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10.1 Political Unrest in Texas
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The Fredonian Rebellion
• There was a caravan that left Mexico City
• The mission was to investigate conditions in East Texas
• A conflict had erupted one year before over land and contracts
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The Fredonian Rebellion
• Many people living there did not have the contracts to prove the land they were on was theirs
• Haden Edwards, a business man from Kentucky, received an empresario contract to settle 800 families near Nacogdoches
Haden Edwards
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The Fredonian Rebellion
• Many settlers complained because they were being forced to leave
• The government cancelled Edwards’s contract
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The Fredonian Rebellion:It Didn’t End There
• Hayden’s brother, Benjamin, took action.
• He and some settlers claimed a part of East Texas and named it the Republic of Fredonia.
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The Fredonian Rebellion
• They met in the Old Stone Fort
• These people adopted the Fredonian Declaration of Independence
• Many Texans opposed this rebellion.
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• Most Texans (both U.S. settlers and Tejanos) opposed the rebellion
• Stephen F. Austin called out the militia
• When the rebels heard the troops were coming, many fled
• Edwards later returned to Nacogdoches where he died in 1849
Stephen F. Austin called out the
militia
RIP Haden Edwards
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Mier y Teran’s Report
• The rebellion was a minor event but attracted lots of attention
• Mexican officials sent General Manuel de Mier y Teran to investigate conditions in Texas General Manuel
Mier y Teran
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• The tour began in Laredo, went to San Antonio, and finally San Felipe de Austin.
• Here he met Stephen F. Austin
• They discussed many issues and Austin pledged his loyalty to Mexico
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The Tour Continues…• Mier y Teran arrived
in Nacogdoches• He noticed the
Mexican influence decreased as he moved north and east.
• U.S. settlers numbered Mexican settlers 10 : 1
• U.S. influence was growing stronger by the day
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Mier y Teran Report
• Teran warns the president of Mexico about what he observed.
• He made several recommendations:
• 1. Trade between Mexico and Texas should increase
• 2. More soldiers should be sent to Texas.
• 3. Mexico should encourage European and
Mexican settlement.
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• Before responding to the proposals Mexico made a bold move
• 1829- Mexican President Vicente Guerrero issued a decree ending slavery in Mexico.
• Texan slaveholders protested the Guerrero Decree. Texas gained an exemption from this decree.
President Vicente Ramon Guerrero
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• In response to Teran’s report, Mexico passed the Law of April 6, 1830
• Banned U.S. immigration to Texas
• Made it illegal to bring slaves to Texas
• Suspended unfulfilled empresario contracts
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• In doing this the government hoped to issue new contracts bringing in only Mexican and Catholic Europeans
• Began taxing all U.S. imports to Texas
• Mexican officials hoped the law would strengthen Mexico’s control on Texas, but it only angered many Texans
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Law of April 6, 1830
• Many U.S. settlers were angered because the new law meant their families could not come to Texas
• Austin tried to work with Mexican officials and get his colonists to comply with the law, but realized relations with the Mexican government had been damaged
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• Tejanos who supported U.S. immigration also opposed the law of April 6, 1830
• When it went into effect, they had a meeting
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• Members were Erasmo Seguin, Jose Antonio Navarro, and Juan Seguin- this group was known as the ayuntamiento of San Antonio
• In the meeting, the men made note of the advantages of having U.S. immigration to Texas