double allel

8/7/2019 Double Allel

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XII

Semester 1

Senior High School

XII

Heredity Hand Out- Double Allel :

Blood and Rhesus Type


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Heredity Hand Out - Double Allel :Blood and Rhesus Type

Double Allel

Appearance of a characteristic is determined by a pair of gene. Those genes are found in

compared locus in homolog chromosome pair. Generally, those paired genes determine certain

characteristic. Example, the hairs color of Rabbit.

C : Normal hair color / plain

cch : Kinkila

cH : Himalaya

c : Albino

Dominancy degree : C cch

cH

c

Another example of Double Allel is Blood Type. There are three kind of blood type, ABO Blood Type,

Rhesus Blood Type and MNO Blood Type. After in XI Class we learned about how determine blood type

based medical test, now we will learn about genetically consideration in blood type.

ABO Blood Type System

Grouping of ABO Blood Type System is determined by the presence of antigen or aglutinogen in

eritrosit membrane as the expression of genes which is exist in its eritrosit chromosome. That gene is

gene I that can produce antigen formed as protein and called as isoaglutinin. Alells from I gene are IA , IB

and i. Alel i resesif than IA

and IB

, but alel IA

is kodominan than IB.

Person who has IB

alell can produce antigen B, and person who has IA

alell can produce antigen

A. Person who has no those two alell just has i alell and cannot produce antigen.

So think, what antigen which can be produced by a person who has both of IA

and IB

alell???

Product of interaction between those three alell causing four type of blood type, A,B,AB and O.


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If a person has A blood type, that person has two possibilities of gene, IA

IA

and IA

i. so does person that

has B blood type. Person who has O blood type, he/she has ii gene. And someone who has AB blood

type, she/he has IA

IB

gene.

If a women who has A blood type want to be married with a man with B blood type, the possibilities oftheir childrens blood type are :

P (f) : A X B

(g) : IA

IA

x IB

IB

F1 : IA

IB

Blood Type : AB

OR,

P (f) : A X B

(g) : IA

i

x IB

i

F1 : IA

IB

, IA

i, IB

i, ii

Blood Type : AB, A, B, O

Table of ABO Blood Type System

IA

IA

IA

i IB

IB

IB

i ii IA

IB

IA

IA I

AIA

IA

IA

,IA

i IA

IB

IA

IB

,IA

i IA

i IA

IA

,IA

IB

IA

i IA

IA

,IA

i IA

i IA

IB

,IB

i IA

IB

,IA

i ,IB

I, ii

IA

I, ii IA

IA

,IA

i

IB

IB

IA

IB

IA

IB

,IB

i IB

IB

IB

IB

IB

i IA

IB

, IB

IB

IB i IA IB ,IA i IA IB ,IA i ,IB

I, ii

IB IB ,IB i IB IB ,IB i IB i, ii IA IB ,IA i, IB

IB

,IB

i

ii IA

i IA

I, ii IB

i IB

i, ii ii IA

I, IB

i

IA

IB I

AIA

,IA

IB

IA

IA

,IA

i IA

IB

,IB

IB

,IA

IB

,IB

i

IA

IB

,IA

i, IB

IB

,IB

i

IA

I, IB

iA

IA

,IA

IB

,IB

IB


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Individual Task I :

1. Write your parents blood type inheritance so that you and your sibling got the blood type.Write every possibilities !

Your Blood type :

Your siblings blood type :

Your Fathers blood type :

Your Mother blood type :

Possibilities scheme ( you may answer in another paper if the space isnt enough) :

Case Study :

Mr. Alejandro married Mrs. Dolores and they planned to have kids. He has O blood type

whereas Mrs. Dolores has AB blood type. What are the possibilities of their children?


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Rhesus Blood Type System

Beside Antigen A and B, in humans eritrosit there is also antigen Rh ( Rhesus Factor ). This

antigen firstly found in Macacca rhesus, a kind of monkey in India by Landsteiner and Wiener. Someone

is called Positive Rhesus if in his/her eritrosit found antigen Rh, who has no Rh antigen is called Negative

Rhesus.

Blood Type Antigen in Eritrosit Genotype

Rh Positive Presence Rh+ Rh+ or Rh+rh-

Rh negative Absent rh-rh

-

Different in ABO Blood Type System, in this blood type system there is no anti substances inside the

plasm. But, someone who has Rhesus Negative can make some anti substance be stimulated with

antigen Rh. So if someone who has Rh Negative has transfused by Rh positive, that person wont be

allowed to be transfused to the second times because can causing agglutination and make that person

dies.

This case also usually happen in some married case. A mother who has Rh negative when

pregnant a baby with Rh positive will get some her babys blood from placenta when her baby born.

That blood will stimulate mothers blood to produce anti substance. Her first baby ill born safely, but if

she have baby with Rh positive again, her anti substance inside her blood will damage the babys blood

and causing eritroblastosis fetalis. Eritroblastosisfetalis is a hemolisis event in blood and bad anemia.

The babys body will turn into yellow color because the limp duct is blocked and the limp liquid is sucked

by blood. Usually the baby will die during pregnancy, except this disorder early known so that th baby

has chance to safe. This disorder commonly happen in Indonesian women who married with

Europe/American Man.


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MN Blood Type System

K. Landsteiner and P. Levine find this blood type system in 1927. Someone is called has M blood

type if that person has antigen M inside the eritrosit. Whereas someone is called has N blood type is

that person has N antigen inside the eritrosit. If there are both of two antigens, that person has MN

blood type. Presence of those antigens is not affected in clinical aspect because those two antigens can

not stimulate the production of anti substance. To test our blood whether it is M Blod type or N blood

type or MN blood type, we use anti substance that is isolated from rabbits blood which has been

stimulated with M or N antigen first.

Antigen type, Reaction with Antiserum, Blood Type and Genotype

Antigen Type Reaction with Antiserum Blood Type Genotype

Anti M Anti N

M + - M LM

LM

M and N + + MN LM

LN

N - + N LN LN


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Key Sheet

Case Study

Answer

P (f) : AB X O

(g) : IA IB x ii

F1 : IB

i, IA

i.

So they probably have kids with A and B Blood Type

Key :

Correct Scheme : 1

Correct Answer : 1

Weight :2

Total Maximum Score : 4

Value : score/4 x 100

Case Study :

Mr. Alejandro married Mrs. Dolores and they planned to have kids. He has O blood type

whereas Mrs. Dolores has AB blood type. What are the possibilities of their children?


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Individual Task I

If student and sibling both of them have AB blood Type, so that the prediction is :

P (f) : A X B

(g) : IA

IA

x IB

IB

F1 : IA IB

The Parents Blood Type are A and B with IA

IA

and IB

IB

genotype

If student and sibling both of them have A blood Type, so that the prediction is :

P (f) : A X O

(g) : IA IA x ii

F1 : IA

i

So the Parents blood type are A and O with IA IA and ii genotype

Or,

P (f) : A X A

(g) : IA

IA

X IA

IA

F1 : IA

IA

So the Parents blood type is A with IA

IA

genotype

Or,

P (f) : A X A

(g) : IA

IA

X IA

i

F1 : IA

i, IA

IA


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So the parents Blood type is A with IA

IA

and IA

i genotype

If student and sibling both of them have B blood Type, so that the prediction is :

P (f) : O X B

(g) : ii

x IB

IB

F1 : IB

i

So the parents Blood type is O and B with ii and IB

IB

genotype

Or,

P (f) : B X B

(g) : IB

IB

x IB

IB

F1 : IB

IB

So the Parents blood type is B with iiand I

BIB

genotype

Or,

P (f) : B X B

(g) : IB IB x IB i

F1 : IB IB, IBi

So the Parents blood type is B with IB

IB

and IBi genotype

If student and sibling have A and B Blood type, so the prediction is :

P (f) : AB X O

(g) : IA

IB

x ii


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F1 : IB

i, IA

i.

So the Parents blood type are O and AB with IA

IB

and ii genotype

Or,

P (f) : AB X B

(g) : IA

IB

x IB

i

F1 : IA i, IB i

So the Parents blood type are AB and B with IA

IB

and IB

i genotype

If student and sibling have AB Blood type, so the prediction is :

P (f) : AB X AB

(g) : IA

IB

x IA

IB

F1 : IA

IB

So the Parents blood type is AB with IA

IB

genotype

If student and sibling have A and O Blood type, so the prediction is :

P (f) : A X O

(g) : IA

i

x ii

F1 : IA

i, ii

So the parents blood type are A and O

If student and sibling have B and O blood Type, so that the prediction is :


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P (f) : O X B

(g) : ii

x IB

i

F1 : IB

I, ii

So the parents Blood type is B and O with ii and IB i genotype

If student and sibling have AB, A Blood type, so the prediction is :

P (f) : AB X A

(g) : IA IB x IA IA

F1 : IA

IB

, IA

IA

So the Parents blood type are AB and A with IA

IB

and IA

IA

genotype

If student and sibling have AB and B Blood type, so the prediction is :

P (f) : AB X B

(g) : IA

IB

x IB

IB

F1 : IA

IB

, IB

IB

So the Parents blood type are AB and B with IA

IB

and IB

IB

genotype

If student and sibling have AB, A and B Blood type, so the prediction is :

P (f) : AB X A

(g) : IA

IB

x IA

i

F1 : IA

IB

, IA

IA, I

Bi, I

Ai

So the Parents blood type are AB and A with IA

IB

and IA

I genotype


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If student and sibling have AB, A, B, O Blood type, so the prediction is :

P (f) : A X B

(g) : IA i x IB i

F1 : IA

IB

, IAi, I

Bi, ii

The parent have A and B Blood Type with IA Iand IB I genotype

Key :

Scheme correct : score 1

All Possibilities are Mentioned : score 2

Bobot : 2

Maximum score : 6

Value : score /6 x 100

double allel

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