Download - 01C - The Importance of Oil & Gas
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8/12/2019 01C - The Importance of Oil & Gas
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8/12/2019 01C - The Importance of Oil & Gas
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Ch. 1 - 47
What is oil?
really light, with a
lot of dissolvednatural gas
gooey, like asphalt
Usually it issomewhere inbetween: a black,stinky liquid
Spindletop gusher, 1901
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Ch. 1 - 48
How Much Oil Do We Use?
The world consumes 82 million barrels of oil per year
At that rate, you could fill Crater Lake Oregon in 4 years!
1148 feet deep
6 miles across
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Ch. 1 - 49
What Is Natural Gas?
Methane: CH4
The lightestcomponent of oil
The worldconsumes 100trillion cubic feet
per year!
Imagine a balloon20 miles indiameter!
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Ch. 1 - 50
Quiz : Where do oil & natural gas occur innature?
a) Between the grains in rocksb) In large underground pools
c) Close to hot magma in volcanoes
How do we get oil & gas
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Ch. 1 - 51
How Do We Get Oil & Gas?
Shalefull of
carbon-rich goods
Lots of heat
Lots of pressure
Oil forms in the shale Oil rises upwardwhy?
sand
wateroil
gastop seal
salt
Deepwater Gulf of Mexico
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Ch. 1 - 52
Getting Oil Out of the Ground
Quiz : Which is better for oil extraction?
= sand = oil
matter
(a) (b) (c)
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Ch. 1 - 53
Unconventional Oil Resources
Barnett Shale, TX
Shale looks like this.
Bad for oil & gas extraction!
Make cracks in the rock.
Fill cracks with sand!
Oil flows out!
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Ch. 1 - 54
A Barrel of Crude Provides:
Gasoline - 19.5 gallons
Fuel Oil - 9.2 gallons
Jet Fuel - 4.1 gallons
Asphalt - 2.3 gallons
Kerosene - 0.2 gallons
Lubricants - 0.5 gallons
Petrochemicals,other products - 6.2 gallons
One Barrel =
42 gallons
American Petroleum Institute, 1999
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Ch. 1 - 55
Human
resources
InvestmentsProject
Management
Technology
Reservesand
resources
Markets
In Oil & Gas Industry,We Compete for Common Resources
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Ch. 1 - 56
The Oil & Gas Industry Challenges
To find and develop deepwaterreserves Accelerate the incorporation of
proven reserves Accelerate the start of production
Ensure availability of required drillingrigs
through the incorporation of thirdparties
To explore subsalt prospects,mainly in offshore plays
To apply enhanced oil recoveryprocesses in mature fields
To develop extra-heavy oilreserves in a profitable manner
To increase project managementsskills
To develop low permeabilityreservoir
Deepwater
SAL
SAL
SAL
SAL
SAL
SAL
Salt
Geologic faults
Reservoir
Subsalt