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1st Hi-Lumi WP 6 kick-off meeting
17 November 2011
Cold Powering and Superconducting Links
A. Ballarino, CERN
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Hi-Lumi Collaborative ProjectFP7-InfrastructuresTwenty participantsProposal submitted in 2011
WP6Cold Powering and Superconducting Links for LHC High Luminosity Upgrade
WP6 Participants: CERN, INFN, University of Southampton
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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Work Package 6
Task 1Coordination
Task 2Cryogenics
Task 3Electr. Transf.
Cryostat
Task 4Energy Dep.
Material
Accelerator Physics and Performance
Collimators
WP 6
Fluka team
Magnet Design
Crab cavities
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Goal of Hi-Lumi upgrade:
Reduce * by stronger and larger aperture quadrupole magnets located near thecollision points (low- triplet quadrupoles). Increase of Bp that can be transformed inhigher quadrupole gradient or/and larger bore diameter
Nb3Sn optionIop = 15 200 ABp = 11.9 TGradient = 171 T/m
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF THE low- TRIPLET
Distances in m
MQXA
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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IP1
Q3,Q2,Q1DFBXD1Q4,D2Q5Q6
DFBL
DFBAQ11, Q10…Q7
IP 8
TASTAN
4.5 K 4.5 K 1.9 K
12 m 3 m
3.6 m
UJ 13RR 13
Layout at Point 1
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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POWERING CONFIGURATION OF THE LHC –TODAY- INNER TRIPLETS
Nested circuits One trim power converter on Q1
D1 at P1 and P5: resistive magnetQ1, Q2 and Q3: four leads, each rated at 7500 A DC Corrector magnets: quadrupole, sextupole octupole (120 A/600 A)
DFBXA and DFBXB at P1DFBXE and DFBXF at P5
N. of leads Rating (A)
10 120
14 600
4 7500
Itot 40 kA
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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POWERING CONFIGURATION OF THE HIGH LUMINOSITY –NEW- INNER TRIPLETS
D1 at P1 and P5: resistive magnetQ1, Q2 and Q3: four leads, each rated at 7500 A
Corrector magnets: 120 A (dipole) and 600 A (sextupole)
resistive magnet superconducting magnet, I 10 kA four leads, each rated at 7500 A eight to four leads, each rated up to 15 kA
Individual powering of each circuit ?
Nested powering, e.g. one main power converter plus current trimming on each magnet ?
Split powering, e.g. Q1 in series with Q2a and Q3 in series with Q2b ?
Need for energy extraction via warm resistors of each individual magnet, i.e. need for safety leads and additional superconducting cables in the cold bus ?
Time constant of the circuits and amount of stabilizer in the cables ?
Itot 40 kA 40 kA > 100 kA
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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IP1
Q3,Q2,Q1DFBXD1Q4,D2Q5Q6
DFBL
DFBAQ11, Q10…Q7
IP 8
TASTAN
4.5 K 4.5 K 1.9 K
12 m 3 m
3.6 m
UJ 13RR 13
Layout at Point 1
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
I I
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Room temperature
Cryogenic environment(4.5 K LHe in the DFBs)
Tunnel
Cold powering system:
1) Current leads in a distribution cryostat (near the power converters);2) Vertical electrical transfer (link);3)Horizontal electrical transfer (link);4) Cryogenic fluid supply and control;5) Interconnection to the magnets bus system;6) Protection of link and current leads.
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PM 15
PM 54DFBXF (UJ56)DFBXE (RZ54)
DFBXA (UJ13)
DFBXB (UJ16)
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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2100 kA
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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MgB2 Tape : 3.640.65 mm2
MgB2: 12 %Cu : 15 %
MgB2
YBCO
YBCO Tape : 4 0.1 mm2
YBCO: 1-3 mCu : 220 m
Bi-2223Bi-2223 Tape : 4 0.1 mm2
YBCO: 1-3 mCu : 220 m
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Conductors in Superconducting Links
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Nb-Ti Nb3Sn MgB2 Y-123 Bi-2223
Criti
cal T
empe
ratu
re
Conductor
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Ic(77 K, self field) 100 A
YBCO
MgB2
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Conductors in Superconducting Links
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A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Nb-Ti cablesused in LHC 6 kA at 6 K
MgB2 cable6 kA at 20 K(> 12 kA at 4.5 K)
6 mm
Minimum quench energy of superconductors
Nb-Ti, Top = 5 KTc= 6 K → MQE = 2.63 mJ/cm3
Tc = 7 K → MQE = 5.26 mJ/cm3
Tc = critical temperatureTop = operating temperatureMQE= Minimum Quench Energy
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20 K-50 K
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Cryogenics for Cold Powering System
Tunnel
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Where else in the LHC ?
P1
P7
P5P5
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
P7 Underground Installation
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Current Leads andPower Converters
~ 250 m
~ 250 m
Option also for P3
48 cables rated at 600 A per linkTwo links each about 500 m long
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
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A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
S.Weisz, J. Osborne
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What do we have today ?
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= 40
25 × 2 × 600 A (2 × 15 kA) @ 35 K MgB2
@ 65 K (YBCO and Bi-2223)
~2 kg/m
~ 200 mHTS/mcable
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
CERN Prototype Link
Link for Point 7
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A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Integration of CERN Prototype Link in cryostat @ SOTON
L=5 m
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A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
MgB2
Bi-2223
YBCO
600 A
Test of 600 A HTS Cables
Measurements @ Southampton University (gas cooling) and CERN (liquid heliumand liquid nitrogen). Length of HTS cables 2 m
Proceedings of EUCAS 2011
MgB2
YBCOBi-2223
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MgB2
Bi-2223
YBCO
600 ATop
15 K55 K
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Test of CERN 600 A HTS Cables
(CERN measurements)
(SOTON measurements)
Proceedings of EUCAS 2011
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A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
R=1.5 m
Cryostat for Link (20 m length) in SM-18
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Semi-flexible linein SM-18 test station
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Cryostat for Link (20 m length) in SM-18
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= 75
= 15.5
3 × 6 kA
27 cables 6000 A48 cables 600 AItot = 190 kA @ 20 K (2 × 95 kA)
~10 kg/m
~ 900 mHTS/mcable
=70
24 × 6000 A42 × 600 AItot = 169 kA & 20 K ( 2 × 84.5 kA)
A. Ballarino, Proceedings of ASC 2010
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
MgB2 round wire
YBCO tape
High-current cable configurations
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Φ = 62 mm
7 × 14 kA, 7 × 3 kA and 8 × 0.6 kA cables – Itot120 kA @ 30 K
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
MgB2 round wire
High-current cable configurations
Development of round wire at Columbus Superconductors
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CHALLENGES
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011
Significant/unprecedented vertical transfer ( 100 m)Need for reinforcement of cables (10 kg/m 1000 kg)Need for appropriate compensation of thermal contraction in the straightvertical part
Complex system to be integrated in the LHC machine
Significant/unprecedented high-current long HTS cables (up to 15 kA)
Complex multi-cable assembly
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Task 1Coordination
Task 2Cryogenics
Task 3Electr. Transf.
Cryostat
Task 4Energy Dep.
Material
Hi-Lumi FP7 WP6Design study
CERN activityDesign study
Integration
Civil engineering
Interfaces(mech, vacuum, electr)
Vacuum
SC cables/SC link
Cryostat of SC link
Current leads
Protection
CERN activity
- Prototypes construction- Prototypes test
- System design- Series specification- Series construction- Integration- Operation
OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL ACTIVITY
Fluka team
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2012 20202018
HTS Links in LHCP1, P5,P7
HTS Links in LHC Hi-LumiP1 and P5
Timeline
2012-2013 2018-2019 2020-2021
Test ofhorizontallinks
2014
Test ofverticallinks
Civil Engineering
Superconductor
System production
A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011