![Page 1: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6
traffic engineering
Xing Li2017-09-27
![Page 2: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Outline
• CERNET and CERNET2• 100G experience• Traffic engineering building blocks
– Address switching– IVI
• Current projects• Remarks
![Page 3: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
CERNET Layer 3
IVI
CERNET (IPv4) CERNET2 (IPv6)
• CERNET is the first (1994) nation wide Internet backbone in China.
• CERNET ranks 23 in global CIDR report.
• Over 2,000 universities on CERNET with about 20M subscribers.
• Built in 2004, with national coverage• CERNET2 is the largest IPv6
backbone in China.• About 300 universities connected to
CERNET2 with about 3M subscribers.
![Page 4: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Peering
• Academic – Beijing ßà Los Angeles 10G– Beijing ßà London 10G– Beijing ßà Hong Kong 10G (100G)
![Page 5: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
CERNET fiber
![Page 6: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
CERNET DWDM
![Page 7: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
DWDM design considerations• 100G transport network
– Point-to-point link– No OTN cross-connects
• 100G & 10G mixed system– Conservative considerations
• Not sure 100G is stable at the design time (2012)– Economical considerations
• 100G à TMUX multiple 10Gs• Or mixed 100G/10G
![Page 8: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
DWDM deployment considerations
• 10G is sensitive to dispersion• 100G is sensitive to attenuation
![Page 9: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Layer 3 topology
![Page 10: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Equipment
Huawei NE40
![Page 11: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
IP Traffic examples
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
![Page 12: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
100G to supercomputing center in Wuxi
![Page 13: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
CERNET user requirements (1)• Networks
– QoS Layer 3 path – Bandwidth guaranteed
Layer 2 Links– Measurement – Trouble shooting– Security– Low cost
• Research groups– Performance– Automation– Low cost
Performance
Automation Low cost
![Page 14: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
CERNET user requirements (2)
• Layer 3 services– IPv4 global, commodity (best effort)– IPv4 academic (bandwidth on demand)– IPv6 global– IPv4 and IPv6 translation
• Layer 3 VPN services• Layer 2 Point-to-point• SDN service
![Page 15: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Building blocks• Routing
– IPv4 BGP– IPv6 BGP– IPv6 multicast SSM
• Layer 2 – point-to-point
• Layer 3 VPN– BGP VRF
• SDN• SRv6
• Address switching • IPv4/IPv6 translation
(IVI)• Scalable Application
Specific Measurement (SASM)
![Page 16: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Routing
IPv4 IPv6
IVI
• Providing services already• Asymmetric routing• Best effort
![Page 17: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Layer 2 point-to-point
• Providing services already• Scalability• Inter domain
![Page 18: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Layer 3 VPN
• Provide services soon• Scalability• Inter domain
![Page 19: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
SDN
MPLS core
SDN overlay
• Provide services soon (overlay model)• Production service?
![Page 20: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
SRv6
• Keep eyes open
![Page 21: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Natures of the Internet
• Bandwidth is limited resource
• The user’s behavior follows the power law
• The high performance applications are still Poisson distribution
![Page 22: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Circuit Virtual circuit
Datagram
ConnectionOriented
Connection-less
Switching technology
![Page 23: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Circuit Virtual circuit
Address Datagram
ConnectionOriented
Connection-less
AaaS (Address as Service)
Switching technology
![Page 24: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Ordinary User Heavy User
Non-VIP User VIP User
Address Switching
Power Law80% users20% traffic
20% users80% traffic
Non-VIP service VIP service
(a)
(b)
Address-switching concept
![Page 25: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Address switching via BGP RR
End system
Softswitch
End system
AdmissionControl
Gateway
(a)
Other AS Own AS
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
• Bandwidth is limited resource• Reserve bandwidth per VIP address block• Dynamic assign VIP address block with
admission control
![Page 26: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Example
http://www.address-switching.org/
![Page 27: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
CERNET IPv6 transition experience
Translation IVIIETF Behave WG
Dual stackNFSCNET
IPv6 onlyCERNET2
• 200 所大学• 200万用户
Tunnel IPv6 over
IPv4CERNET-6Bone
Tunnel IPv4 over IPv6
IETF softwire WG
IPv4CERNET
• 2000 所大学• 2000万用户
1994 2000 2004 2005 20111998 2007
Double dIVIIETF Softwire WG
2014
Unification IETF Softwire WGIETF v6ops WG
![Page 28: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Stateles translation concept
IPv6
IPv4
Real IPv6 hostReal IPv4 host mirrored IPv6 host mirrored IPv4 host
IVI
A subset of IPv6 addresses
• IPv4/IPv6 translation makes IPv4 and IPv6 can communicate directly
![Page 29: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Lessons learned• The Internet could not have been so
successful in the past years if IPv4 had contained any major flaw.
• The value of a network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system (n2)
• Incremental deployment is required.• Any problem in CS can be solved by
adding a layer of indirection.
![Page 30: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
TE via IPv6
http://www.ivi2.org/
![Page 31: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
SASM
http://search.sasm3.net/
![Page 32: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Beijing-Hong Kong 100G• Routing
– IPv4 BGP– IPv6 BGP– IPv6 multicast SSM
• Layer 2 – point-to-point
• Layer 3 VPN– BGP VRF
• SDN• Address switching • IVI• SASM
BJ
HK
100G MPLS
APIs
GNA 2.0
![Page 33: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Next steps
100G CERNETIPv4
100G CERNET2IPv6
100G FITICN/SDN/?
2013 2017 2018
![Page 34: 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic ... · 100G Lambda networking in CERNET and IPv4/IPv6 traffic engineering Xing Li 2017-09-27](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051010/5acf65757f8b9ad24f8c6457/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Remarks
• 100G• Keep the stateless nature of the
Internet–Address switching
• Adding a layer of indirection–IPv6 and translation