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Growing up Questioning the Approaches
to Decision making
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Terms to Remember
Code of ethics: moral conduct; standards of moral judgment and behavior; system of principles, rules or values by which to live;
Philosophy: the principles an individual chooses to live by;
Rationalize: (positive) to bring into accord with reason; (negatively) to provide plausible but untrue reasons for conduct.
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Terms to Remember
Manipulator: one who directly or indirectly tires to control or take advantage of others
Law: binding custom or practice of a group; rule of conduct or action;
Conformity: agreement in behavior with that of another person or group;
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I. Getting caught or Rewarded
As children: we viewed certain actions as good or bad, right or wrong in terms of earning rewards and avoiding punishment;
For example: a student does his homework himself instead of copying out of fear of being caught, scolded, grounded.
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Getting caught or Rewarded
A teen is not reckless on the road because she is afraid of her drivers license being revoked;
Not writing on the desks because of the fear of being caught;
Wearing uniform being afraid of getting demerits and not because it is the way of looking professional.
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II. Anything Goes
Morality – rules and regulations – to keep other people in line;
What is right for me is right for we;
No one can tell me what to do attitude.
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Anything Goes
For people like that there is not fundamental code of ethics by which everyone should live;
Moral philosophy: “It is everyone for themselves”;
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Anything Goes
Everything changes with each situation;
There are no constant standards, rules, or principles;
Such people do as they please to get what they want;
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Anything Goes
People like to rationalize and try to persuade themselves – and others – that what they are doing is right;
They are great manipulators;
Right to them is simply “what I want” or “what I feel like”.
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III. What is in it for me?
Right is what makes a person feel good; wrong is what makes a person feel pain and dissatisfaction;
For a person like that it is OK to hurt someone else as long as he/ she is not hurt.
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III. What is in it for me?
A lot of times relationships are used to achieve a sense of identity;
“I am just in this ‘til it stops working, then I’ll move on. It’s a learning experience”.
Sense of lack of empathy. What about fairness to the other person?
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IV. What will make others to accept me
Right or wrong – what pleases or displeases others;
If somebody accepts the action, it must be right; if they disapprove it, it must be wrong;
Decisions grounded on gaining others’ approval.
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IV. What will make others to accept me
A student acts according to what would make him/ her popular;
Going along with a crowd - to gain peer approval;
The aim to please at all costs – damaging to one’s identity.
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V. It’s the law
Centers on strictly abiding by the laws, rules, and regulations of the law;
“What are the rules?” – the only concern;
A person does things because you are supposed to in order to belong to the group.
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It’s the law
Conformity – the hallmark of the person who above all needs to be accepted, to fit in;
Being an individual or standing on one’s own seems too hard;
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It’s the law
Danger : blindly letting rules and laws automatically steer one’s moral behavior;
Conscience plays an essential role in assessing the moral legitimacy and rightness of rules and laws .
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It’s the law
Laws, rules, unquestionably following leaders’ orders might bring a degree of stability and order in the family, school, or society;
However, blindly following rules, a person can end up being stuck in a violent gang, religious sect, terrorist group.
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VI. It’s only “natural”
“Doing what comes naturally” – right or wrong – in terms of what feels or seems “natural”;
It’s woman’s nature to bear and raise children; it is a man’s nature to work and to be leaders.
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It’s only “natural”
The standards – purely subjective; their idea of what is natural or unnatural to do;
What some persons would subjectively regard as “natural” and right, others might consider “unnatural” and wrong.
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It’s only “natural”
For example:People who say that premarital sex or marital infidelity is “only following one’s natural instincts and feelings”;
There are no thoughts about meaning or consequences;
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VII. It is The Principled Thing to Do
External motives: doing the right thing – because of the outside rules, laws, regulations, authority of others;
Internalized motives: doing the right thing – because of one’s faith, principles, and/ or value system.
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It is The Principled Thing to Do
A person grows morally when he/ she bases his/ her decisions on internalized motives rather than self-interest, obedience, or peer pressure;
Otherwise a person’s moral growth remains stuck in a childish level;
Principled individuals can set self-interest aside for the sake of the rights and the greater good of others.