4. List the 3 tenants of the cell theory.
• All living things are composed of cells.• All cells are produced from other cells.• Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in living things.
8. List 3 organelles that plant cells have, but animal cells do not.
• Cell wall• Chloroplasts• Large central vacuole
9. The DNA, containing all the instructions for a cell’s function, is contained in what organelle?
• nucleus
11. In what organelle is the energy from food molecules converted into energy the cell can use?
• mitochondria
12. A ______________ is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
• tissue
13. The mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving things is known as ___________________.
• Spontaneous generation
14. What two scientists helped to demonstrate that living things do not arise from nonliving material?
• Pasteur and Redi
16. Why are bacteria and archaea placed in separate kingdoms?
• Their structure and chemical make-up differs.
17. What 3 characteristics are used to place organisms into kingdoms?
• Ability to make food• Cell type• Number of cells in their body
23. The process of grouping things based on their similarities is called ___________________________.
• classification
24. A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce is called _______.
• A species
25. The scientific study of how living things are classified is ________________________.
• taxonomy
26. An organism’s scientific name consists of its ________________ name and its _________________ name.
• Genus• species
29. The more classification levels that two organisms share, the more ____________ they have in common.
• characteristics
30. ________________________ keys can be used to help determine the identity of organisms.
• Taxonomic
31. What contribution of Charles Darwin had a major impact on classification?
• His theory of evolution
35a. Name some animals that reproduce asexually via budding.• Bacteria• Hydra• Sponges• Jellyfish• Sea anenomes• Worms• Starfish• (Ribosomes produce proteins)
39. Fertilization that takes place inside the female organism’s body is called ___________________ fertilization.
• internal
41. An immature form of an animal that looks very different from the adult is the ______________________.
• larva
43. The process whereby a tadpole changes into a frog is called ______________________.
• Complete metamorphosis
45. Where does a placental mammal develop before its body systems can function independently?
• Inside its mother’s body
47. An offspring that is genetically identical to its parent is the result of __________________ reproduction.
• asexual
49. The stage of a plant’s life cycle that produces egg and sperm cells is called the _________________ generation.
• gametophyte
50. The part of a woody stem that forms rings that indicate the tree’s age is the ____________________.
• xylem
53. What part of a plant transports water and nutrients from the root to the plant’s stem and leaves?
• xylem
54. Tiny extensions on the root of a plant that help a plant absorb water and nutrients are called ______________.
• Root hairs
55. Name 3 functions of roots.
• Anchor the plant• Absorb minerals and water• Store food (sometimes)
60. The process by which water evaporates from a plant’s leaves is known as ________________.
• transpiration
62. Draw a flower (p. 203) and label the sepals, petals, stigma, style, ovary, anther, and filament.