Download - 3RD CONDITIONALS
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START UP 2: Unit 10 1
CONDITIONALS
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Conditional forms are used to speak about past, present,
and future situations that depend on other eventshappening. For example:
Peter will buy a car if he gets a raise.
If Carla studied more, she would pass the exam.
There are four types of conditional sentences. These are:
ZERO CONDITIONAL
FIRST CONDITIONAL
SECOND CONDITIONAL
THIRD CONDITIONAL
CONDITIONALS:
Buying a car depends on Peter receiving a raise.
Passing the exam depends on Carla’s studying.
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Conditional sentences consist of two parts – the situation
and the result. If demand grows, we’ll increase production.
If I won the lottery, I would travel to Europe.
We can change the order of the sentence without changing
the meaning.
We’ll increase production if demand grows.
I would travel to Europe if I won the lottery.
CONDITIONALS:
SITUATION RESULT
SITUATION RESULT
SITUATIONRESULT
RESULT SITUATION
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Situations that are always true if something happens. For
example: If you heat ice, it melts (derretirse).
If there is a shortage of any product, prices for that
product go up.I take a taxi if I miss the bus in the morning.
In zero conditional sentences, “IF” can be replaced with
“WHEN”. For example:
When you heat ice, it melts.
Uses the present tense.
“YOU” refers to people in general.
ZERO CONDITIONAL:
SITUATION RESULT
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Zero Conditional – match the
sentences to thier functions.
1. If water is heated to 100 degrees, it boils. ___
2. If you click on the blue button, the answers appear ___
3. If the weather is nice, I cycle to work. ___
4. If the traffic light changes to red, drivers have to
stop. ___5. If you are out of work, you are entitled to
unemployment benefits. ___
a. Facts/general truths
b. Scientific laws
c. Rules
d. Habits and routines
e. Instructions
B
E
D
C
A
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FIRST CONDITIONAL:
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Used for real or possible situations which will occur if a
certain condition is fulfilled/occurs.
If it rains, I will stay home.
We’ll increase production if demand grows.
Form:
If the morning flight is full, I will travel in the
afternoon.
I will complain to the manager if it is necessary.
FIRST CONDITIONAL:
IF + PRESENT TENSE, WILL/WON’T + VERB
SITUATION RESULT
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SHOULD, CAN, COULD MIGHT, MAY, MUST ANDGOING TO can be used instead of WILL
If it rains, I will stay home.
If it rains, I should stay home.
If it rains, I might stay home. If it rains, I can’t go out.
If it rains, I’m going to stay home.
If it rains, I must stay home.
FIRST CONDITIONAL:
Staying home is a goodidea
Maybe I will stay at homeI’m not able to leave home
I plan to stay home
I have anobligation/necessity to stay
home (ie. I’m very sick)
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF…
YOUR HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDE TOTHE FIRST CONDITIONAL. LOOK AT THEPHOTOS AND SAY WHAT WILL HAPPEN
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF HE EATSTOO MANY HAMBURGERS?
IF HE EATS TOO MANY HAMBURGERS,
HE WILL GET FAT.
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF HE BITESTHE WIRE?
IF HE BITES THE WIRE, HE WILL GET A
SHOCK.
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF YOU LISTENTO LOUD MUSIC TOO MUCH?
IF YOU LISTEN TO LOUD MUSIC TOO
MUCH, YOU WILL GO DEAF.
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF THE BOATLEAVES?
IF THE BOAT LEAVES, THE CAR WILL
FALL INTO THE WATER.
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF HETOUCHES THE PAN?
IF HE TOUCHES THE PAN, HE WILL GET
BURNT.
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN YOU DRIVETOO FAST?
IF YOU DRIVE TOO FAST, YOU WILL
GET A SPEEDING TICKET.
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WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN IF YOU DON’T
WEAR SAFETY BOOTS?
IF YOU DON’T WEAR SAFETY BOOTS,
YOU MIGHT GET HURT.
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WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN IF YOU DON’T
USE EAR PROTECTION?
IF YOU DON’T USE EAR PROTECTION,
YOU MIGHT GO DEAF.
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF YOU DON’T
PUT ON SUN CREAM?
IF YOU DON’T PUT ON SUN CREAM,
YOU WILL GET SUNBURNED.
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WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF THEIRPARACHUTE DOESN’T OPEN?
IF THEIR PARACHUTE DOESN’T OPEN,
THEY WILL DIE.
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LOOK AT THE PICTURE. HOW MANYDANGERS CAN YOU SEE?
If someone opens the door, the lady will fall off the chair.
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Used when we imagine what might happen in the future.
Often called the unreal conditional because it is used forunreal – impossible or improbable – situations. The
conditional provides an imaginary result for a situation.
If I were the president, I would lower taxes.
Form:
If I taught this class, I wouldn’t give tests.
They would buy a new house if they had enoughmoney.
SECOND CONDITIONAL:
IF + PAST TENSE, WOULD/WOULDN’T + VERB
IMAGINARY SITUATION RESULT
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SECOND CONDITIONAL:
Complete the sentences with the second conditional.
1. If I ________ (be) you, I __________ (get) a new job.2. If he ________ (be) younger, he __________ (travel) more.
3. If we ________ (not be) friends, I __________ (be) angry with
you.
4. If we ________ (have) more resources, we ____________(reinvest) them in employee development.
5. If I ________ (speak) perfect English, I ________ (be) a
director.
6.
She ____________ (have) more money if she __________(not buy) so many clothes.
7. He ___________ (call) her if he ________ (have) her number.
8. If you __________ (not eat) so much junk food, you
__________ (lose) weight quicker.
were would getwere would travel
weren’t would be
had would reinvest
spoke would be
would have didn’t buy
would call had
didn’t eat
would lose
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FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE 2NDCONDITIONAL:
Did you hear about that guy who won 180 million dollarsin the lottery? If I (win) _______ that much money, I (quit)
__________ my job the next day. I (travel) __________aound the world and (stay) __________ in the most
luxurious hotels. If I (want) __________ anything, I (buy) __________ it. If I (see) __________ a beautifulMercedes that I wanted, I (buy) __________ it. If Iwanted to stay in a beautiful hotel and the hotel (be)
________ full, I (buy) __________ the hotel. I (can do)
_________anything if I (have) _______ 180 milliondollars. I could do good things with the money too. Ifanybody (need) _________ help, I (give) __________them some money and I (donate) ____________ moneyto charities.
wonwould quit would travel
stay
wantedwould buy saw
would buy
would buy
had
was
could do
would donatewould giveneeded
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If you found a suitcase with$1,000,000, what would you do?
If I found a suitcase with $1,000,000, Iwould…
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If you could live anywhere, wherewould you live?
If I could live anywhere, I would live in…
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If you could change one thing in theworld, what would it be?
If I could change one thing in the world,
I would…
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If you could date a celebrity, whowould you choose?
If I could date a celebrity, I would date…
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If you could travel back in time,where would you go?
If I could travel back in time, I would go
to…
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If you were offered a good job with goodpay in another part of the country, wouldyou take the job?
If I were offered a good job in another
part of the country, I…
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If you bumped your car into a parked car,would you leave your name and address?
If I bumped my car into a parked car, I…
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FIRST OR SECOND CONDITIONAL?
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
first or second conditional.
1. If they go to Washington, they _________ (see) the White
House.
2. If she _______ (have) a hamster, she would call him Fred.
3. If he gave her a candy, she _____________ (stop) crying.
4. If he __________ (arrive) later, he will take a taxi.
5. We would understand him if he _______ (speak) slowly.
6. Andy ____________ (cook) dinner if we buy the food.
7. If you hate walking in the mountains, you ____________ (not
enjoy) the tour.
WILL SEE
HAD
WOULD STOP
ARRIVES
SPOKE
WILL COOK
WON’T ENJOY
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THIRD CONDITIONAL:
Yesterday
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Used when we imagine doing or changing something in the
past. If it had been sunny yesterday, I would have gone
to the beach.
Form:
If you had told me about the problem, I would havehelped you.
I wouldn’t have broken my arm if I hadn’t slippedon the stairs.
THIRD CONDITIONAL:
IF + PAST PERFECT, WOULD/WOULDN’T + HAVE + VERB TENSE
IMAGINARY SITUATION
IN THE PAST
RESULT
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We can could instead of would. Compare:
If I had had enough money, I would have bought acar.
If I had had enough money, I could have bought acar.
WOULD expresses a desired result, COULDexpresses a possible result (it was possible to buy
other things)
We can also use “I wish” and “If only”.
THIRD CONDITIONAL:
I wish I hadmoney for anew car.
If only I hadmoney for anew car.
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Fill in the gaps to make sentences withthe third conditional:
If I ______ ______
alive 2000 years ago,I _____ _____ _____
a Roman
had been
would have been
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If / the thief / run faster /
the police / not catch him
If the thief had run faster,
the police wouldn’t have
caught him.
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If / the Titanic / miss the
iceberg / it / not sink
If the Titanic had missed
the iceberg, it wouldn’t
have sunk..
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He stayed in the sun too long and gotsunburned.
If he hadn’t stayed
in the sun too long,
he wouldn’t havegot burned.
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He arrived late and missed the train.
If he had arrivedearlier, hewouldn’t have
missed the train.
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He forgot his umbrella and got wet.
If he hadn’t
forgot hisumbrella, hewouldn’t have
got wet.
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She drank so much coffee yesterdaythat she couldn’t sleep last night.
If she hadn’t
drank so muchcoffee she wouldhave been able
to sleep lastnight.
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She got a virus on her laptop becuaseshe didn’t install an antivirus.
If she hadinstalled anantivirus, shewouldn’t have
got a virus.
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Make a third conditional sentence withthe information given.
For example: I wasn’t late for work yesterday.
If I had been late for work yesterday, I
would have missed the morning meeting.
1. Tom asked my permission before he borrowed my car.
2. I don’t have enough energy today.
3. Ocean water is salty.
4. People don’t have wings. 5. You didn’t ask for my opinion.
6. Most nations support trade agreements.