![Page 1: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION INENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING
AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS
byJeff Civins
Iris [email protected]
Copyright © Haynes and BooneJuly 2005
179798.1
![Page 2: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Public Participation in Environmental Proceedings
• Legal Framework• Procedural Overview• Public Participation
– Permitting– Enforcement
![Page 3: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Legal Sources of Environmental Liabilities and Responsibilities
Common Law (e.g., Trespass, Strict
Liability, Nuisance & Contract)
Statutes
Violations or Environmental Threat
Administrative Orders Judicial Orders
Self-ImplementingStatutory Provisions
Statutory ProvisionsImplemented by Agency Rules
Directly Applicable Rules Rules implementedThrough Permits
Permits (including Licenses,Approvals and Registrations)
![Page 4: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
TCEQ Legal Frameworkfor
Regulatory Programs
• Independent State Programs• Federally-driven Programs
– State assumption– Federal oversight
![Page 5: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
TCEQ Permitting
• Air Quality• Water Quality• Solid Waste Management
– Hazardous– Industrial– Municipal
• Other
![Page 6: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
TCEQ Pollution Enforcement
• Administrative• Civil• Criminal
![Page 7: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Permitting and Enforcement Procedures
• TAPA• SOAH• Regulatory evolution to common
procedures
![Page 8: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
“Contested Case”
A proceeding in which the legal rights, duties, or privileges of a party are to be determined after an opportunity for adjudicative hearing.
TAPA § 2001.003(i)
![Page 9: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Contested Case Issues
• Permitting– whether compliance with regulatory
requirements– whether proposed permit conditions
are appropriate
• Enforcement– whether a violation has occurred– if so, what sanctions are appropriate
![Page 10: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
TCEQ Procedural Bases
• Texas Water Code Chapter 5• TSWDA• TCAA• Texas Water Code Chapter 26• TAPA• SOAH Enabling Statute
![Page 11: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
OPIC
• OPIC was created to represent the “public interest”
• OPIC is a party to every permitting and enforcement contested case proceeding
• OPIC’s goal to ensure that all relevant evidence is developed and made part of the record so that the Commission can make informed decisions and issue permits that are protective of human health and the environment
• OPIC is not authorized to seek judicial review of Commission decisions
![Page 12: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Parties to contested case hearings before the TCEQ
• Permitting– the Applicant– the Executive Director (“ED”), depending on
whether certain criteria are satisfied– OPIC– “Affected persons”
• Enforcement– the Defendant– the ED– OPIC
![Page 13: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Executive Director’s Participation in Permit Proceedings
• ED is generally precluded from participating in certain specified permit hearings.
• ED is required to participate in certain specified permit proceedings, e.g., – an application for which ED has
recommended denial– an application for which draft permit
includes provision opposed by the Applicant
![Page 14: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Executive Director’s Participation in Permit Proceedings (cont’d.)
• ED, for other permitting matters, must, on a case-by-case basis, consider specified criteria in determining whether to participate, relating to, e.g., the nature of the issues, potential impact on public health and environmental, effect on federal authorizations, and nature of parties.
Texas Water Code § 5.228(c); 30 T.A.C. §80.108
![Page 15: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Statutory History of TCEQ Contested Case
• 1975 Administrative Procedure and Texas Register Act (APTRA)
• 1991 State Office of Administrative Hearings (SOAH)
• 1995 Natural Resource Conservation Division in SOAH (NRCD)
![Page 16: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
SOAH Hearing Procedures
• SOAH rules• TCEQ rules and policy, but no TCEQ
supervision• TCEQ Deference to SOAH
– may amend, but must explain– in hazardous waste permit proceedings, may
overturn• finding of fact if not supported by great weight of
evidence• conclusion of law only if clearly erroneous
• SOAH Deference to TCEQ – only consider issues referred by TCEQ unless material, supported by evidence, and good cause
![Page 17: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
SOAH Procedure
• Determination of party status• Discovery• Non-jury trial• Proposal for Decision• Briefing by Parties• TCEQ Determination
![Page 18: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Public Participation in Permitting• Public notice of application• Public comment and ED response• Public meeting – optional unless
– Legislator request– Substantial public interest
• Public notice of ED’s preliminary determination and ED response to comments
• Request for contested case hearing• Commission determination and referral to
SOAH• Participation in hearing• TCEQ determination• Appeal
![Page 19: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Request for Contested Case Hearing
• In writing• Filed with chief clerk• Includes
– Contact information– Description of justiciable interest
• Requestor’s location and distance• How adversely affected
– Relevant and material disputed issues of fact raised during public comment period
![Page 20: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Contested Case Hearings
• Based on request• Based on public interest
![Page 21: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
When a Hearing is Requested
• ED provides comments• Chief Clerk refers to ADR and sets
request for TCEQ agenda• ED, OPIC, and Applicant submit
comments and Requestor responds• TCEQ Commissioners decide• If yes, referral to SOAH, which
determines if additional parties
![Page 22: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Prerequisites to Granting of Request
• whether the request was filed by an affected person as defined by Section 5.115, and
• whether the request included one or more issues that– involve a disputed question of fact– were raised during the public comment period– are relevant and material to the decision on the
application
Texas Water Code §5.556(d)
![Page 23: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
“Affected Person”
• An “affected person” is one who has a “personal justiciable interest related to a legal right, duty, privilege, power, or economic interest affected by an application” but not an interest that is common to the general public
• “Justiciable” means that the matter falls within the TCEQ’s regulatory authority and jurisdiction
![Page 24: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
“Affected Person”Pertinent Factors
• whether the interest claimed is one protected by the law under which the application will be considered
• distance restrictions or other limitations imposed by law on the affected interest
• whether a reasonable relationship exists between the interest claimed and the activity regulated
30 T.A.C. §55.29
![Page 25: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
“Affected Person” Pertinent Factors (cont’d.)
• the likely impact of the regulated activity on the health, safety, and use of property of the person
• the likely impact of the regulated activity on the use of the impacted natural resource by the person
• for governmental entities, their statutory authority over or interest in the issues relevant to the application
30 T.A.C. § 55.29
![Page 26: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Associational Standing
• one or more members of the group or association would otherwise have standing to request a hearing in their own right
• the interest the group or association seeks to protect are germane to the organization’s purpose
• neither the claim asserted nor the relief requested requires the participation of the individual members in the case
• 30 T.A.C. § 55.205
![Page 27: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
TCEQ Affected Person
• Collins v. Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission, 94 S.W.3d 876 (Tex.App.-Austin 2002)
• United Copper Industries, Inc. v. Grissom, 17 S.W.3d 797 (Tex.App.-Austin 2000)
![Page 28: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Public Interest Prong
• In absence of request• Issue: what if contested case is not
otherwise authorized
![Page 29: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Pros of Public Participation in Contested Case Permit Hearings
• Full opportunity for public input• More rigorous evaluation• More protective permit conditions
or Denial of inadequate application
![Page 30: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Cons of Public Participation in Contested Case Permit Hearings
• More costly and time consuming for Applicant and State
• Interest of protestant may reflect personal concerns and not concerns of the public
• May discourage business from locating in State
![Page 31: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Enforcement Options
• Administrative• Civil• Criminal
![Page 32: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Administrative
• Contested Case Hearing• Executive Director, OPIC and
Defendant• Not Affected Persons
![Page 33: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
TCEQ Enforcement
• Substantive statutes• Standard Procedures
![Page 34: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
TCEQ Procedures
• Investigation• NOV
– Informal– Formal
• If formal, NOE and opportunity for contested case hearing
![Page 35: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Public Participation in Administrative Enforcement
• No intervention in state environmental enforcement proceedings
• Public comment on proposed enforcement orders or settlementsTexas Water Code §7.075
• Enforcement based on citizen evidenceTexas Water Code §7.0025(a)
• Citizen complaintsTexas Water Code §5.177
![Page 36: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Public Participation in State Judicial Enforcement
• Citizen SuitsTexas Litter Abatement Act
• Compelling state enforcementKoch v. TNRCC, 52 S.W.3d 833 (Tex.App.—Austin 2001)
• Intervention in judicial enforcement proceedings
TRCP 40?
![Page 37: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Public Participation in Federal Enforcement
• Government Enforcement• Citizen Enforcement
![Page 38: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Federal Citizen Suits
• Against agency to compel performance of non-discretionary duty
• Against defendant for violation
![Page 39: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Federal Citizen Suits Prerequisites
• Notice• Delay period• No diligent governmental
prosecution• Standing
![Page 40: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Standing
• Constitution• Prudential
![Page 41: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Constitutional Standing
• the individual has suffered an actual or threatened injury
• the injury is “fairly traceable” to the defendant’s action
• the injury can be redressed through the relief available in the suit
![Page 42: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Prudential Standing
• whether a plaintiff’s grievance falls within the zone of interests protected by the statutory provision involved in the suit
• whether the complaint raises abstract questions or a generalized grievance more properly addressed by the legislature
• whether the plaintiff is asserting her own rights and interest rather than those of third parties
![Page 43: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
© 2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
Conclusion• OPIC participates in permitting and
enforcement• In permitting, public has right to
– comment– participate in public meeting– request and participate in contested case
• In enforcement, public has right to– comment– provide evidence– file a complaint
• Views regarding opportunities of public to participate depend on perspective
![Page 44: ©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS by Jeff Civins Jeff.Civins@haynesboone.com and](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062618/551414bd550346ec488b5253/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
©2004 Haynes and Boone, LLP
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION INENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING
AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS
byJeff Civins
Iris [email protected]
Copyright © Haynes and BooneJuly 2005
179798.1