donaldson best example of oil cleanliness
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c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
A Companion Booklet to be used with The Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
TM
OIL FILTRATIONS Y S T E M S , I N C .
FLUID CLEANc o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
A Companion Booklet to be used with The Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
FLUID CLEAN
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1
Simply pulla 25 ml fluidsample througha PatchMembrane
Filter and compareoil sample particledistribution with theFluid Cleanliness ComparisonGuide to assign an ISOCleanliness Code.
Introductionf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Particle Count Range can bedetermined in as little as 10 minutes.
For complete Operating Instructions,see page 18 (operating manual).
Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign athree-digit cleanliness code to any given sample based onphotomicrograph comparisons of known samples. Theseknown samples are the results ofparticle counts achieved bystandards as set forth in
ISO 4406-1999.
The kit effectivelymonitors particulatecontamination in allhydrocarbon-basedhydraulic fluids,bulk chemicals, andlubrication fluids.
The Donaldson - Portable Fluid Analysis Kit was developed to enable a person to conductimmediate on-site oil analysis in as little as 10 minutes.
1
Simply pulla 25 ml fluidsample througha PatchMembrane
Filter and compareoil sample particledistribution with theFluid Cleanliness ComparisonGuide to assign an ISOCleanliness Code.
Introductionf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Particle Count Range can bedetermined in as little as 10 minutes.
For complete Operating Instructions,see page 18 (operating manual).
Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign athree-digit cleanliness code to any given sample based onphotomicrograph comparisons of known samples. Theseknown samples are the results ofparticle counts achieved bystandards as set forth inISO 4406-1999.
The kit effectivelymonitors particulatecontamination in allhydrocarbon-basedhydraulic fluids,bulk chemicals, andlubrication fluids.
The Donaldson - Portable Fluid Analysis Kit was developed to enable a person to conductimmediate on-site oil analysis in as little as 10 minutes.
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Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
56
37
25
3
3
40-80
20-40
2.5-5
13
12
9
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
2
13129
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESSf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo Analysis Very little contamination is present.The visible particle is an oxidized ferrous particle.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
221
154
66
15
10
160-320
80-160
10-20
15
14
11
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 mlScale: 1 Division = 14 m
3
151411
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODEf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contaminate is silica.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
587
222
104
30
13
320-640
160-320
20-40
16
15
12
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
4
161512
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESSf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination is primarily metallicwith some silica and fiber particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
1,978
396
230
60
24
1,300-2,500
320-640
40-80
18
16
13
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 mlScale: 1 Division = 14 m
5
181613
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODEf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination is primarily silica withsome metallic, oxidized ferrous and rust particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
3,548
892
456
120
46
2,500-5,000
640-1,300
80-160
19
17
14
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
6
191714
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESSf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination includes silica
with metallic and rust particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
7,514
3,431
1,514
480
84
5,000-10,000
2,500-5,000
360-640
20
19
16
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 mlScale: 1 Division = 14 m
7
201916
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODEf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination includes silica,metallic and rust particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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14,992
8,688
3,570
900
437
10,000-20,000
5,000-10,000
640-1,300
21
20
17
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
8
212017
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESSf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe contamination is primarily silica withsome metallic and rust particles.
A slight degree of oxidized ferrousparticles are also present.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
57,030
31,964
14,400
3,750
811
40,000-80,000
20,000-40,000
2,500-5,000
23
22
19
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 mlScale: 1 Division = 14 m
9
232219
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESS CODEf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThe contamination is primarily metallicwith additional silica contaminants, anda few rust particles and oxidized ferrousmetal particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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373,430
155,635
59,999
15,000
1,160
320,000-640,000
80,000-160,000
10,000-20,000
26
24
21
Particle Size(in microns)
4
6
10
14
25
Number per ML.Greater Than Size
ParticleCount Range
RangeCode
Magnification: 100 x Fluid Volume: 25 ml
Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
10
262421
20 30 40 50 6010 70
CLEANLINESSf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisThis sample is highly contaminatedwith silica,metallic, rust and
carbon (such as coal) particles.
P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y
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23
22
19
Magnification: 100 x Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
11
Silica
Bright Metal
Types of Contaminatif l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Photo AnalysisMost commonly sand ordust associated with airbornecontamination containing hard,translucent particles.
Photo AnalysisMost commonly products ofcomponent wear and fluid
breakdown within the system. Visible contaminant will usuallyappear to contain shiny metallicparticles of various colors.
20 30 40 50 60
20 30 40 50 60
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2 3
2 2
1 9
12
20 30 40 50 60
Black Metal
20 30 40 50 60
Rust
Magnification: 100 x Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
Types of Contf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
c o n t i n u e d
Photo AnalysisMost commonly products ofcomponent wear within the system.Contaminants are primarily oxidized
ferrous metal particles.
Photo AnalysisMost commonly seen when water ispresent in the system. Contaminants
contain dull orange or brown particles.
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20 30 40 50 60
Gel Cake
Types of Contf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
c o n t i n u e d
Magnification: 100 x Scale: 1 Division = 14 m
Photo AnalysisA dense accumulation on theanalysis membrane that makesparticle contamination evaluation
an impossibility.
Note:All images contained in thisguide are for comparisonand evaluation purposesonly. Actual results will varydepending upon specificconditions and levels ofcontaminants.
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CleanlinesUndersta
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
ISOCodes
The ISO Cleanliness Code references the number ofparticles greater than 4, 6, & 14 microns in one milliliterof fluid. The results of particle counting are plotted onthe adjacent logarithmic graph. The corresponding ISORange Code, shown above, gives the cleanliness codenumber for each of the three particle sizes.
Particle Size, Micrometers
PARTICLE COUNT SUMMARYParticle
Size(in microns)
430.0
90.0
44.0
21.0
3.0
9.5
16
14
12
Number perML. Greater
Than Size
RangeCode
4
6
10
14
25
50
161412
Note: each increase in range number represents
a doubling of the contamination level.
*
10,000,000
1,000,000
5,000,0004,000,0003,000,000
2,000,0001,500,000
500,000400,000300,000
200,000150,000
50,00040,00030,000
20,00015,000
5,0004,0003,000
2,0001,500
500400300
200150
504030
2015
5.04.03.0
2.01.5
0.50.40.3
0.20.15
0.050.040.03
0.020.015
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
10
1.0
.1
.011 102 5 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
N u m b e r o f P a r t i c l e s G r e a t e r T h a n S i z e P e r M i l i l i t e r
*10,000,000
5,000,000
2,500,000
1,300,000
640,000
320,000
160,000
80,000
40,000
20,000
10,000
5,000
2,500
1,300
640
320
150
80
40
20
10
5
2.5
1.3
.6
.3
.15
.08
.04
.02
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
1413
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
32
1
RangeCode
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Comparison
ISO/NAS/SAEO i l F i l t r a t i o n S y s t e m s
Chart
...relate to particle
count data only.
To conform to any
particular standard,
reference should
be made to
the recommended
experimental procedure.
BS 5540/4ISO/DIS 4406
CODENAS 1638
CLASSSAE 749CLASS
11/812/913/1014/914/1115/915/1015/1216/1016/1116/1317/1117/1418/1218/1318/1519/1319/1620/1320/1721/1421/1822/1522/17
23456789101112
0123456
The comparisonsat right...
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
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Many petroleum products are graded according to the ISO Viscosity Classification System, approved by the InternationalStandards organization (ISO).
Viscosityf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Classification Equivalents
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
60
50
40
30
20
109
8
7
6
5
4
80
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1000
2000 10000
8000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1500
1000
800
600
500
400
300
300
200
100
90
80
70
60
55
50
45
40
200
150
100
80
70
60
50
40
35
30
Viscosities can be related horizontally only.
Viscosities based on 96 VI single grade oils.
ISO are specified at 40C.
AGMA are specified at 40C.
SAE 75W, 80W, 85W and 5W & 10 W specified at
low temperature. Equivalent viscosities for 100 &
210F are shown.
SAE 90 to 250 and 20 to 50 specified at 100C.
250
140
90
85W
80W
75W
10W
20
30
40
50
1500
1000
680
460
320
220
150
100
68
46
32
22
15
10
7
5
3
2
8A
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
5W
S E A G R A D E S
G E A R O I L S
S A E G R A D E S
C R A N K C A S E O I L S
A G M A G R A D E S
I S O V G
SAYBOLTVISCOSITIES
KINEMATICVISCOSITIES
SUS/100F
SUS/210F
cSt/40C
cSt/100C
Each ISO
viscosity grade
number
corresponds tothe mid-point of aviscosity rangeexpressed incentistokes (cSt)
at 40 C.For example, alubricant with anISO grade of 32has a viscositywithin the rangeof 28.8 - 35.2,the midpoint ofwhich is 32.
Rule-of-Thumb:The comparableISO grade of agiven productwhose viscosity inSUS at 100 F isknown can be de-termined by usingthe followingconversion formula:
SUS @ 100 F 5=cSt @ 40C.
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This booklet is designed to be a quick and easy reference guide to be used along with our Portable
Fluid Analysis Kit. Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign a three-digit cleanliness
code to any given sample based on photomicrograph comparisons of known samples. These known
samples are the results of particle counts achieved by standards as set forth in ISO 4406-1999.
Manu
Assemble the pump and funnel assembly and screw on emptysample bottle.
Place solvent dispensing bottle filter on spout of solvent dispensingbottle.
Wash funnel with solvent and pull solvent through assembly withhand-operated vacuum pump.
Place a patch membrane in the funnel assembly.
Pour the fluid sample into the funnel and fill to the 25 ml level.
Pull sample through patch membrane with hand-operated vacuumpump.
Wash funnel with solvent and pull through patch membrane withhand-operated vacuum pump.
When sample passes completely through patch membrane, removemembrane with forceps, place on clean index card and immediatelycover with adhesive analysis lamination cover.
View patch membrane through microscope and compare sightscreen from 100x microscope to various pictures shown in thisComparison Guide to assign the appropriate ISO cleanliness code.
f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis KIT
Instructions
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p a g e 1 ( o f 2 )
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The Kit includes the following components:
123456789
481111111
Item# Description QtySolvent dispensing bottle filters120 ml sample bottlesMembrane filter forcepsMicroscope pen light1000 ml solvent dispensing bottleMembrane holder & funnel assembly100X microscopeHeavy-duty carrying caseEasy-vac hose
1100123150 ea.501
Item# Description Qty
Manuf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Scissors (for opening packets)3x 5 analysis cardsBeakerKeys for caseSyringesWater Test Kit0.8 & 5.0 micron membrane filtersReagent A for water analysisHand-actuated vacuum pump
101112131415161718
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p a g e 2 ( o f 2 )
The Kit includes the following components:
123456789
481111111
Item# Description QtySolvent dispensing bottle filters120 ml sample bottlesMembrane filter forcepsMicroscope pen light1000 ml solvent dispensing bottleMembrane holder & funnel assembly100X microscopeHeavy-duty carrying caseEasy-vac hose
1100123150 ea.501
Item# Description Qty
Manuf l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e
Portable Fluid Analysis Kit
Scissors (for opening packets)3x 5 analysis cardsBeakerKeys for caseSyringesWater Test Kit0.8 & 5.0 micron membrane filtersReagent A for water analysisHand-actuated vacuum pump
101112131415161718
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p a g e 2 ( o f 2 )