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2010 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
THE YEAR OF “RECORD AND NEAR-RECORD” NATURAL
DISASTERS
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
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2010Earthquakes, Floods, Volcanic Eruptions, Severe Windstorms,
Tsunamis, Landslides, Droughts, and Blizzards
WAVE AFTER WAVE OF NATURAL DISASTERS THAT KILLED OVER 260,000
AND CAUSED DIRECT ECONOMIC LOSSES OF AT LEAST $222 BILLION
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2010… And the Impacts of a Record Environmental
Disaster in the Gulf of Mexico and Global Climate Change
DIRECT ECONOMIC LOSSES ESTIMATED AT $50 BILLION
and INDIRECT LOSSES AT ??
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THE DEADLIEST DISASTERS OF 2010
• M7.0 Haiti Earthquake that killed 230,000, largely because of the inadequacy of the building code, leaving survivors stuck in tent cities battling a cholera outbreak and health-care problems for the rest of the year – January 12th
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DEATH TOLL REACHED AN ESTIMATED 230,OOO+
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THE DEADLIEST DISASTERS OF 2010
• Heat Wave that destroyed one-third of Russia’s wheat crop and a week of Wildfires that came close to the radioactive waste land –July 29
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RUSSIA: 600 WILDFIRES BURNING IN 7 REGIONS
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THE DEADLIEST DISASTERS OF 2010
• Floods that inundated one-fifth of Pakistan –July 29
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ONE-FIFTH OF PAKISTAN AFFECTED
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Floods and wildfires that wipe out crops in Russia and Pakistan (and other nations like Peru) drive up
food prices for the poorest nations, spend more than 75 percent of household income on imported
grains.
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PARALYZING DISASTERS OF 2010
• A rare volcanic eruption in Iceland that paralyzed air traffic in Europe for days.
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Eyjafjallajökull: UNDER A GLACIER; MARCH 27, 2010
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ASH CLOUD FROM APRIL 14 ERIPTION
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PARALYZING DISASTERS OF 2010
• A blanket of snow and a Nor’easter that paralyzed the Washington, D.C. area and eastern seaboard.
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ONE OF THE HARDEST HIT NATIONS IN 2010 -- INDONESIA
•
•In a 24-hour period in October, Indonesia suffered a deadly magnitude 7.7 earthquake, a tsunami that killed more than 500 people and a volcanic eruption that caused more than 390,000 people to leave habitats and livestock and flee to evacuation centers that had inadequate health care facilities.
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A M7.7 EARTHQUAKE, A 3 M-TSUNAMI-WAVE RUN UP, AND A LONG
ERUPTION OF MOUNT MERAPI CAUSED LOSSES IN THE TENS OF
MILLIONS, DISPLACED OVER 340,000, KILLING NEARLY 1,000 , AND
POTENTIALLY AFFECTING THE HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR
THOUSANDS,
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The M7.7 earthquake generated a near-source tsunami with 3 m (10 ft) waves that struck within 5 minutes
after the quake---so quickly that the regional tsunami warning system
that was improved after the December 26, 2004 tsunami disaster, was ineffective..
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TSUNAMI WAVE RUN UP IN MENTAWAI ISLAND
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MOUNT MERAPI AKA “FIRE MOUNTAIN”
• Mount Merapi has a history of starting full scale eruptions with a heat, or pyroclastic cloud, and a lava flow.
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70,000 EVACUATED AS ERUPTION CONTINUES: NOV 2
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ERUPTIONS CONTINUES : NOV 6
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MERAPI’S ERUPTIONS CONTINUE : NOV 10
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ATLANTIC BASIN HURRICANE SEASON
• Three active hurricanes in motion at the same time.• With nineteen named storms, 2010 is now tied with 1995 as the second most active season in history.
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HURRICANE TOMAS WAS THE LAST STORM OF THE 2010 SEASON
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Tomas, as a CAT 2 storm, was the “the worst in Saint. Lucian history,” causing the loss of its
entire banana crop, which along with tourism, is extremely
important to Saint Lucia’s economy.
.
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TOMAS: IMPACTS SAINT LUCIA
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Hurricane Tomas, which intensified overnight on Thursday (Nov. 4) to CAT 1, is bearing down on Haiti, a country with a triple disaster: 1) the January 12, 2010 earthquake, 2) cholera affecting at least 6,700 people, and 3) more than 1 million people still living in tents.
.
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A TREELESS, LANDSLIDE-PRONE HAITI FACING TOMAS, A RAINMAKER
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HAITIAN’S POOREST OF THE POOR WITH NO PLACE TO GO
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LEONGANE: COPING WITH OLD AND NEW DISASTERS, NOV 5
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RECORD OIL SPILL (LEAK) IN GULF OF MEXICO
• The explosion of British Petroleum’s Deep Water Horizon oil rig set into motion an environmental disaster and a huge cleanup operation costing billions of dollars.
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DEEP WATER HORIZON: APRIL 22
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CLIMATE CHANGE CONTINUES TO BE BLAMED AS AN EXACERBATING FACTOR
•Climate change creates “blocking episodes,” physical conditions that prevent humidity or heat from dispersing naturally, thereby creating long-lasting snow or rain storms, or prolonged hot, dry spells---United Nations.
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REALITY CHECK:We're now in La Nina (a period of ocean cooling), so we should be
getting ready for a very cold winter in 2010 and 2011.
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THE REALITY CHECK OF 2010
Unless we devise and implement a realistic, new, dynamic strategy of capacity building, the next disaster may be upon us much faster than we can recover from the last one and we will all share in an unnecessary reduction in our quality of life.