Download - 2011 Marion Baeli PassivHausUK
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Princedale Road!PassivHaus retrofit
in a London Conservation area
Marion Baeli
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Paul Davis + Partners:
A 99 strong London-based practice known for its skilful integration of contemporary architecturewithin historic environments.
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1. OBJECTIVEOFTHEPROJECT(Retrofit for the Future)2. CONSTRAINTSAND OPPORTUNITIES3. PROPOSALFOR PRINCEDALE ROAD4. COSTANALYSIS5. CONCLUSION
Content
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80% CO2 reduction
1. OBJECTIVE
Source of CO2 emissions in a standardVictorian House
A Retrofit for the Future ProjectAim to demonstrate if and how 80%+ emission
reductions can be achieved in existing housing stock
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EnglishHouseCondi/onSurvey2007
EnglishHouseCondi/onSurvey2007EuropeanCommuni/esPVGIS
25,000,000
dwellings
21% of the stock is Pre-1919Thats 4.7 million houses
30% of total emissionsVictorian housing stock emit themost with 43,000,000 tCO2/y9t of CO2/yr/house480 kWh/m2/yr (on average)Pre-1919 stock highest emitter
1. OBJECTIVE - CONTEXT
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EnglishHouseCondi/onSurvey2007
MainFuelType
1. OBJECTIVE
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Carbon emission reductions from energy efficiency improvements to the UK housing stock BRE report BR435. 2001.
History shows we have already addressed comfort once
40 years 40 years
1. OBJECTIVE
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2. CONSTRAINTSANDOPPORTUNITIES
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Location Central London
2. CONSTRAINTSANDOPPORTUNITIES
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Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Conservation Area Map
Conservation area context
2. CONSTRAINTSANDOPPORTUNITIES
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Planning Policy Statement 5 - Historic Environment HE1.1 Local planning authorities should identifyopportunities to mitigate, and adapt to, the effects of
climate change when devising policies and making
decisions relating to heritage assets by seeking the reuseand, where appropriate, the modification of heritageassets so as to reduce carbon emissions and securesustainable development.
2. CONSTRAINTSANDOPPORTUNITIES
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3. PROPOSAL
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100
102
3. EXISTING HOUSE
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Basement Plan Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Second Floor Plan
Up Up Up
Up
3. EXISTING HOUSE
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3. EXISTING HOUSE
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3. EXISTING HOUSE
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3. EXISTING HOUSE
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1
2
3
4
Basement Plan Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Second Floor Plan
Over all only 2m2 of floor area lost on upper floors
3. PROPOSAL LAYOUTAND VOLUMES
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- Airtightness 0.6ACH @ 50 PA(n50)-Surface Temperature
> 17degC
-Summer overheating Max 10% > 25degC-Ventilation 30m3/hr.pers-Heating 15kWh/m2yr @20c-Primary Energy 120kWh/m2/yr
ComfortComfortComfortComfortEnergyEnergy
3. PROPOSAL - TARGETS
BECAUSE:FOLLOWTHE PASSIVHAUS STANDARD PRINCIPLES
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3. PROPOSAL - STRATEGY
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3. PROPOSAL - STRATEGY
Fabric First Ventilation Renewables
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il l l ll i i l il
Brick wall as existingNo insulationBreathable wall
il l l ll i i il
Brick wall retrofitted with:150mm internal insulationJoist left in placeCavity un-ventilated
Computer modeling of the Heat transfer effects in thebuilding components
NB: On a PassivHaus Retrofit, about 100 mm of internal insulation should be used,
thicker layers are not recommended, as internal insulation causes lower temperatures in
the wall, diffusion and convection of water vapour should be calculated by a specialist in
advance in order to avoid humidity damages.
3. PROPOSAL JOIST END
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Existing masonry external wall
Continuous air tightness layer
15mm Duraline plasterboard
150mm Insulation quilt
50mm Insulation quilt
metal ferrings holding the insulation
15mm Duraline plasterboard
Thermally contained restraint rodresin anchored into external wall
203x102 PFC chased into partywall
New timber floor joists notched intonew beam. Sizes to be confirmedby Structural Engineer (225x50 tbc)
1No. layers of 15mm duraline
18mm OSB board screwfixed to timber floor joists
Existing masonry external wall
metal ferrings holding the insulation
il l l ll i i l il il l l ll i i l i
l
il l l ll i i l ilAirbrick at top and bottom of
a cavity will help to keep thewall dry
3. PROPOSAL JOIST END
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Steel beam resting in party wall Gap between steel and external wall
3. PROPOSAL JOIST END
Continuous insulation
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3. PROPOSAL AIRTIGHTNESS
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2011 www.pauldavisandpartners.com Air leakage testFabric
3. PROPOSAL - AIRTIGHTNESS
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The ventilation system is a whole houseMechanical Ventilation with HeatRecovery (MVHR)
Easy to use controlsare also essential
Air in-take fitting Air extract fitting
3. PROPOSAL - VENTILATION
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1. Clear the old coal store below the houseand raise the ground floor to allow better
head height2. Lay a new screed, install a waterproof
membrane and allow central drainage to
drain potential condensation 3. Install the concrete fins which form the
labyrinth ducts4. Lay the OSB board airtight layer with 20cm
insulation with foam glass blocks (structural
insulation) that can carry the weight of the
partitions, kitchen units, MVHR, hot water
cylinders5. Lay the floor finish and install the kitchen
units
1 2 3
4 5Insula-onFoamGlass OSBair-ghtlayer
Underground, labyrinthine heat exchanger
3. PROPOSAL - VENTILATION
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Opening casement Internal window reveals
3. PROPOSAL - WINDOWS
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3. PROPOSAL - WINDOWS
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3. PROPOSAL - WINDOWS
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4. COST
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The cost breakdown of the energy saving measures are as follows:
Wallinsula-on:10,892+newsteels:12,785 23,676
Roofinsula-on: 1,554
Windowsanddoors: 32,007 Services: 30,240
87,477
Totalcostofrefurbishment: 178,290(including non energy saving measures)
4. COST
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Energy needed: 21,110kWh/yr Heating: 1,860Appliances: 220 Total /yr: 2,080!Energy demand: 1,700kWh/yr (-92%) Heating: 177 Appliances: 220 Total /yr: 397!
After retrofit
Before retrofit
4. COST
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(Source: House of Commons www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN04153.pdf )
Profile of the UK energy price fluctuation during the last 20 years. The graph shows an increase of gas price of 32% in the last 20 years and 42% just in
the last 5 years (thats an average of 8.4% per year).
+8.4% average increase per year
1990 2009
+ 32% in 20 years+ 42 in the last 5 years
4. COST
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Payback:59 years if the fuel price stagnate36 years with a 5% price increase 17 years with a 10% fuel price
5%
If energy cost increase by 10% per year, in 10 years bills will be:Non-retrofit: 4,824/ yr (100/ week!?)PH Retrofit: 1,030/ yr (21/week)
10%
4. COST PAYBACK TIME
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Decent Homes: !Capital cost: Running costs: Comfort: medium20,000 kWh still?
Existing: !Capital cost: Running costs: Comfort: low20,000 kWh L
PassivHaus: !Capital cost: Running costs: Comfort: high2,000kWh J
4. COST RECAP
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HAPPYPEOPLE
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www.greenoctavia.org.uk
Thank You