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1
Computer Vision &
Image Processing
G. Andy Chang
Department of Mathematics & Statistics
Youngstown State University
Youngstown, Ohio
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CV & IP 2
Human Vision
Illusion
1. Green > Red2. Green = Red3. Green < Red
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CV & IP 3
Illusion (Human Vision)
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CV & IP 4
Vision System
Human Vision Qualitative Comparative
Computer Vision Quantitative
•320 pixels
•334 pixels
Pixel (combination of Picture & Element) is the smallest element of a display which can be assigned a color.
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CV & IP 5
Old design
Wafer
•Human hair thickness is about 100 micron.
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CV & IP 6
Computer Vision 564×380 Digital Image
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CV & IP 7
28=2560 ~ 255
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CV & IP 8
Original Image (564×380)8-bit Gray Scale Image (256 gray
levels)
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CV & IP 9
Image with 84 × 57 pixels(Low resolution)
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CV & IP 10
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 41 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 51 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 71 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 61 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 51 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 41 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 21 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 21 1 2 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 2 3 4 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 2 3 4 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 2 3 4 5 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 11 2 3 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 12 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 3 2 2 1 1 1
True Image Gray Level Bar Chart
0
1
-2
8
1 4 7
10 13 16
0
2
4
6
8
3-bit Gray Scale Image (0 – 7)
EXCEL WORKSHEET_AM
EXCEL WORKSHEET_PM
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CV & IP 11
Original Image (564×380)8-bit Gray Scale Image (256 = 28 gray
levels)
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CV & IP 12
Smoothed Image
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CV & IP 13
Sharpened Image
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CV & IP 14
Inverted Image (564×380)8-bit Gray Scale Image
0 255
1 254
2 253
3 252
4 251
5 250
…
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CV & IP 15
Object Identification
(Binary Thresholding)
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CV & IP 16
Object Identification
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CV & IP 17
Object Identification
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CV & IP 18
Object Identification
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CV & IP 19
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CV & IP 20
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CV & IP 21
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CV & IP 22
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CV & IP 23
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CV & IP 24
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CV & IP 25
Histogram of Gray Level (Simple Setting)
0
50000
100000
150000
0 50 100 150 200 250
Gray Scale
Fre
qu
ency
Old design
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CV & IP 26
Histogram of Gray Level (coallight)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
0 50 100 150 200 250
Gray Scale
Fre
qu
ency
Old design
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CV & IP 27
Oyster Size Measurement
(a) (b)
a) Original Image
b) Binary Image of Projected Area
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CV & IP 28
Images of Firm and Soft Apples
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CV & IP 29
Blood Cells