are before written
records. Referred to as
hunter/gatherers(Nomads)
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Economic SystemsMarket- (Free Enterprise) Driven by produced supply and consumers
demand for products. (Example: United States)
Mixed- a combination of market and some command economic principals.
Traditional – where economic decisions are influenced by tradition and culture. (Example: Asian countries/China, and rice production)
Command- economic system in which the government controls how much or little of a product is made or sold. (Examples: communist
countries- North Korea)
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Economic Terms•Economy
•Supply and demand•Competition
•Scarcity•Market price
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Age of ExplorationAge in which exploration
occurred. Spain and Portugal were very involved seeking riches and discovery of new
lands. During this period new discoveries were made
also it was a period of diffusion or spread of technology, disease, innovation, cultural discovery, invention.
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Different types of power •Solar•Wind
•Nuclear•Hydro-electric•Geothermal
Sometimes referred to as alternative power
sources.
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The Great ConvergenceOccurs to America from
across the world. Groups from the 1600’s to today
include:•England•Germany•Scotland•Ireland•Mexico•China•Spain
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Social Interaction The way people in a
group or civilization….•Communicate
•Participate in clubs•Athletic events
•Recreation (picnics/socials)
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Social Institutions Established in societies:
•Family•Government
•Economy•Religion
•Education
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Regions of Kentucky
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Examples of Kentucky Culture
•Horse racing•Kentucky Fried Chicken
•Bluegrass music.•Tobacco.
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Origins of the Word Kentucky
Derived from the Native Americans who lived in the lands before it
became the state of Kentucky.