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Korea
Three Kingdoms Forward
16
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Pre-history
Ancient Chosun
The mythological unified Korean nation ruled
by Tangun from 2333 BC
Han tribes 300 BC+
Palais (your text) covers several earlykingdoms. We won’t
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Three Kingdoms About 50 BCE –
668 CE Koguryo: Northern Korea
37 BC – 668 AD
Baekche: SouthwesternKorea 18 BC – 663 AD
Silla (Pronounced Sheila)Southeastern Korea 57
AD – 668 AD (Victory)
Kaya (minor and short lived, usually ignored)
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Three Kingdoms
Koguryo: North, was the largest andstrongest
Included much of Manchuria
Battled and resistedChina several times
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Three Kingdoms:
Baekche -- Southwest First to adopt
Buddhism
Sent scholars,craftsmen and monksto Japan
First destroyed by Silla-Tang alliance
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Three Kingdoms:
Silla -- Southeast Later developer
Builds alliance with
Tang China tooverthrow bothBaekche and Koguryoby 668 CE
Unites Korea intoUnified Silla Dynasty
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Unified Silla Dynasty
668 CE – 918 CE Silla dynasty unifies
Korean Peninsula
Northern kingdom of Parhae is also Koreanspeaking but usually
placed into Manchurianhistory
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Parhae Kingdom Ondol Heat
The world’s first “centralized” heatingsystem
Developed 600-700 CE
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Unified SillaSadae Principle
Sadae = “Serve the great”
Silla allied with Tang China to solve its problemwith Koguryo
First works with Tang to destroy Baekche andunify southern Peninsula
Next works with Tang to destroy Koguryo andunify more of Peninsula
Silla Korea recognizes its weakness
Alliance with China provides protector
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Unified Silla
Sadae Principle Tributary status with China provides
Guidance
Protection Access to Chinese economy
Peace
Help with domestic disturbances if necessary
How does a small nation survive? Sadae
Watch for this repeating theme…
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Unified Silla
Hwarang
Elite military academy
Teaches art, poetry, history, horsemanship,and weaponry
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Unified Silla
Religion and State in Silla
Unified Silla adopts Buddhism as official state
religion Builds massive “Buddhist Nation Temple”
Pulkuksa
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Pulkuksa
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Pulkuksa
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Pulkuksa
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Sokaram
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Unified Silla
Kyongju as Capital: Art, Architecture
Burial practices
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Royal Tombs
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Unified Silla
Chomsongdae Observatory
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Buddhist temple ceiling
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Guard atBuddhist
Temple Gate
Eaves from KoreanBuddhist Temple
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Unified SillaHereditary Government “True Bone” lineages
Strict intermarriageamong nobles
Yangban class leadershipSilla period court music
Confucian forms of ministries
Structure looks Confucian
No Meritocracy – Exams don’t mean anything
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Unified Silla
Strict Primogenitureinheritance
Competition among Siblings
Shakespearian style intrigue and tragedy among
royal families Patricide, Fratricide, etc. You name it…
Royal politics was a blood sport
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Unified Silla
Closing Scenes Factionalism and corruption weaken Silla Dynasty
Restoration movements in both Baekche and Koguryo Both gain independence
Later Baekche emerges but a splits internally betweenfather and son
Alliance between part of later Baekche and Later Koguryo 935 CE: Koguryo overthrows Silla to unify Korea again
Takes on the new dynastic name: Koryo -- hence Korea