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4 :SENTENCE TYPES
This chapter will help you understand and identify some of the various types of sentences.
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CHAPTER OUTLINE
Sentence Types:
The Simple Sentence The Compound Sentence The Complex Sentence
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THE SIMPLE SENTENCE
A simple sentence has only one
subject-verb combination and expresses
a complete thought.
For example:
Children play. Joe runs. The dog ate my homework.
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A simple sentence may have more than one subject:
Lemons and limes taste sharp and tangy.
A simple sentence can have more than one subject, more than one verb, or several subjects and verbs.
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A simple sentence may have more than one verb:
The puppies nipped and nuzzled one another playfully.
A simple sentence can have more than one subject, more than one verb, or several subjects and verbs.
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A simple sentence may even have several subjects and verbs:
Every New Year’s Eve, my parents, aunts, and uncles eat, dance, and welcome the new year together.
A simple sentence can have more than one subject, more than one verb, or several subjects and verbs.
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THE COMPOUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence is made up of two or more simple sentences. Usually, the two complete statements are connected by a comma and a joining word.
For example:The dog ate my homework, so I am in trouble.Jojo was in Canada, and Loretta was in US.
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Supper is ready. The guests have not arrived.
These two simple sentences can be combined to form one compound sentence:
Supper is ready, but the guests have not arrived.
The process of joining two ideas of equal importance is known as coordination.
Put a comma plus a joining word (also known as a coordinating conjunction), such as and, but, or so, between the two complete thoughts.
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The cover is torn off this book, and the
last few pages are missing.
(And means in addition: The cover is torn off this book; in addition, the last few pages are missing.)
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The kittens are darling, but we can’t
have another pet.
But means however: The kittens are darling; however, we can’t have another pet.)
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Kendra has to get up early tomorrow,
so she isn’t going to the party tonight.
(So means as a result: Kendra has to get up early tomorrow; as a result, she isn’t going to the party tonight.)
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COMPLEX SENTENCE A complex sentence is made of a
complete simple sentence and a statement that begins with a dependent word (such as: although, before, that, which.)
For example: The dog ate my homework,
although I told him not to. Jojo was in Tuscon, which is very
strange.
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If it thunders, our dog hides under the
bed.
Each thought could stand alone as an independent statement. A complex sentence, on the other hand, includes one independent statement and at least one dependent statement, which cannot stand alone.
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Dependent statements begin with dependent words (also known as subordinating conjunctions), such as after, although, as, because, when, and while.
A dependent statement also includes a subject and a verb.
Punctuation note: Put a comma at the end of a dependent statement that begins a sentence, as in the example above.
If it thunders, our dog hides under the bed.
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