2
Outline
Introduction
CERNET Optical Transport Network
CERNET IP Backbone
Operation Experience
Next Generation Plan
Conclusion
3
CERNET Statistics
China Education and Research Network (CERNET) is the first and largest academic Internet backbone in China.
8 national Pops are connected via 2.5Gbps DWDM links 30 provincial Pops are connected via multiple 155Mbps SDH links 38 GigaPops distributed in 36 cities, covering all the provinces in Mai
nland China. 300 campus networks connect to their nearest Pops via 100Mbps-1Gb
ps links. 1,500 education and research institutions connected and provide Intern
et connectivity 15 million users 320 million students/school kids
5
CERNET Transport Network
大连
北京
郑州
石家庄
武汉 合
肥
南京
上海
长沙
南昌 杭
州
广州
福州
成都
昆明
重庆
厦门
海口
桂林
沈阳
哈尔滨
天津
济南
南宁
深圳
太原
青岛
7
CERNET Operation Experience
Bandwidth is never enough
Protection can be done in layer 3
Unified network management system is desirable
Flow control and security is essential
8
Bandwidth is never enough But after 3 to 12 months, the links were congested again and the users were
shouting for a higher bandwidth. It seems that the optical network is the only
solution.
9
Protection can be done in layer 3
北京
郑州
西安
武汉 合肥 上海
南昌 杭州
广州
成都
沈阳
南宁
天津
福州
重庆
济南大连
长春 哈尔滨
长沙
南京
厦门
兰州
深圳
石家庄
银川西宁
乌鲁木齐
昆明贵阳拉萨
太原呼和浩特
青岛
桂林海口
12
University Connectivity Demand
16 Million students enrolled in 2003 universities and institutes located
in more than 260 cities in Mainland China in year 2002.
The average number of enrollment per university/institute is about 8,0
00 students.
If 1 Mbps connectivity is required per student, an average sized campu
s network will need about 8 Gbps of aggregated bandwidth.
When 80 vs. 20 rule applied, the CERNET backbone should provide 4
Tbps aggregated bandwidth reaching more than 260 cities.
For one IP address per student assignment, 1 /8 space is needed.
13
School Connectivity Demand
The student population in Mainland China is about 300 Million in 200
2. There are about 1.2Million schools.
If 0.5 Mbps connectivity is required per head with 80 vs. 20 rule appli
ed, the CERNET backbone should provide 30 Tbps aggregated bandw
idth.
For one IP address per head assignment, 19 /8 spaces are needed.
14
Economical Considerations
The calculated bandwidth should be provided with affordable price,
which should be able cover
– the link to the global Internet
– the port to other Internet backbone in China
– the construction and operation CERNET backbone
– the metropolitan networks and the campus networks
What can be collected
– University student 30 RMB/month
– School kids 3 RMB/month
15
CERNET optical infrastructure upgrade plan
上海
沈阳
大连
长春 哈尔滨
北京
郑州西安
武汉
合肥
杭州
广州
成都
天津
重庆
济南
厦门
长沙
南京
福州
兰州
银川西宁
乌鲁木齐
太原呼和浩特
昆明贵阳拉萨
南宁
深圳桂林海口
南昌
石家庄青岛
16
CERNET2 plan
北京
郑州西安
武汉 合肥 上海
杭州
广州
成都
沈阳
天津
重庆
济南
厦门
大连
长春 哈尔滨
长沙
南京
兰州
10G
2.5G
用户接入网 用户接入网 用户接入网
用户接入网 用户接入网
用户接入网
用户接入网
用户接入网用户接入网用户接入网
用户接入网
用户接入网
用户接入网
用户接入网
用户接入网用户接入网
用户接入网 用户接入网 用户接入网
10 Gbps to 5 cities, 2.5Gbps to 20 cities
18
Conclusions
China is a developing country, the education modernization is the key
for its future development.
Providing Internet connectivity to all the universities and schools is
one of the major step in the modernization process.
CERNET architecture board is planning to upgrade the national
backbone, the metropolitan networks and the campus networks again
for higher performance and better manageability for affordable cost.
The scalability of providing Internet services to all the educational
population in Mainland China is the key of success.